Object-Oriented

Programming (OOP) in
Java: An Introduction
Welcome to the world of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java! This
presentation will guide you through the fundamental concepts and principles
that make OOP a powerful paradigm for software development. We'll explore
classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction,
and how they contribute to creating robust, maintainable, and scalable Java
applications.

By the end of this presentation, you'll have a solid understanding of OOP and
its benefits, enabling you to apply these concepts in your own Java projects.
Let's embark on this journey of discovery together!

by Abhilasha Rani
What is Object-Oriented Programming?
(Defining OOP Principles)
OOP Principles Benefits of OOP

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming OOP promotes modularity, reusability, and maintainability. It
paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which contain data allows complex systems to be broken down into smaller,
and code to manipulate that data. Key principles include: manageable components, making it easier to develop, debug,
and update software.
Encapsulation
Inheritance These principles collectively enhance code organization, reduce
redundancy, and promote a more intuitive and efficient
Polymorphism
development process.
Abstraction
Core Concepts: Classes and
Objects

Classes Objects
A class is a blueprint or template for An object is an instance of a class. It
creating objects. It defines the is a concrete entity that exists in
attributes (data) and methods memory and has its own unique state
(behavior) that objects of that class (values for its attributes).
will have.
Each object created from a class is
Think of a class as a cookie cutter independent and can have different
and the objects as the cookies values for its attributes.
themselves.
Diving into Encapsulation:
Data Hiding and Security
Data Hiding Access Control
Encapsulation involves Access modifiers (e.g., private,
bundling data (attributes) and public, protected) control the
methods that operate on that visibility and accessibility of
data within a class, and hiding class members. This prevents
the internal state of an object unauthorized access and
from the outside world. modification of data.

Security
By restricting direct access to an object's internal state, encapsulation
enhances security and prevents accidental corruption of data.
Inheritance: Building Upon
Existing Code
Base Class
A base class (or superclass) defines common attributes and
methods that can be inherited by other classes.

Derived Class
A derived class (or subclass) inherits attributes and methods
from the base class, and can add its own unique attributes and
methods.

Code Reuse
Inheritance promotes code reuse and reduces redundancy by
allowing classes to inherit functionality from existing classes.
Polymorphism: Many
Forms, One Interface
Method Overloading Method Overriding
Defining multiple methods in the Redefining a method in a
same class with the same name subclass that is already defined
but different parameters. in its superclass.

Interface Implementation
Implementing methods defined in an interface, allowing different classes
to be treated as instances of that interface.

Polymorphism enables you to write code that can work with objects of
different classes in a uniform way. This enhances flexibility and extensibility of
your code.
Abstraction: Simplifying Complexity

Simplified View
Abstraction provides a simplified view of an
object or system, making it easier to
Hiding Details understand and use.

Abstraction involves hiding complex

Classes for accounts, customers, Classes for products, customers, orders, Classes for characters, items,
transactions, etc. Encapsulation to payments, etc. Abstraction to simplify environments, etc. Encapsulation to
protect account balances, inheritance for the user interface, inheritance for manage character attributes, inheritance
different account types (savings, different product categories (electronics, for different character types (warrior,
checking), and polymorphism for books), and polymorphism for mage), and polymorphism for handling
handling different transaction types processing different payment methods different game events (attack, defend).
(deposit, withdrawal). (credit card, PayPal).
Benefits of Using OOP

Maintainability
Reusability OOP enhances maintainability by
Modularity OOP allows code to be reused through encapsulating data and behavior, making
OOP promotes modular design, making it inheritance and composition, reducing it easier to update and modify code
easier to develop, test, and maintain redundancy and development time. without affecting other parts of the
individual components of a system. system.
Thank you
Thank you for joining me on this journey through the basics of Object-
Oriented Programming in Java. I hope this presentation has provided you
with a solid foundation for understanding and applying OOP concepts in your
own projects.

Remember, practice is key! The more you experiment with OOP, the more
comfortable and proficient you will become. Good luck, and happy coding!