Course Outline

Day1 Day2 Day3 Day4 Day5

Introduction Data Types
Simple GUI Interfaces Inner class
to Java & Operators

Basic Java using Arrays Essential Multi- Event

Concepts & Strings Java Classes Threading Handling

Controlling
Java
Program
Exception
Flow

Modifiers
and Access
Specifiers
Java Programming
Inner Classes
Inner Classes

 The Java programming language allows you to define a

class within another class.
 Such a class is called a nested class [ Inner Class].
class OuterClass
{
...
class InnerClass
{
...
}
}
Types of Inner Classes

 There are broadly four types of inner classes:

1. Normal Member Inner Class

2. Static Member Inner Class

3. Local Inner Class (inside method body)

4. Local Anonymous Inner Class

1. Normal Member Inner Class

public class OuterClass{

private int x ;
public void myMethod(){
MyInnerClass m = new MyInnerClass();
m.aMethod();
..
}
public class MyInnerClass{
public void aMethod(){
//you can access private members of the outer class here
x = 3 ;
}
}
}
1. Normal Member Inner Class

 In order to create an object of the inner class you need to use an object of the
outer class.

 The following line of code could have been written inside the method of the
enclosing class:

MyInnerClass m = this.new MyInnerClass();

 The following line of code is used to create an object of the inner class outside of
the enclosing class:

 OuterClass obj = new OuterClass() ;

OuterClass.MyInnerClass m = obj.new MyInnerClass();
1. Normal Member Inner Class
 An inner class can extend any class and/or implement any
interface.
 An inner class can assume any accessibility level:
 private,protected, or public.

 An inner class can have an inner class inside it.

 When you compile the java file, two class files will be produced:
 MyClass.class
 MyClass$MyInnerClass.class

 The inner class has an implicit reference to the outer class.

1. Normal Member Inner Class
public class MyClass{
private int x ;
public void myMethod(){
MyInnerClass m = new MyInnerClass();
m.aMethod();
}
class MyInnerClass{
int x ;
public void aMethod(){
x = 10 ; //x of the inner class
MyClass.this.x = 25 ; // x of the outer class
}
}
}
The inner class has an implicit reference to the outer class
2. Static Inner Class
 You know, The normal inner class has implicitly a reference to the outer class that
created it.

 If you don’t need a connection between them, then you can make the inner class static.
 A static inner class means:

 You don’t need an outer-class object in order to create an object of a static inner class.

 You can’t access an outer-class object from an object of a static inner class.
2. Static Inner Class
 Static Inner Class:

 is among the static members of the outer class.

 When you create an object of static inner class, you don’t need to use an object of the
outer class (remember: it’s static!).

 Since it is static, such inner class will only be able to access the static members of the
outer class.
2. Static Inner Class (Example)
public class OuterClass{

int x ;
static int y;

public static class InnerClass{

public void aMethod(){
y = 10; // OK
x = 33; // wrong
}
}
}

OuterClass.InnerClass ic= new OuterClass.InnerClass();

3. Local Inner Class
public class MyClass {
private int x ;
public void myMethod(final String str, final int a){
final int b;
class MyLocalInnerClass{
public void aMethod(){
//you can access private members of the outer class
//and you can access final local variables of the method
}
}
MyLocalInnerClass myObj = new MyLocalInnerClass();
}
}
3. Local Inner Class

 The object of the local inner class can only be created below the
definition of the local inner class (within the same method).

 The local inner class can access the member variables of the outer class.

 It can also access the local variables of the enclosing method if they are
declared final.
4. Anonymous Inner Class
public class MyClass
{
int x ;
public void init()
{
Thread th = new Thread(new Runnable()
{
public void run()
{
..
}
});
th.start();
}
}
4. Anonymous Inner Class
 The whole point of using an anonymous inner class is to implement an
interface or extend a class and then override one or more methods.

 Of course, it does not make sense to define new methods in

anonymous inner class; how will you invoke it?

 When you compile the java file, two class files will be produced:

 MyClass.class

 MyClass$1.class
Example:
Java Programming
Event Handling
Event Handling

 Event Delegation Model was introduced to Java since JDK 1.1

 This model realizes the event handling process as two roles:
 Event Source
 Event Listener.
 The Source:
 is the object that fired the event,
 The Listener:
 is the object that has the code to execute when notified that the event
has been fired.
Event Handling
Event Registration
Registration Event Listener
Registration Event Listener
Source Event Listener

• An Event Source may have one or more Event Listeners.

• The advantage of this model is:
• The Event Object is only forwarded to the listeners that have
registered with the source.
Event Handling
 When working with GUI, the source is usually one of the GUI Components (e.g. Button, Checkbox,
…etc).
 The following piece of code is a simplified example of the process:

JButton b = new JButton(“Ok”); //Constructing a Component (Source)

MyListener myL = new MyListener(); //Constructing a Listener
b.addActionListener(myL); //Registering Listener with Source
Event Handling
 Let’s look at the signature of the registration method:

void addActionListener(ActionListener l)

 In order for a listener to register with a source for a certain event,

 it has to implement the proper interface that corresponds to the designated event, which will enforce a
certain method to exist in the listener.

class MyListener implements ActionListener {

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// handle the event here
// (i.e. what you want to do
// when the Ok button is clicked)
}
}
Event Handling
 Let’s look at the signature of the registration method:

void addActionListener(ActionListener l)

 In order for a listener to register with a source for a certain event,

 it has to implement the proper interface that corresponds to the designated event, which
will enforce a certain method to exist in the listener.

class MyListener implements ActionListener {

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// handle the event here
// (i.e. what you want to do
// when the Ok button is clicked)
}
}
Example
• Create a frame that has a button to increment the counter value.
Example
• Create a frame that has a button to increment the counter value.
Events Classes and Listener Interfaces
Listener
Event Method(s)
Interface(s)
ActionEvent ActionListener actionPerformed (ActionEvent e)

AdjustmentEvent AdjustmentListener adjustmentValueChanged (AdjustmentEvent e)

componentHidden (ComponentEvent e)
componentShown (ComponentEvent e)
ComponentEvent ComponentListener
componentMoved (ComponentEvent e)
componentResized (ComponentEvent e)

ItemEvent ItemListener itemStateChanged (ItemEvent e)

TextEvent TextListener textValueChanged (TextEvent e)

componentAdded (ComponentEvent e)
ContainerEvent ContainerListener
componentRemoved (ComponentEvent e)
Events Classes and Listener Interfaces

Listener
Event Method(s)
Interface(s)

focusGained (FocusEvent e)
FocusEvent FocusListener
focusLost (FocusEvent e)

windowClosed (WindowEvent e)
windowClosing (WindowEvent e)
windowOpened (WindowEvent e)
WindowEvent WindowListener windowActivated (WindowEvent e)
windowDeactivated (WindowEvent e)
windowIconified (WindowEvent e)
windowDeiconfied (WindowEvent e)
Events Classes and Listener Interfaces
Event Listener Interface(s) Method(s)
keyPressed (KeyEvent e)
KeyEvent KeyListener keyReleased (KeyEvent e)
keyTyped (KeyEvent e)

mousePressed (MouseEvent e)
mouseReleased (MouseEvent e)
MouseListener mouseClicked (MouseEvent e)
mouseEntered (MouseEvent e)
MouseEvent mouseExited (MouseEvent e)

mouseMoved (MouseEvent e)
MouseMotionListener
mouseDragged (MouseEvent e)

MouseWheelEvent MouseWheelListener mouseWheelMoved (MouseWheelEvent e)

Lab Exercise
Lab Exercise 1
 Create a frame that has two buttons one to increment the counter value and

one to decrement this value.

 For All of your labs don’t forget to use: setFocusable(true) in the constructor of your
JPanel
Lab Exercise 2
• Create a frame that displays string which user can move
it using arrow keys.

 

Lab Exercise 3
• Create a frame that allows the user to draw one line by
dragging the mouse on the frame.
Lab Exercise 4
• Modify the previous exercise to allow the user to draw multiple lines on the
frame.

• Store the drawn lines in an array to be able to redraw them again when the panel
is repainted.
Course Outline

Day1 Day2 Day3 Day4 Day5

Introduction Data Types
Simple GUI Interfaces Inner class
to Java & Operators

Basic Java using Arrays Essential Multi- Event

Concepts & Strings Java Classes Threading Handling

Controlling
Java
Program
Exception
Flow

Modifiers
and Access
Specifiers