St.
Patrick’s College
Pakistan Studies
Detailed Question
Q - Why did the Muslims of Indo- Pak demand a separate homeland?
Ans-- The Muslims of the Indo-Pak demanded for a separate homeland in the following
grounds:
Desire to establish an Islamic state:
Islam is complete code of life for the Muslims and they are eager to implement it in their
personal and collective life and this can’t be possible until a pure Islamic society free from all
other unIslamic influences is established.
Two nation Theory:
Two nation theory played an important role for demanding a separate homeland according to
which Hindus and Muslim are two nations and they can’t live together so ,the Muslims
should have a separate state.
Historical collusion:
Hindu and Muslim historical collusion started when [Link] Qasim defeating Raja Dahir and
founded Islamic government in the subcontinent the historical collusions continue also during
the British Regime.
Hindus and British attitude
The British snatched power from Muslims, they were doubtful about the faith formers of
Muslims. So, Hindus and British joined hands to destroy the Muslims morally, socially ,
economically and politically. The Islamic education was replaced by British one. The
Muslims were forced to adopt Christianity and abandon pardah. This was the reason that
Muslim decided to have a separate homeland.
British Parliamentary System:
Indian congress demanded the Parliamentary system of government India which meant
majority rule. The implementation of this system simply meant the Hindus slavery of the
Muslims since they were in a majority.
Shuddhi and Sangathan Movement:
Hindu Muslim unity evaporated after the khilafat Movement and Hindu Muslim Riots began.
The poison of differences aggravated with passage of time. The differences reached to the
peak when Shuddhi and Sangathan movement began, which aimed at the mars conversion of
backward groups of Muslim into Hindu by forces where as sangathan programe ought to
organize the Hindu into a militant force to fight with Muslim.
Activities of Maha Sabha:
Maha Sabha was established in [Link] was a non-political party until the Shuddhi and
Sangathan movement started. These movements motivated Maha sabha to be involved in
politics motivated Maha sabha to be involved in politics. The party declared Muslims as
outsider and said that Muslims have no relation with Indian. If they want to leave it they
could leave it but if they want to live in India, they will have to accept Hindu Mut.
Protection of Urdu language;
Urdu was considered to be the language of Muslims of sub-continent. In 1867, the Hindi-
Urdu controversy began with some Hindus of Banaras demanding the replacement of Urdu
by Hindi as the court language. Muslim got disappointed when in April 1900 UP Governor
Sir Antony Mac Donnell gave Hindi the status of National Language with Urdu.
Protection of Muslim culture:
Hindus with the consent of British during the Congress ministries burnt and looted the
properties of Muslims. Urdu was replaced by Hindi. The Muslims of India therefore, decided
that the Muslim culture could be protected in a separate state.
Narrow mindedness of Hindus:
Hindu is a narrow minded nation who does not believe the philosophy of equality .They
considered themselves superior and used to call Muslims Maleech (impure).There was only
way out for the Muslims to demand a separate homeland.
Economic Hardships:
During the period of British Government Hindus practically threw out Muslims from the field
of trade and industry all the business, and services opportunities were occupied by Hindus.
For this, the Muslims decided to demand a separate homeland.
Congress Ministries
During the period of congress ministries Hindus did worst possible injustice with Muslims.
Band-e-mataram and status of Gandhi were introduced at a National level. Gandhi showed
his helplessness while Nehra plainly and openly said that
“There were only two nations in India Congress and British and rest should follow
them”
After this statement, nothing was left for Muslims but to present Pakistan Resolution in 1940.
Conclusion:
On the basis of above mentioned factors the Muslims apprehended that they would lose their
identity if they remained a part of Hindu society. Therefore they quitted congress and
demanded a separate homeland on the ground that they were different from Hindus.
