PROJECT REPORT

(Submitted for the Degree of [Link]. Honours in Accounting &

Finance under the University of Calcutta)

TITLE OF THE PROJECT:

"E-COMMERCE – A COMPARISION BETWEEN AMAZON & FLIPKART"

SUBMITTED BY
Name of the Candidate: RAJARSHI BANDYOPADHYAY

Name of the College: HERAMBA CHANDRA COLLEGE

Registration Number: 043-1111-0534-22

CU Roll Number: 221043-21-0146

College Roll Number: 223363

SUPERVISED BY
Name of the Supervisor: PROF. SAHITA MAITRA

Name of the College: HERAMBA CHANDRA COLLEGE

MONTH & YEAR OF SUBMISSION:

MAY, 2025

1
Annexure-IA

SUPERVISOR'S CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. RAJARSHI BANDYOPADHYAY a student of [Link]. Honours in

Accounting & Finance of HERAMBA CHANDRA COLLEGE, under the University of Calcutta has
worked under my supervision and guidance for her Project Work and prepared a Project
Report with the title "E-COMMERCE - A COMPARISION BETWEEN AMAZON & FLIPKART" which
he is submitting, is his genuine and original work to the best of my knowledge.
Place: Kolkata

Date: APRIL, 2025

AMAZON & FLIPKART

Signature:

Name: PROF. SAHITA MAITRA

Designation: LECTURER

Name of the College: HERAMBA CHANDRA COLLEGE

2
Annexure-IB

STUDENT'S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Project Work with the title "E-COMMERCE A COMPARISION
BETWEEN AMAZON & FLIPKART" submitted by me for the partial fulfillment of the degree of
[Link]. Honours in Accounting & Finance under the University of Calcutta is my original work
and has not been submitted earlier to any other University/Institution for the fulfillment of the
requirement for any course of study. I also declare that no chapter of this manuscript in whole
or in part has been incorporated in this report from any earlier work done by others or by me.
However, extracts of any literature which has been used for this report has been duly
acknowledged providing details of such literature in the references.

Signature:

Name: RAJARSHI BANDYOPADHYAY

Registration Number: 043-1111-0534-22

CU Roll Number: 221043-21-0146

Place: Kolkata

Date: MAY, 2025

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all thanks to God, for giving me the strength and will to complete this task just in time.
Even though I faced a lot of difficulties while trying to complete this task, I still managed to
complete it and we are glad about it.

It is a matter of great pleasure for me in submitting the project report on "E-COMMERCE -A

COMPARISION BETWEEN AMAZON & FLIPKART" a study for the fulfillment of the degree
course of [Link]. Honours in ACCOUNTING & FINANCE under the University of Calcutta.

At this juncture, I feel deeply honored in expressing my sincere indebted to my Prof. SAHITA
MAITRA from HERAMBA CHANDRA COLLEGE whose help, stimulating suggestions,
encouragement and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information
regarding the project & also for her support in completing the project.

Also a great thanks to my family and friends who tried their best to give their support either by
giving me a lot of encouragement to keep up with this task or by supporting us financially and
pay all the cost required to complete this task.

RAJARSHI BANDYOPADHYAY

4
5
 CHAPTER 1:

INTRODUCTION

6
 1.1: INTRODUCTION

Although the terms e-commerce and e-business are often used interchangeably, there are differences. E-
commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet or other computer network. Any
brick and mortar store can become an e-commerce business by adding a virtual storefront with an online
catalogue. In most cases, e-business refers exclusively to Internet businesses, but it may also refer to any
business that uses Internet technology to improve productivity and profitability.

E-commerce has immensely increased economic growth in domestic welfare and changes have arisen in the
market scenario too. Internet represents a new environment for extensive growth of e-commerce, providing
exchange of goods and services and also directing access of customer's own personal accounts online. The
trade negotiations on the fundamental key domestic policies, particularly in telecommunications, financial
services, and distribution and delivery have significant important in economic growth. The varying
characteristics of local environments, both infrastructural and socio-economic also play a significant role in the
variation of the acceptance and growth of e-commerce in different regions of the world. The e-commerce
technology and the usage of online shopping have increased domestic economics tremendously in India.

The eruption of the COVID19 pandemic has led to many repercussions in various industries across the world,
from education, health, retail, transport to tourism. Yet when we put in focus the sector of E-Commerce, we
realize the impact of the lockdown has been largely favorable to this industry in particular as well as for the
ones that are involved in it, be it directly or indirectly, opening up an avenue of potential opportunities for the
booming sector.

While the pandemic has overturned pretty much every aspect of our lives, the reliance of the users on online
shopping has escalated tenfold now when it's no longer just an option and more of a necessity. Amidst the
COVID-19, a bizarre number of consumers have tilted towards online shopping as a preferred alternative in
terms of availability, convenience, and safety factor.

7
 1.2: BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

E-commerce originated in a standard for the exchange of business documents, such as orders or invoices,
between suppliers and their business customers. Those origins date to the 1948-49 Berlin blockade and airlift
with a system of ordering goods primarily via telex. Various industries elaborated upon that system in the
ensuing decades before the first general standard was published in 1975. The resulting computer-to-computer
electronic data interchange (EDI) standard is flexible enough to handle most simple electronic business
transactions.

With the wide adoption of the Internet and the introduction of the World Wide Web in 1991 and of the first
browser for accessing it in 1993, most e-commerce shifted to the Internet. More recently, with the global
spread of smartphones and the accessibility of fast broadband connections to the Internet, much e-commerce
moved to mobile devices, which also included tablets, laptops, and wearable products such as watches.

E-commerce has deeply affected everyday life and how business and governments operate.

Commerce is conducted in electronic marketplaces (or marketspaces) and in the supply chains working on the
Internet-Web. Consumer-oriented marketplaces include large e-malls (such as Amazon), consumer-to-
consumer auction platforms (eBay, for example), multichannel retailers (such as L.L. Bean), and many millions
of e-retailers. Massive business-to-business marketplaces have been created by Alibaba and other companies.
The so-called sharing economy enables more efficient use of resources, as Airbnb does with online rentals of
private residences. Almost instantaneous access to services is made available by on-demand platforms
offering, for example, transportation (e.g., Uber), computation and storage resources furnished by cloud
service providers, and medical and legal advice. Mass customization of goods sold online, such as garments
and vehicles, became common. Electronic currencies (or cryptocurrencies) such as Bitcoin entered into play as
the means of settlement. Semipermanent supply chains enable a hub company (such as Dell) to surround itself
with suppliers that perform most production tasks and deliver other goods and services to the central firm.

This project is Based on "E-COMMERCE A COMPARISION BETWEEN AMAZON & FLIPKART". The primary study
is conducted by circulating a Questionnaire to 100 respondents from Kolkata & Howrah Area.

8
 1.3: Rationale/ need / justification of study

Internet became more powerful and basic tool for every person's need and the way people work. By
integrating various online information management tools using Internet, various innovative companies have
set up systems for taking customer orders, facilitate making of payments, customer service, collection of
marketing data, and online feedback respectively. These activities have collectively known as e-commerce or
Internet commerce. Online shopping made so easy for everyone with their product variations and simple way
to buy things. An attempt has been made to critically examine various corporate and business level strategies
of two big e-tailers and those are Flipkart and Amazon.

Comparison have been done considering e-commerce challenges, their business model, funding, revenue
generation, growth, survival strategies, Shoppers' online shopping experience, value added differentiation,
and product offerings. Both these big players made their own mark in India, but who is going to be ultimate
winner or be the top one is going to be.

A comparative study of [Link] with one of the close competitors [Link] delivers the information
about the different strategies to succeed in e-commerce market and different opportunities available in India

9
 1.4: LITERATURE REVIEW:

As we all know, internet and e-commerce are entirely committed towards every developed country. But we
think it can be accomplished and can make a remarkable benefit to developing countries also if an ideal
business purpose can be made.

The following were the major efforts at research in the subject, which have been referred for the research
purpose.

1.4.1: NATIONAL REVIEWS

Gupta (2019)

Gupta (2019) in her paper "E-Commerce: Role of e-commerce in today's business", presents a comprehensive
definition of e-commerce while isolating it from e-business. The paper enlists the different e-commerce
models i.e. B2B, B2C, B2G and C2C, narratively analysing the nitty gritties of each.

Rina (2020)

Rina (2020) also elaborates the different applications of e-commerce in "Challenges and Future Scope of E-
commerce in India", at the same time, defining the degree to which they are operational in the country.

Mishra & Kotkar(2021)

Mishra & Kotkar (2021) trace the timeline and development of B2C e-commerce in "A Study on Current Status
of E-Commerce in India: A Comparative Analysis of Flipkart and Amazon"with its inception in the mid 1990s
through the advent of matrimonial and job portals. However, due to limited internet accessibility, weak online
payment systems and lack of awareness, the progress was very slow. The Indian B2C e-commerce industry got
a major boost in mid 2000s with the expansion of online services to travel and hotel bookings which continue
to be major contributors even today.
10
1.4.2: INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS

Chanana & Goele, (2020)

"E-commerce is the use of electronic communications and digital information processing technology in
business transactions to create, transform, and redefine relationships for value creation between or among
organizations, and between organizations and individuals."

Ohidujja (2019)

Ohidujja man [Link] clearly discussed that E-commerce is a revolution & turning point in online business
practices and can make a huge contribution to the economy.

Hasan (2019)

Hasan also indicated that currently, e-commerce organizations have increasingly become a fundamental
component of business strategy and a strong catalyst for economic development.

Mehrdad Salehi (2019)

Mehrdad Salehi found out distinguish between online marketing & traditional marketing. Though most of the
people of Bangladesh especially the rural people are not enough capable of operating internet to run the
online business. For that reason, they need to be dependent on traditional marketing.

Numberger & Renhank, (2018)

The future lies not in a market where traditional brick and mortar stores are dominated by e-commerce
websites, but, in a business environment where offline stores are perfectly complemented by their online
counterparts.
11
 1.5: OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

OBJECTIVES:

➤ To find the factors that leads a website user to return to or recommend the website [Link] &
[Link]

➤ To discover the key factors that influence online buying behaviour of consumers in India

➤ To identify who are the online shoppers in terms of demography

➤ To understand the customer awareness on [Link] & [Link]

➤ To determine the factors responsible for customer satisfaction

12
 1.6: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this section it is explained how the research process has taken place generating potential outcome.

1. Type of research:

A quantitative research is carried out using surveys and questionnaires that has been distributed to a targeted
section of people.

2. Type of data:

Both primary and secondary data are required in this study. Primary data is the first hand information
collected directly from respondents. The tool used here is questionnaire. Primary Data is collected through
surveys conducted among different people of kolkata & Howrah.

3. Sources of data:

Government publications, social networking platforms, published/unpublished data on the Internet, scholarly
research papers and questionnaire distributed among people having bank accounts.

4. Data Analysis Procedure:

Quantitative and Qualitative data analysis. The data collected are transcript to the worksheet in the form of
tally bars analyzed by statistical tools by drawing tables and graphs. Based on the digital marketing concepts,
finding of the study are drawn and recommendations are made.

5. Tools:

The tools for analyzing data collection is structured questionnaire, bar graphs, pie charts, tables etc.

13
6. Sample Size:

sampling means getting opinions from a number of people, chosen from a specific group, in order to find out
about the whole group

It would be expensive and time-consuming to collect data from the whole population of a market. Therefore,
market researchers make extensive use of sampling from which, through careful design and analysis,
marketers can draw information about their chosen market. I have kept sample size of Approx 100 people.

14
 1.7: LIMITATION OF THE STUDY:

 The study is mainly concentrated on [Link] & [Link]

 The sample of the size will be limited to time and resources

 The information will be collected valid until there is no any technical change or any innovation

 The result is assuming that respondents have given accurate information.

 Customer Satisfaction is a vast concept. Time is too short to conduct the study in depth and the area of
the research was vast.

 As the survey is conducted in limited area there was a problem of limited number of respondents.

 As due to shortage of time, the entire population cannot be covered. So there is a chance of error in
sample size.

15
 1.8: CHAPTER PLANNING

Our study has been organized under the following chapters:

(1) CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION -

This chapter deals with the brief discussion on the Background of the study, Literature review,
Objective of the study, Research Methodology, Limitation of the study about E-commerce

(2) CHAPTER II: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK -

This chapter deals with the brief discussion on the Concept of E-commerce

(3) CHAPTER III: PRESENTATION OF DATA, ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS -

This chapter gives the Primary data analysis of [Link] & [Link]

(4) CHAPTER IV: CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATION -

This chapter, ultimately, gives the conclusion of our research project based on the findings and
analysis.

16
 CHAPTER 2:
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK /
INTERNATIONAL & NATIONAL
SCENARIO

17
 2.1: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

2.1.1: E-COMMERCE

E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of
funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet. These business transactions occur either as
business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer or consumer-to-business.
The terms e-commerce and e-business are often used interchangeably. The term e-tail is also sometimes used
in reference to the transactional processes that make up online retail shopping.

In the last decade, widespread use of e-commerce platforms such as Amazon and eBay has contributed to
substantial growth in online retail. In 2007, e-commerce accounted for 5.1% of total retail sales; in 2019, e-
commerce made up 16.0%.

2.1.2: Examples of e-commerce are:

A few examples of e-commerce marketplace platforms include:

(a) Amazon

(b) eBay

(c) Walmart Marketplace

(d) Flipkart

(e) Snapdeal

(f) Jabong

(g) Alibaba

(h) Myntra

(i) Firstcry

(j) OLA

(k) PAYTM

18
2.1.3: MERITS/ADVANTAGES OF E COMMERCE

(a) Enhances convenience: Customers can make orders for goods at their own convenience and from the
comfort of their homes without having to travel to the business premise. Orders are also delivered to them at
their most ideal locations. It's the best shopping option for people who are always busy.

(b) Allows for product and price comparison: Again, when making purchases, customers want to get the best
deals. This business model allows for product and price comparison by consumers so that the best products
are bought at the fairest prices. They can also enjoy extra benefits like discounts, coupons, items on sale and
also get the best deals.

(c) Easy fund-raising for start-ups ventures: So many people have the desire to venture into business but lack
sufficient funds to set up shop. Leasing a physical store can be quite expensive. E-commerce makes it easier
for start-ups to do business and grow.

(d) Efficient: E-commerce has the advantage of being efficient. Resources are used efficiently since most of
the business services are automated. Business owners sometimes spend a lot of resources meeting business
needs and this eats into profits. E-commerce thrives on efficiency.

(e) Customer reach: It's easier to reach many customers on the internet. Using social media links and good
search engine optimization strategies, an online business can increase brand awareness and grow its customer
base. It also has the advantage of being able to connect buyers and sellers from all corners of the globe.

(f) Prompt payments: Payments are fast since online stores use electronic or mobile transactions payment
methods. The mobile wallet system for merchant accounts drive up sales and increase revenue generation.

(g) Ability to sell different products: The flexibility of conducting business over the internet makes it possible
for entrepreneurs to display and sell several products and also cater to a wider demographic.

19
2.1.4: LIMITATIONS/DISADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE

(a) Poor quality products: You don't physically see and inspect whatever you are paying for before it's
delivered. Customers, therefore, run the risk of falling victim to false marketing and buying poor quality
products from the virtual shop.

(b) Impulsive purchases: Online stores display a large number of products and due to the convenience of
shopping, customers can find themselves making bad financial decisions through impulsive purchases.

(c) Internet scammers: The internet is a good thing but some people have decided to use it for all the wrong
reasons. Scammers have made this type of business model unattractive for some consumers.

(d) Lack of after sales support: As a result of lack of physical premises, customers find it hard to access after
sales support. It can take up to several days before any help is accorded to a customer in need.

(e) Fast changing business environment: Technology evolves so fast. Some entrepreneurs find it hard to keep
up and lose a lot of business in the process. This may make business growth unattainable.

(f) Loss of personal touch: Business is all about relationships. This business model erodes the personal touch
between a customer and the business owner. Cultivating loyalty can thus be a problem since there are many
such businesses that provide different options.

(g) Delivery of goods can get delayed: It takes time before the goods ordered for are delivered. Sometimes
the delivery delays and this inconveniences the customer. This is different from physical business premises
where customers walk out with the products bought.

Further, many critics of electronic commerce, however, have argued that this mode of buying and selling has
been endangering the livelihoods of traditional market sellers and shop owners who prefer to sell face to face.

20
2.1.5: CHARACTERISTICS/FEATURES OF E-COMMERCE:-

E-Commerce provides the following features -

E-Commerce provides the following features -

 Non-Cash Payment - E-Commerce enables the use of credit cards, debit cards, smart cards, electronic
fund transfer via bank's website, and other modes of electronics payment.
 24x7 Service availability - E-commerce automates the business of enterprises and the way they
provide services to their customers. It is available anytime, anywhere.
 Advertising/Marketing - E-commerce increases the reach of advertising of products and services of
businesses. It helps in better marketing management of products/services.
 Improved Sales - Using e-commerce, orders for the products can be generated anytime, anywhere
without any human intervention. It gives a big boost to existing sales volumes.
 Support - E-commerce provides various ways to provide pre-sales and post-sales assistance to provide
better services to customers.
 Inventory Management - E-commerce automates inventory management. Reports get generated
instantly when required. Product inventory management becomes very efficient and easy to maintain.
 Communication improvement - E-commerce provides ways for faster, efficient, reliable
communication with customers and partners.

2.1.6: MODELS/TYPES OF E-COMMERCE

(A) Business to Business [B2B]

(B) B2C Model

(C) C2C Business Models:

(D) Consumer-to-Business E-commerce (C2B)

(E) Business to - Government

(F) Government - to - Business

(G) Government - to - Citizen

21
 2.3: ΝΑΤΙONAL SCENARIO

Top eCommerce Sites in India

1: FLIPKART

Every Indian living in metro cities has heard the name of Flipkart. They have viewed it, browsed it and ordered
from it. Flipkart initially began as an online bookstore. In today's age it is the go to place for the Indian youth
to find books on topics ranging from fiction to sports to even high end scientific research.

Flipkart will not leave you disappointed. It now covers a range of products from every area of life. In a very
short span of time Flipkart has become the answer for everything.

It was the brainchild of Binny and Sachin Bansal; both of whom began with an investment of 4 lakhs and
currently own a company that stands to make an increased profit of $1 billion by the end of 2014. The story of
Flipkart is a stuff of legends.

The candle of Flipkart lit when Binny and Sachin were working in Amazon and thought of investing in their own
start-up. There growth and success has been an inspiration for many other start-ups that quickly lined up to
enter the world of e-commerce.

2. Snapdeal

Snapdeal began its journey in the year 2007 as an online coupon directory. With time it shifted its course and
tried its hand at e-commerce. And the rest they say is history. Kunal Bahl and Rohit Bansal were both tired of
the boring day to day existence that they lead as company employees. They shifted their focus towards
creating something of their own.

Today, they believe that leaving their jobs was the best decision of their lives. They have a customer base of
over 20 million Indians and do business with over 50,000 sellers who constantly post their products on their
[Link] story of Snapdeal is not a one day success story. In their four year experience, they have
gambled with 6 different business models until they finally hit the jackpot that is currently set to generate
annual revenue of $1 billion.

Snapdeal was a better business model unlike other Groupon clones in India because Snapdeal entered the
internet with the backing of 50,000 merchants with whom they were already working before they created
their website. Therefore, when Snapdeal came to India, it came with a level of variety that none of its
competitors could wish to reach.

22
3. Jabong

Jabong is currently India's most sought for branded clothing and accessories store. Unlike Flipkart and
Snapdeal, the business model of Jabong was slightly different. It aims at capturing the brand conscious
internet savvy population of India and has successfully done so. Jabong is currently the premium destination
for Indians to look for branded wear. It began pretty late in the year 2012, when its competitors had already
set up a strong foothold in the arena. They were different from other e-commerce stores because of their
streamlined delivery process.

Although, Jabong is half the age of its competitors, it is estimated to yield a profit of over $700 million.

While, Flipkart was the first in the e-commerce market to create a clutter free interface that became an
instant favorite, Jabong grabbed a hold of their attention with its unending catalog.

No matter what your age, Jabong has everything for everyone. Their aggressive marketing strategies made
them hit a huge online client base, all of whom responded with equal enthusiasm. Jabong's super fast delivery
process has helped in making a space for this website on the e-commerce red carpet.

4. Myntra

When it came to size, Myntra was a pretty small fish in a sea full of e-commerce sharks like Jabong and
Flipkart. But, Myntra was a persistent fish nonetheless. Mukesh Bansal is the mastermind behind Myntra. He is
an exceptionally smart and honest entrepreneur. From a personalized gifting store to one of the leading online
fashion stores, Myntra is always beating heads with Jabong.

Its acquisition by Flipkart is a high remark for this ambitious website. Its innovative step up in selling sports
merchandise and many other small moves separated Myntra from other low scale e-commerce stores that are
still little fishes while Myntra has only grown bigger with time.

Mukesh Bansal's long term vision and his eye for the right investors helped him scale Myntra and make it a
nationally recognized brand in a span of three years. So much so, that Flipkart came out of its way to woo
Myntra and acquire it for its own; a great story for Mukesh Bansal to tell his kids.

23
 2.2: INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO

Top eCommerce Sites of World

1. Amazon, Inc. - The King of eCommerce

Not suprisingly, we start the list of the largest eCommerce companies in the world with Amazon and its
empire.

Founded in 1994 in Seattle by now immortal Jeff Bezos, Amazon has in the years since become a household
name when it comes to online shopping. This internet company today has the largest revenue in the world,
but its beginnings were humble. It was initially not more than an online bookstore. Take a look at this
interview with Jeff Bezos from 1999 and see how unpredictable things were back then.

2. Jingdong - Chinese eCommerce

Many of us living in a western world didn't even heard of this eCommerce giant! The second on our list of the
largest eCommerce companies in the world is Jingdong, also known as [Link] e-Commerce company
operating from Beijing is the first of three major Chinese companies we list here. Rivaled by the more popular
Alibaba, Jingdong has well over quarter of a billion registered users as of 2018. It was founded in 1998 and
started trading online six years later. Today, the company brandishes its high tech delivery system, comprised
of robots, AI, and a fleet of drones.

3. Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. - Chinese eCommerce Dragon

If you are buying stuff on the Internet, there's a significant chance that you bought something from AliExpress
or Alibaba. This Chinese mega company comes third on the list of the largest e-Commerce companies in the
world! Few people haven't heard of Jack Ma's success story. The Chinese business magnate's life is a riches-to-
rags story. Having been rejected from more than 30 job posts in the early 1990s, he started making websites
for companies with his wife and a friend. The business grew exponentially and in the year 1999, Alibaba Group
was founded, the world's largest retailer of present-day, operating in more than 200 countries.

24
 CHAPTER 3:

PRESENTATION OF DATA,
ANALYSIS & FINDING

25
 3.1: COMPANY PROFILE:

FLIPKART

Flipkart was founded in October 2007 by Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal, alumni of the IIT, Delhi and former
Amazon employees. The company initially focused on online book sales with country-wide shipping. Flipkart
slowly grew in prominence and was receiving 100 orders per day by 2008.

Flipkart is an Indian e-commerce company, headquartered in Bangalore, Karnataka, India, and incorporated in
Singapore as a private limited company. The company initially focused on online book sales before expanding
into other product categories such as consumer electronics, fashion, home essentials, groceries, and lifestyle
products.

The service competes primarily with Amazon's Indian subsidiary and domestic rival Snapdeal As of March
2017, Flipkart held a 39.5% market share of India's e-commerce industry. Flipkart has a dominant position in
the apparel segment, bolstered by its acquisition of Myntra, and was described as being "neck and neck" with
Amazon in the sale of electronics and mobile phones. Flipkart also owns PhonePe, a mobile payments service
based on the UPI.

26
27
 3.2: COMPANY PROFILE:

AMAZON

Amazon was founded by Jeff Bezos in July 1994, who chose Seattle for its abundance of technical talent, as
Microsoft was in the area. [28] Mackenzie Scott was also instrumental in its founding, and drove across the
country with Bezos to start it.

Amazon went public in May 1997. It began selling music and videos in 1998, and began international
operations by acquiring online sellers of books in the United Kingdom and Germany. The following year, it
began selling items including video games, consumer electronics, home improvement items, software, games,
and toys.

In 2002 it launched Amazon Web Services (AWS), which provided data on website popularity, Internet traffic
patterns, and other statistics for marketers and developers. In 2006, it grew its AWS portfolio when Elastic
Compute Cloud (EC2), which rented computer processing power, provided Simple Storage Service (S3), and
rented data storage via the Internet, also became available. That year, Amazon also started Fulfillment by
Amazon which allowed individuals and small companies to sell items through the company's Internet site. In
2012, Amazon bought Kiva Systems to automate its inventory management business. It purchased the Whole
Foods Market supermarket chain in 2017.

28
29
 3.3: DATA ANALYSIS

CHAPTER ANALYSIS AND FINDING

This chapter aims obtain the objective of the study by critically analyzing the qualitative data
through thoroughly examining the interviewee's responses and beliefs. This has been achieved
through evaluating the most relevant responses by the participants. The data has been
analysed and discussed by comparing the comments made by respondents with the literature
review keeping in mind the research objective of the study. Thus, the rationale of this analysis
is based on the personal answers provided by the respondents. An appropriately designed
questionnaire was used to collect the primary data for the study. The data for 100
respondents was organized systematically in tables and graphs and then was subjected to
analysis using appropriate statistical tools. The results of the analysis are presented in the
following section in order to assess the customer perception towards online shopping on
[Link] in India. Here for analyzing, we are considering two factors. That is:

1. Demographical factors

2. Behavioural factors

30
 3.4: FINDINGS:

 There is not much difference in gender for using online shopping.

 Students and salaried persons are most frequent users of Flipkart & Amazon.
 Frequency of purchase for electronics, books and music, apparels and accessories are more in Flipkart
& Amazon.
 Word of mouth was more influential in promotion as many people were made aware by their friends
and family when customers recommend this website to them.
 Highly discounted products got out of stock quickly, since customers purchased it as soon as they could
when they see high discount on good featured product.
 The services provided by Flipkart & Amazon are good and even more scope of development is there for
increasing the customer strength.
 Digital marketing techniques like search engine marketing, links providing other website and
advertisement also functioned well for promotion of this website.
 Fast delivery is one of best service Flipkart & Amazon is providing.
 Different payment options available in Flipkart & Amazon made customers more satisfied and comfort
for paying while purchasing product.
 Customers feeling more secured when purchasing through Flipkart & Amazon because of different
policies and services they have.
 In comparison with competitors, Flipkart & Amazon is charging free shipping for the purchase of 300
plus rupees, while others free ship the service without any barrier.
 Out of stock is the main issue faced by Flipkart & Amazon.
 Most of customers have good experience with Flipkart & Amazon while purchasing products.
 Most of them are satisfied with the services of Flipkart & Amazon and so that they succeed in retaining
the customers.
 Advertising is an important way to have the brand and products familiar to consumers.
 Convenience and time saving are two important factors that customer looking for while purchasing
through online.

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 Chapter 4:

Conclusion &
recommendation

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 4.1 CONCLUSION

When it comes to the E-commerce websites, Flipkart & Amazon dominates the scene. The brand is at the
forefront of offering the latest fashion trends, high-quality products and, most importantly to consumers,
awesome affordability. So, how did the brand grow from humble beginnings to become the number one
retailer in the world not to mention setting the global standards for success with their Flipkart & Amazon
eCommerce channel?

The story might surprise all.

Flipkart & Amazon's rise to the top of the online shopping and their dominating eCommerce presence is an
inspiration.

I encourage all eCommerce marketers to learn from Flipkart & Amazon's example. By combining an active, and
not reactive marketing strategy with the latest big data technologies, the Flipkart & Amazon brand had
successfully created a marketing model where they can anticipate their consumers demand and react fast.
Ortega's passion for business, customer service and creativity is the stuff that makes legends. It proves that
every marketer has the potential to grow their brands to new heights if they put their mind to it.

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 4.2: RECOMMENDATION

Recommendations for successful E-Commerce are as follows:

 Flipkart & Amazon has successfully placed itself into the prospects mind making it the India's largest
online store with huge range of products. But it still needs to work on their core competence that is
books and stationery items.
 Delivery services can be improved mainly in rural areas by selecting appropriate courier service which
has services in customer area for dispatching an item.
 Can make free delivery to all priced products.
 Can include more coupon codes and gift vouchers for increasing the traffic of the customers.
 Out of stock items can made available as soon as possible and intimate the needed customers.
 Should look for International/ Overseas markets or Neighbouring Countries.
 Should clearing focus on the Growing Online Apparel business & it can diversify into apparel category
either organically or inorganically by acquiring other portals.
 User Experience: Portal should continuously aim to work to improve the user experience by adding
more & more innovative features in the website like virtually shopping basket, virtual trial rooms. In
this competitive world to differentiate via user experience, the ultimate winner will be the Indian
online consumer.
 Should comprehensively invest into E-CRM & online reputation management.
 Logistics & Supply Chain: can continuously aim to reduce the delivery time cycle.
 Price will still be a factor as Flipkart & Amazon being a huge company will use its economies of scale to
remove their competitors from the market; therefore, they need to be more competitive on that
aspect.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Global Electronic Commerce: Theory and Cases, by Chris Westland and Ted Clark, MIT Press, 1999.

2. E-Business Roadmap for Success, by Ravi Kalakota and Marcia Robinson, Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company, Inc,. 1999

3. Electronic Commerce A Manager's Guide, by Ravi Kalakota and Andrew B.

Whinston, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 1997

4. Statista

WEBLIOGRAPHY:

1. [Link]

2. [Link]

3. [Link]

4. [Link]

5. [Link]

6. [Link]

7. [Link]
ecommerce-02368071

8. [Link] & Amazon-ecommerce/

9. [Link]

10. [Link]

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