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algorithm

Definition and characteristics of algorithm

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neethujayaram
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2 views

algorithm

Definition and characteristics of algorithm

Uploaded by

neethujayaram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem.

It involves various
constructs and statements to guide the process of computation. Here’s a breakdown of the key
components involved in an algorithm:

1. Attributes and Constructs of an Algorithm

 Attributes:

o Input: The data that the algorithm takes in to process.

o Output: The result produced by the algorithm.

o Definiteness: Each step of the algorithm is precisely defined.

o Finiteness: The algorithm terminates after a finite number of steps.

o Effectiveness: Each step must be basic enough to be carried out with a pencil and
paper.

 Constructs:

o Sequential: Instructions are executed one after another.

o Selection: Making decisions (if-then-else statements).

o Iteration: Looping (for, while loops).

o Invocation: Invoking other algorithms or procedures.

2. Statements in an Algorithm

a. Input

An algorithm starts by receiving inputs, which are necessary data to process.

Input: Read the values of a, b, and c.

b. Output

An algorithm produces outputs as a result of its computations.

Output: Print the result.

c. Decision Making (Selection)

Decision making involves branching logic based on conditions.

If (a > b)

Print "a is greater than b"

Else

Print "a is not greater than b"

d. Looping (Iteration)

Looping involves repeating a set of instructions until a condition is met.

For i from 1 to 10
Print i

Algorithm: Sum of first n natural numbers

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1. Start

2. Input: Read the value of n

3. Initialize sum = 0

4. For i from 1 to n

sum = sum + i

5. Output: Print the value of sum

6. Stop

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