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SECTION 16270:

GUIDELINE SPECIFICATION FOR TRANSFORMERS

0 REV

31/01/06 DATE

I Issued for Use

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PREPARED BY RC APPROVED

KINGDOM OFSAUDI RABIA A

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SECTION 16270 TRANSFORMERS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item No PART 1 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 PART 2 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 PART 3 3.01 3.02 3.03 Title Page No

GENERAL............................................................................................................ 1 DESCRIPTION OF WORK .................................................................................. 1 SECTION INCLUDES .......................................................................................... 1 RELATED SECTIONS ......................................................................................... 1 REFERENCES..................................................................................................... 2 DEFINITIONS....................................................................................................... 5 SUBMITTALS....................................................................................................... 7 QUALITY CONTROL ........................................................................................... 7 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS...................................................... 8 FACTORY TESTING ........................................................................................... 8 SERVICE CONDITIONS...................................................................................... 8 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE ........................................................... 9 PRODUCTS ....................................................................................................... 10 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 10 DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS (600 V AND BELOW) ...................................... 10 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS .................................................................... 12 OIL FILLED TRANSFORMERS (MEDIUM VOLTAGE UP TO 35 kV) .............. 13 NAMEPLATES, DIAGRAM PLATES AND LABELS .......................................... 20 EXECUTION ...................................................................................................... 22 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 22 INSTALLATION OF TRANSFORMER............................................................... 22 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING .................................................................... 23

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PART 1

GENERAL

1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK A. This Section specifies the minimum technical requirements for engineering, design, manufacture, supply, storage, handling, and installation of transformers and their accessories (in this Specification, transformers were called as equipment, and their accessories called as materials) as per the Contract Drawings/Documents. The Contractor shall, as part of his full responsibility, check the ratings and/or sizes of the transformers and accessories as specified in the Contract Drawings/Documents. When this check indicates that the specified rating and sizes are not adequate, then the Contractor shall notify the Royal Commission and take the necessary action and make the changes with the approval of the Royal Commission. The Contractor shall also check and verify every requirement, aspect and detail necessary for interfacing, coordinating and integrating with new or existing systems and equipment. The Contractor shall provide qualified field personnel capable of successfully placing into operation the transformers. These personnel shall include but not limited to installation engineers, engineers for testing and commissioning and putting equipment into service and for demonstrating operation of equipment to the Royal Commission. The Contractor or manufacturer shall give the written guarantee to the Royal Commission for a period of 1 year from the date of commissioning, against any conflict and deviations in design with the applicable industry codes and standards or in Contract Drawings/Documents or any manufacturing defect of transformer, or imperfect material. This Specification defines the minimum requirement for transformers and accessories with either IEC/SASO or North American based standards as specified in par. 1.04. Where works interface with Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) or Marafiq, the equipment/materials and installation system shall comply with latest revision of the interface companys standards, and shall be reviewed and approved by the interface companies.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F. G.

1.02 SECTION INCLUDES A. B. C. Dry Type Distribution Transformers Instrument Transformers Oil Type Distribution Transformers

1.03 RELATED SECTIONS A. Section 01320 Construction Progress Documentation

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B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R.

Section 01330 Section 01410 Section 01450 Section 01650 Section 01660 Section 03310 Section 05120 Section 07110 Section 07130 Section 16060 Section 16075 Section 16120 Section 16130 Section 16150 Section 16290 Section 16340 Section 16410

Submittal Procedures Regulatory Requirements Quality Control Product Delivery Requirements Product Storage and Handling Requirements Structural Concrete Structural Steel Dampproofing Sheet Waterproofing Grounding and Bonding Electrical Identification Conductors and Cables Raceway and Boxes Wiring Connections Power Measurement and Control Medium Voltage Switching and Protection Assemblies Enclosed Switches and Circuit Breakers

1.04 REFERENCES A. The referred codes and standards are intended to provide an acceptable level of quality for materials, products and workmanship. In case of conflict between these standards and the text of this Specification, the Specification text shall govern. The latest revision of the referred codes and standards shall be used wherever applicable. In case of conflict, the Contractor shall propose equipment, materials and processes conforming to one group of codes and standards. SASO 1. 2. 3. SASO 421 SASO 422 SASO 693 Saudi Arabian Standards Organization Testing Methods for Power Transformers Power Transformers Dry Type Power Transformers

B.

C.

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4. 5. 6. 7. 8. D.

SASO 1606 SASO 1607 SASO 1608 SASO 1705 SASO 1706

Power Transformers - Part 1: General Power Transformers - Part 3: Insulation Levels and Dielectric Test -Section 1: External Clearances in Air Power Transformers - Part 5: Ability to Withstand Short - Circuit Power Transformers - Part 2: Temperature Rise Power Transformers - Part 3: Insulation Levels and Dielectric Test Saudi Electricity Company-Eastern Operating Area Specification for Pad Mounted Station Service Transformer Up to 2 MVA American Society for Testing and Materials

SEC-EOA 1. 51-SMSS-5

E.

ASTM 1. 2. 3. ASTM D202

Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation Standard Test Methods for Silicon Fluids Used for Electrical Insulation Standard Specification for High Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils

ASTM D2225 ASTM D5222

F.

BSI 1. BS CP 1014

British Standards Institution Protection of Electrical Power Equipment Against Climatic Conditions International Electro-Technical Commission IEC 60044 SET Instrument Transformers Set (Includes IEC 60044-1, IEC 60044-2, IEC 60044-3, IEC 60044-5, IEC 600446, IEC 60044-7, IEC 60044-8) Power Transformers Power Transformers - Part 5: Ability to Withstand Short Circuit Power Transformers Transformers Part 11: Dry Type

G.

IEC 1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

IEC 60076 IEC 60076-5 IEC 60076-11 IEC 60079-14 IEC 60137

Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmosphere Electrical Installation in Hazardous Area Bushing for Alternating Voltage above 1000 V

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7. 8.

IEC 69186 IEC 60296

Voltage Transformers Fluids for Electrotechnical Applications - Unused Mineral Insulating Oils for Transformers and Switchgear Voltage Transformers Loading Guide for Oil Immersed Transformer Radio Interference Test on High Voltage Insulator Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures (IP Code) Determination of Transformer and Reactor Sound Levels Terminal and Transformer Tapping Marking for Power

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. H. IEEE 1. 2.

IEC 60354 IEC 60437 IEC 60529 IEC 60551 IEC 60616

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE C57.12.00 IEEE C57.12.26 General Requirement for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers Pad-Mounted, Compartmental-Type, Self-Cooled, Three Phase Distribution Transformers for Use with Separable Insulated High Voltage Connectors 934 500 GRD Y/19 920V and Below; 2500 kVA and Smaller IEEE Standard Transformers Requirements for Instrument

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. I.

IEEE C57.13 IEEE C57.19.01 IEEE C57.111 IEEE C57.121 IEEE 386

Performance Characteristics and Dimensions for Outdoor Apparatus Bushing Acceptance of Silicon Insulating Fluid and its Maintenance in Transformers Acceptance and Maintenance of less Flammable Hydrocarbon Fluid in Transformers Separable Insulated Connector Systems for Power Distribution Systems above 600 V

NEMA 1. 2.

National Electrical Manufacturer Association Dry Type Transformer for General Application Transformers, Regulators and Reactors

NEMA ST 20 NEMA TR 1

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J.

NFPA 1. NFPA 70

National Fire Protection Association National Electrical Code

1.05 DEFINITIONS A. basic insulation level or basic impulse level (bil): A measure demonstrating the strength of the transformers insulation system to withstand very high transientvoltages impinged upon transformer terminals during surge arrester discharges line shielding flashovers and line switching operations. coil or winding: Turns of wire around the core of the transformer. Connects the core to either the input, in the case of the primary winding, or the output, in the case of the secondary winding. core or limb: A component of a transformer. The iron or steel core provides a controlled path for the magnetic flux generated in the transformer by the current flowing through the windings. delta connection: A 3-phase transformer connection where the phases are connected in a manner which resembles a triangle. delta-delta: 3-phase transformer circuit created by a triangle both the primary and secondary winding connected in a delta configuration. delta-wye: 3-phase transformer circuit created by a triangle, the transformer primary connected in a delta configuration and the transformer secondary connected in a wye configuration. distribution transformer: Transformer related at 500 kV and below used for voltage transformation on the distribution system. dry type transformer: A transformer designed to operate in air. The design does not require the assistance of a liquid to dissipate excess heat. Natural or fan-assisted circulation through ventilation openings is all that is required to meet temperature classification requirements. decibel (db): A unit used to express the magnitude of a change in signal of sound level, whether an increase or a decrease. efficiency losses: A measure of the amount of energy lost during the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity. full capacity above normal (fcan) tap: A special voltage tap used to account for voltage fluctuations on the input side. Allows for fine-tuning of the output voltage when the input voltage is higher than expected. full capacity below normal (fcbn) tap: A special voltage tap used to account for voltage fluctuations on the input side. Allows for fine-tuning of the output voltage when the input voltage is lower than expected. oil or liquid-filled transformer: A type of transformer cooled by mounting in a sealed tank filled with liquid. The liquid is normally oil, but silicone and other liquids

B.

C.

D. E. F.

G. H.

I. J. K.

L.

M.

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may also be used. Liquid will act both as coolant and insulate, during transformer operation. N. parallel operation: The connection of the outputs of two or more power conditioners for use as one unit. Paralleling for capacity means that the units are paralleled for the sum of their individual ratings, i.e. two 125 KVA systems paralleled for use as a single 250 KVA system. Paralleling for redundancy means using one or more additional units to maintain power even when one unit fails. percentage impedance: The voltage drop due to impedance at rated current expressed in percent of rated voltage. percentage regulation: The percentage difference between a secondary winding's output voltage when operating under no-load or open-circuit and full load conditions. phase displacement: The angular difference between the phasors representing the voltages between the neutral point (real or imaginary) and the corresponding terminals of two windings, a positive sequence voltage system being applied to the high voltage terminals, following each other in alphabetical sequence if they are lettered, or in numerical sequence if they are numbered. The phasors are assumed to rotate in a counter-clockwise sense. primary winding: Turns of wire on the core, used to connect the input to the core. secondary winding: Turns of wire on the core, used to connect the output to the core. short circuit strength: The output of a sensor is designated short circuit proof if it is capable of continuously withstanding short circuited load current or a short circuit to ground at the output without sustaining any damage, and if it is once again ready for operation without any switching operations after the short circuit has been eliminated. transformer: A device that transfers electrical energy from one voltage level to another, without changing the frequency, by the principles of electromagnetic induction. The energy transfer usually takes place with a change of voltage. vector group Dyn11, Dyn5, Yyn0: The connection such as star, delta or zigzag (interconnected star) phase windings of a 3-phase transformer or windings of the same voltage of single phase transformers associated in a 3-phase bank expressed as a combination of letters and clock hour number, the first symbols indicated in capital letters Y, D or Z for high voltage (HV) winding connection and the second symbols indicated in small letters y, d or z for the intermediate (if any) and low voltage (LV) winding connection, if the neutral point of a star connected or zigzag connected winding is brought out and its indicated as YN (yn) or ZN (zn) respectively. The third symbol, number indicates the phase displacement expressed as clock-hour number. wye connection: A 3-phase transformer connection where the phases are connected in a manner which resembles the letter Y. Often called a star connection.

O. P. Q.

R. S. T.

U.

V.

W.

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1.06 SUBMITTALS A. The Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission, under the provisions of SECTION 01330, the following items for review and approval before commencing Work: 1. All vendor drawings and product data sheets and specifications shall be generally provided as defined and shall also include but not limited to the document listed below: a) b) List of manufacturers of the various transformers. Vendor drawings shall be presented clearly with sufficient information for the electrical rating of transformers and their accessories, impedance, outline dimensions, weight, mounting details and materials, decibel rating, percent taps, terminations, basic impulse levels, dielectric tests of the windings, temperature rise, no load and full load losses, connection diagrams, and transformer efficiency. Manufacturer nameplates and labels with the complete applicable informations. Manufacturers catalogs including installation, operations instructions and maintenance recommendations/manuals. Quality Control Program as referenced in SECTION 01450. Calculations for the sizing of transformer, to justify the proposed transformers. Special tools required for the future maintenance. List of recommended spare parts. Certificates of compliance. Color samples for coating and painting materials. Certificates of paint finish type test. Cement concrete foundation plans and details. As-built Drawings.

c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) l) m) B.

The Contractor shall submit field test reports after the completion of Testing and Commissioning.

1.07 QUALITY CONTROL A. The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality of work and shall develop and propose programs and methods of construction and testing to achieve the specified quality to the approval of the Royal Commission in accordance with SECTION 01450.

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1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS A. All works undertaken in relation to this Specification are to be completed in full accordance with the respective health and safety requirements established by the following: 1. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia a) 2. Legislation, Regulation, Standards and Codes.

Royal Commission Regulations a) Standards, Contractual Conditions, and Health and Safety Systems.

3.

Contractor a) Health and Safety Standards and Systems as accepted by the Royal Commission.

B.

In the absence of any of the above, best accepted industry practice shall be employed throughout.

1.09 FACTORY TESTING A. All the transformers and components shall be tested at the factory in accordance with the latest approved manufacturing codes and standards. The Contractor shall notify the Royal Commission in writing not less than 30 days prior to the scheduled starting date of the factory tests. The Royal Commission reserves the right of deputing their representative for witnessing the factory testing. Upon completion of factory tests, and before shipment of the transformers, the Contractor shall submit 5 certified copies of test reports not later than 10 days after the completion of all factory tests for review and approval by the Royal Commission.

B. C.

1.10 SERVICE CONDITIONS A. All the transformers and their accessories installed indoors shall be suitable for the following service conditions: 1. Ambient Air Temperature a) b) c) 2. Maximum of 40C. Minimum of 0C. Average temperature, measured over a period of 1 month, shall be at a maximum of 35C.

Relative Humidity (Average Value)

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a) b) B.

For a period of 24 hours, shall not exceed 95%. For a period of 1 month, shall not exceed 90%.

All the transformers and their accessories installed outdoor shall be suitable for the following service conditions: 1. Ambient Air Temperature a) b) c) 2. 3. Maximum of 50C. Minimum of 0C, unless a lower temperature is specified in the Contract Drawings. Average temperature, measured over a period of 1 month, shall be at a maximum of 45C.

Altitude shall be less than 1000 m, unless a higher altitude is specified on the Contract Drawings and Documents. Average Value of the Relative Humidity a) b) For a period of 24 hours, shall not exceed 95%. For a period of 1 month, shall not exceed 90%.

4. C.

Relative humidity may be temporarily 100%.

All the transformers and their accessories to be installed in classified areas as indicated in the Contract Drawings and Documents shall be suitable for such installation as per NEC Article 500 or other relevant standards, as specified in par. 1.04.

1.11 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE A. The Contractor shall deliver, handle and store equipment and materials in accordance with SECTIONS 01650 and 01660, as well as the following requirements: 1. Equipment and materials shall be delivered to the site originally packed, securely wrapped and labeled by manufacturer in unopened containers, complying with manufacturers direction. Materials and equipment shall be stored at job site strictly according to manufacturers instruction. Damage or distortion of the materials and equipment shall be avoided during handling and shipment or transportation. The Contractor shall be responsible for any damage to the materials or equipment during storage, handling and transportation.

2. 3. 4.

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PART 2

PRODUCTS

2.01 GENERAL A. All goods and products covered by these Specifications shall be procured, when available, from an in-Kingdom manufacturer. Procurement of all goods and products manufactured out-of-Kingdom must be approved by the Royal Commission. The Contractor shall furnish all transformers and their accessories as specified in the Contract Drawings/Documents. These transformers and accessories shall be completely new, and shall be of the highest quality available.

B.

2.02 DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS (600 V AND BELOW) A. General 1. The Contractor shall provide the general purpose air cooled, dry type transformers rated 600 V and below for supplying the electrical distribution power to industrial and residential appliances, lighting and other required power loads. Transformers shall be manufactured in accordance with the latest revision of NEMA ST-20, IEC 60076 or other applicable industry codes and standards as specified in par. 1.04. The Contractor shall provide the type of transformers, system voltage and KVA ratings, single or 3-phase system at 60 Hz as indicated and as required in the Contract Drawing/Documents. Dry type transformers and their accessories shall be vacuum pressure encapsulated or cast coil with the heavy gage steel enclosure suitable to use for indoor and outdoor application, the transformers shall meet the requirement of IEC 60529 or other applicable standards as specified in par. 1.04. For indoor use, the transformers shall be ventilated type, for outdoor use the transformers shall be corrosion and drip proof type with weather shields, and also suitable for use under the service conditions as specified in par. 1.09. Transformers shall be floor mounted or wall mounted type as indicated or as required in Contract Drawings/Documents. Finished color of transformers shall be cement gray RAL No. 7033 for indoor and outdoor use.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6. 7. B.

Construction 1. Enclosure a) Enclosure of the transformers shall be provided with self-bracing case with lifting holes or eyes to facilitate for handling and installation, enclosure shall have jacking facilities.

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b) c) d) e) f) 2.

Front, rear and top cover panels shall be removable type for easy installation and maintenance. Bottom cover panel shall be perforated type to allow the proper ventilation. Side cover panels shall be provided with the conduit knockouts for high and low voltage cable entrance. Rigid end frame shall be provided on top of coils to strengthen against the short circuit stresses to assure dependability. Transformer enclosure shall be provided with terminal straps including grounding facility.

Cores and Coils a) b) Cores of the transformers shall be high quality, grain oriented, and nonaging, silicon steel to minimize the core losses and vibration. Isolated windings (Coils) 2 per phase of the transformers shall be of pure copper and continuously wound on the isolated limbs without splices, except for the taps, and shall be completely encapsulated or cast in resin to provide a moisture proof, shock resistant seal. Coils of the transformers shall be insulated with a minimum of 180C insulation system to prevent deterioration under heat and other severe conditions to assure the long transformer life and reliability. Separate limb shall be provided for each phase. The coils and cores assembly shall be mounted on rubber isolation pads to reduce noise, with support on 2 angle brackets bolted to the insides of the enclosure. Core assemblies shall be grounded to the enclosure by suitable flexible straps. Transformers shall be designed with full primary capacity taps, primary and secondary tap connections shall be made with pressure type lugs. Primary side of the transformer shall be DELTA connected, and secondary side of the transformer shall be WYE connected or as indicated and as required in the Contract Drawings/Documents.

c)

d) e)

f) g) g)

3.

Temperature Class a) Transformers shall be designed for continuous operation at rated KVA, and the minimum temperature ratings for transformer insulation systems shall be as stated above. Transformers shall operate at full capacity without exceeding the winding temperature rise above 40C ambient temperature. Insulating materials for the transformers shall be in accordance with

b)

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NEMA ST-20 or IEC 60076. 4. Tap Arrangement a) Minimum tap arrangement of the transformer shall be four 2.5% full capacity taps, 2 full capacity above normal (FCAN) and 2 full capacity below normal (FCBN) of rated primary voltage, or as specified and as required in the Contract Drawings/Documents.

5.

Sound Levels a) Sound levels of the transformers shall meet the requirement of NEMA ST-20 or other relevant applicable standards, and shall not exceed the sound level ratings for its KVA range as specified in Table 2A:
TABLE 2A: MEASURED SOUND LEVELS IN DECIBELS

Transformer Rating in kVA Up to 9 10 - 50 51 - 150 151 - 300 301 - 500 501 - 700 701 - 1000 1001 - 2000 2.03 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS A.

Sound Level Rating in db 40 45 50 55 60 62 64 65

The voltage transformers shall conform to IEEE C57.13 or IEC 60186 and shall be wound type with polarity markers suitable for operating meters and relays. The isolation transformer shall have voltage ratio as indicated on the Contract Drawings. The additional requirements of the voltage transformers as given below: 1. 2. The primary (high voltage) side shall have the same Basic Impulse Level (BIL) as the primary side equipment and secondary (Low voltage) side BIL of 10 kV. Maximum allowable temperature rise under continuous full load above the room average ambient temperature of 40C by winding resistance 30C, by hottest spot in winding 40C. Protect with current limiting fuses on the primary side. Also provide fuses or circuit breakers on secondary side.

3. B.

The current transformers shall be provided in the application of instruments, meters, and relaying with ratio and accuracy as shown on the single line diagrams. The Contractor shall be responsible for checking burdens to be in compliance with IEEE C57.13. The current transformers shall be insulated for the full voltage rating of the equipment, and shall be rated to withstand the maximum short circuit rating of the

C.

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equipment. Primary CT current rating shall be the nearest standard rating equal to not less than 125% of the normal primary current in the circuit. Shorting links shall be provided to short CT terminals before the removal of connected load. CTs to be fully rated for the ambient. 2.04 OIL FILLED TRANSFORMERS (MEDIUM VOLTAGE UP TO 35 kV) A. General 1. The design requirements of the oil filled distribution transformers, pad mounted cable box or unit substation type shall be manufactured and built-in factory in accordance with the applicable industry codes and standards as specified in par. 1.04 or as specified in the Contract Drawings/Documents. The transformer shall be of outdoor type, self-cooled, mineral oil immersed, sealed/conservator type and self-contained with radiators, off circuit tap changer and other accessories. Pad mounted transformers shall be dead front in accordance with IEEE C57.12.26. Transformers shall be suitable to use under the service conditions as specified in par. 1.09 and shall be capable of delivering 100% rated power continuously. The entire transformer assembly shall be suitable for outdoor installation and shall be tamper proof. All hardware including nameplates, nuts, bolts, hinges, and the likes, shall be of stainless steel, bronze or other corrosion resistant material. The contents of this Specification shall be adopted for cable box type transformer.

2.

3.

4.

5. B.

Performance Characteristics and Ratings 1. 2. The transformer shall be rated from 50 to 5000 kVA or as specified in the Contract Drawings/Documents. Transformers shall be suitable for installation for voltage ratio given below or as indicated in the Contract Drawings/Documents at no load and principle taps shall be. a) b) c) d) e) 3. Number of Phases: High Voltage: Low Voltage: LV Neutral Arrangement: Frequency: 3 34.5, 13.8, 4.16 kV 10% 380/220 V or 220/127 V or 480/277 V 5% Solidly Grounded 60 Hz

The transformer shall be Delta-Star connected with vector group Dyn 11 per

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IEC 60076. 4. The transformer shall be equipped with externally operated, 5 position, off circuit tap changer located in the high voltage windings. The transformer shall be capable of delivering the rated power at all tap positions. Tapping range of the tap changer shall be 5% in equal steps of 2.5%. The transformer shall be designed and constructed to withstand, on any tap without damage, the thermal and mechanical effects of short-circuit in accordance with IEC 60076-5 or IEEE C57.12.00. Noise level, when measured in accordance with IEC 60551 IEEE C57.12.00, shall not exceed the limits specified in NEMA TR-1. or

5. 6.

7. 8. C.

Other ratings and requirements shall be as specified in manufacturer Data Sheets or in the Contract Drawings/Documents.

Construction 1. General a) Transformer tank shall be of rigid or non-rigid, sealed type for transformers rated 500 kVA and below. For transformers above 500 kVA, the tank shall be of rigid, sealed or conservator type. Transformer with rigid sealed tank shall have a nitrogen cushion on top of oil. Oil level inside the transformer tank shall remain above all vital components such as core, coil, bus leads etc. for a 10 tilt in any direction from the normal leveled position.

b) c)

2.

Tank a) The tank shall be made of formed and electrically welded steel alloy plates, suitably braced to provide sufficient strength for supporting internal parts and to prevent damage or distortion under service conditions or during transport or when the complete transformer assembly filled with oil is lifted by crane or jacks. The tank shall be designed to withstand without permanent deformation a pressure of 25% above maximum operating pressure. Rigid type tank shall be designed to withstand a full vacuum without deformation. The base of the transformer shall be rigidly welded steel frame adequate to withstand moving, skidding, and shipping, handling and supporting the weight of the transformer on a concrete foundation when in service. Base structural members shall be so located that the center of gravity shall not fall outside the points of support for a 15 tilt from the normal leveled position, with or without oil in the transformer. For conservator type transformers, openings in the form of a handhole

b)

c)

d)

e)

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with flanges or retainers shall be provided in the main cover. Covers shall be provided with suitable gaskets which shall be gas and oil tight throughout the service life of the transformer at the specified temperature conditions. f) g) Buchholz relay and dehydrating breather shall be furnished with the transformer. The transformer tank shall not leak and shall remain effectively sealed for top oil temperature up to 110C. All pipes and radiators which are welded to the tank wall shall be welded externally. The finish of transformer tank and its accessories shall be adequately protected against corrosion and the manufacturer shall include a statement of the method of protection proposed. The quality of protection shall be at least equal to that recommended in BS CP 1014 for extreme climatic conditions. Core and coil (winding) assembly shall not be an integral part of the main cover. Material for core and coil shall be as specified in pars. 2.02 B.2.a and b.

h)

i) j) 3.

Radiators a) b) The design of the radiators shall be such that dust and sand cannot accumulate and block or restrict circulation of the air. The radiators shall withstand the pressure condition specified for the tank.

4.

Windings a) b) Winding shall be copper. The minimum winding insulation requirements shall be as shown in Table 2B below:
TABLE 2B: WINDING INSULATION REQUIREMENTS

Nominal System Voltage Basic Impulse Level Power Frequency (kV rms) bil (kV peak) Withstand Voltage (kV rms) 34.5 13.8 c) 170 95 70 34

For winding insulation, thermal stabilized paper shall be used, minimum percentage retention of bursting strength shall be tested in oil as per ASTM D202.

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5.

Bushings and Terminations a) General 1) HV and LV bushings shall be side wall mounted. Steel fittings shall be galvanized. Terminals shall be suitable for vertical cable take-off. HV and LV bushings and terminations shall be enclosed in adequately sized cable terminal boxes bolted to the main tank. Cable terminal boxes shall be made of sheet steel of thickness at least 3 mm and of degree of protection IP 54 per IEC 60529 or equivalent. Cable terminal boxes shall be designed for bottom entry. Suitable metallic cable glands shall be provided for sealing all cable entries.

2)

6.

HV Bushings and Terminations a) The minimum HV bushing insulation requirements shall be as shown in Table 2C:
TABLE 2C: HV BUSHING INSULATION REQUIREMENTS

Nominal System Voltage (kV rms) 34.5 13.8

Basic Impulse Level bil (kV peak) 170 95

Power Frequency Withstand Voltage (kV rms) 70 36

b)

Pad mounted transformer HV bushings shall be of Load-break separable insulated connector system (Elbow) type per IEEE 386 and suitable for single core cable terminations, with provision for suitable parking stand. Pad mounted transformers shall be loop or radial feed as shown on Contract Drawing and with primary terminations described as follows: 1) Loop feed transformer shall have 6 universal bushing wells and 6 load-break bushing inserts. Provide parking stand adjacent to each bushing well. Radial feed transformers shall have 3 universal bushing wells and 3 load-break bushing inserts. Provide parking stand adjacent to each bushing well.

c)

2)

7.

LV Bushings and Terminations a) b) LV bushings shall be of electrical grade wet processed porcelain, brown in color in accordance with IEC 60137 or equivalent. The neutral bushing shall be fully insulated and interchangeable with the

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associated phase bushings. c) LV terminal pads shall be of tinned copper suitable for bolted type terminal connectors as per NEMA Standards. LV cable sizes shall be as specified in Contract Drawings/Documents.

8.

Off Load Tap Changer a) The off load tap changer shall be operated manually from outside. The operating handle shall be accessible from ground level. The tap changer shall have provision for pad locking at every tap position. The operating mechanism shall ensure that the tap changer can be locked only if that tap switch is making full contact.

9.

Primary Protection Devices a) Transformer shall be furnished with over current, earth fault, percentage differential relays, thermal and buchholz protections. If specified in the Contract Drawings/Documents, transformer shall also be furnished with 3 draw out oil immersed fuses with removable fuse links. Fuse links shall be overload sensing type. The rating of protection devices including fuse shall be as per manufacturer standards or as specified in the Contract Drawings/Documents.

b)

10.

Load Break Switch a) As specified in Contract Drawings/Documents, pad mounted transformer shall be furnished with an internal oil immersed load break switch with hook stick operating handle accessible in the primary compartment. The switch shall be two position for radial feed and four position for loop feed, 3 pole manually gang operated, spring loaded toggle type. The four position switch shall allow transformer be energized with loop closed, energized from either side of the loop with the loop open and the transformer can be de-energized with the loop closed. The load break switch rating shall be as per manufacturer standards and as specified in the Contract Drawings/Documents.

b)

c) 11.

Oil Temperature Indicator a) b) c) Transformer shall be provided with an oil temperature indicator to indicate the top oil temperature. The indicator shall have a dark face dial with light markings, an indicating pointer and a hand reset maximum indicating pointer. The dial marking shall cover a range of 0 to 120C. The words "Oil Temperature" shall be marked on the dial or on a suitable nameplate mounted adjacent to the indicator.

12.

Oil Level Indicator

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a) b)

Magnetic type oil level indicator shall be provided to indicate oil level in the tank. The indicator shall have a dark face dial with light markings and an indicating pointer. The dial markings shall show 25C level as well as the high and low oil levels. The words "Oil Level" shall be marked on the dial or on a suitable nameplate mounted adjacent to the indicator.

c) 13.

Nitrogen Pressure Gage a) For rigid sealed type transformers, a pressure gage shall be provided to monitor the pressure of the nitrogen inside the tank.

14.

Pressure Relief Device a) A self-resetting type pressure relief device shall be provided for rapid release of any over pressure within the transformer. The device shall operate at a pressure less than the designed withstand pressure of the tank.

15.

Drain, Sampling and Filter Valves a) The transformer shall be fitted with the following valves: 1) 2) b) c) One drain valve. One sampling valve.

A filter valve shall be provided when specified in the Contract Drawings/ Documents. All valves shall be of iron body with bronze or stainless steel trim. Means shall be provided for locking the valves. Each valve shall be provided with an indicator clearly showing its position. All valves shall be of petcock type with dust cover. The valves shall be readily accessible with the transformer in service. The drain valve shall be located so that the tank can be completely drained. The size of the valve shall be 20 mm diameter. The filter valve, if specified, shall be of 20 mm diameter and shall be located at the top of the tank. The sampling valve shall be located at the bottom of the tank. The size of the valve shall be 5 mm diameter. The sampling valve may be integrated with the drain valve. Transformer shall be provided with pipe plug for filling the transformer.

d) e) f) g) h) i)

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16.

Lifting Facilities a) Lifting lugs for balanced lifting of the completely assembled transformer shall be provided. The bearing surface of the lifting lugs shall be free from sharp edges and each lifting lug shall be provided with a hole having a minimum diameter of 20 mm for guying purposes. Means shall be provided for lifting the core and coil assembly from the tank. Lifting eyes shall be provided for lifting the main cover.

b) 17.

Grounding a) b) c) Transformer shall be provided with grounding provisions near the base on two diagonally opposite sides. Grounding connectors shall be of solderless type and shall be suitable for bare copper ground conductor of size 95 through 240 mm. Refer to SECTION 16060 for grounding materials and installation systems.

18.

Transformer Oil a) b) The transformer shall be filled with unused mineral insulating oil which shall conform to IEC 60296, fire point of oil shall be 300C. Alternatively, the transformer shall be filled with synthetic liquid having a fire point of a 300C. Or the transformer shall be filled with unused insulating oil less flammable (High temperature) hydrocarbons or silicones with fire point above 300C which shall conform to ASTM D5222/IEEE C57.121 and ASTM D2225/IEEE C57.111 respectively.

19.

Painting a) The entire transformer assembly shall have a corrosion resistant marine coating in accordance with manufacturers standard practice with the state of the art painting system such as electro-phoretic methods (aqueous deposition) and by powder coating to provide durability with no system breakdown such as cracking, blistering, scaling, or fading, for a minimum period of 10 years. Finish color of the transformer shall be as specified in par. 2.02 A.7, and the minimum thickness of the paint shall be greater than 100 microns. The Contractor is responsible for the protection of all coating and repair of all coatings damaged prior to delivery and until the issue of the initial acceptance. Transformer painting shall be suitable for outdoor service and as specified in par. 1.09.

b)

c)

d)

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2.05 NAMEPLATES, DIAGRAM PLATES AND LABELS A. The transformers shall bear a nameplate permanently/indelibly and legibly marked in both English and Arabic languages per IEC 60076 or IEEE C57.12.00 showing the appropriate items indicated below: 1. 2. 3. Type of transformer Specification to which manufactured Manufacturer name and address with logo 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Manufacturers serial number Year of manufacture Number of phases Rated power Rated frequency Rated voltage Rated current Vector group : : : : : : : : : 1 or 3 Phase kVA or MVA Hz kV Amps Dyn 11 or as shown on Contract drawings or as manufacturers standards As shown on Contract drawings or as manufacturers standards : : Oil or Dry IEC or ANSI/IEEE, NEMA

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

BIL Tap position Winding connections Impedance Type of cooling Continuous ambient temperature at which ratings apply

: : : : :

As shown on Contract Drawings or as manufacturers standards ONAN/ONAF

: : :

C Kg L

18. 19. 20.

Total weight of transformer Volume of Oil

Royal Commission purchase order No :

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B.

A diagram plate showing the transformer assembly in one line format shall be mounted near the transformer nameplate. Switch configurations, terminal identification, low voltage instrument transformers rating and arrangement and appropriate reference drawing numbers shall be shown. Where required, the warning signs and labels for danger or hazards and caution shall be provided as specified in SECTION 16075. The name and diagram plates material shall be stainless steel, weather proof and shall be firmly fitted with suitable size of screws and rivets on outer and front side of the transformer where clearly and easily visible. Before installation, the Contractor/manufacturer shall submit the detail information of nameplate, diagram plates and warning signs to the Royal Commission or their representative for review and approval.

C. D.

E.

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PART 3

EXECUTION

3.01 GENERAL A. B. The Contractor shall provide all equipment and labor as deemed necessary for the proper execution of the work. All work shall be performed in a professional manner, in conformance with the applicable codes and standards and the best electrical engineering practice. Work shall be performed by skilled workers equipped to produce satisfactory results in a safe and substantial manner so as to avoid undue stresses. The Contractor shall also provide the equipment, manufacturers services of a competent and experienced engineer to supervise the installation of the equipment, in the correct installation, operation, service, and maintenance of the equipment. All Saudi Electricity Company and Marafiq direct interface work shall be done with Saudi Electricity Company and Marafiq prior approval and in strict accordance with Saudi Electricity Company and Marafiq standards. The Contractor is fully responsible for any mechanical damage upon installation of transformers and their related accessories.

C.

D.

E.

3.02 INSTALLATION OF TRANSFORMER A. General 1. Indoor dry type transformer shall be installed on floor or optional wall mounted type up to 75 kVA with the support of 2 suitable mounting brackets or as specified on the Contract Drawings. Outdoor type transformer shall be installed and anchored in concrete foundation pad in accordance with Contract Drawings/Documents or as recommended by the transformer manufacturer. The concrete foundation pad shall be constructed as per the Royal Commission Guideline Specifications in par. 1.04. Transformer shall be installed within a surrounding walled area provided with access gates, necessary to protect against vehicular traffic and access to authorized persons only. Surrounded wall shall be constructed as indicated in the Contract Drawings. Primary and secondary cables shall enter from bottom of the transformer through opening in the concrete pad. All the primary and secondary connections including protective and auxiliary devices of the transformer shall be made as specified on the Contract Drawings. Primary and secondary connections shall be made with the appropriate termination kits or terminal lugs, electrical clearance shall be maintained as

2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

7.

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recommended by the manufacturer or as specified on the Contract Drawings. For wiring connections and materials refer to SECTION 16150. 8. Grounding conductors in the duct bank shall be extended and interconnected with the grounding network around the concrete pad, refer to SECTION 16060 for grounding installation, materials and testing. For fixing of Identification tags, warning and caution labels, refer to SECTION 16075. All voids between the transformer assembly and the concrete pad shall be sealed to prevent the ingress of dust and water.

9. 10.

3.03 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING A. General 1. The Contractor shall carry out all site tests in accordance with the approved test procedures, codes and standards to ensure that the transformer and their accessories comply with the specifications and operational requirements. All tests shall be subject to witnessing by the Royal Commissions representatives. At least 4 weeks prior to schedule tests, the Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission an outline of the plan and procedures to be used in performing the site inspection and site tests. This outline shall include a brief description of the test equipment, connection diagrams, proposed tests and procedures, test sheets, calculations, reference drawings and minimum and maximum test and performance values, in conformance with this Specification and acceptability of the equipment and its installation. Upon completion of installation and prior to final acceptance, each component of each system shall be tested to the complete satisfaction of the Royal Commission. The Contractor shall provide all test instrumentation, equipment and accessories necessary for demonstration and putting the equipment into operation before commissioning. All testing equipment shall be calibrated by approved authorities and calibration certificates shall be submitted to the Royal Commission for their review and approval. Upon completion of all fields testing, the Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission 5 copies of a certified test reports attesting that each test has been performed in accordance with the approved test procedures. The report for each test shall include the name of the person in-charge of the test and the date of performance. All factory and field test reports shall be included in Operation and Maintenance Manuals.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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6.

During the fields testing, special care shall be taken including the safety of persons, and the test apparatus does not damage.

END OF SECTION

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