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    002archist Chapter2

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    arkiosk
    This document discusses vernacular architecture, specifically in the Philippines. It defines vernacular architecture as structures built by non-professional architects using local materials and adapting to the local environment. It then outlines 5 key features of vernacular architecture. The document goes on to discuss various examples of vernacular structures in the Philippines, including stilt houses, Naga symbolism, Ivatan houses in Batanes, and house types from the Cordillera region like Bontoc houses and Ifugao houses. It notes that these structures show the Austronesian cultural influences and adaptations to the local environment.

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    002archist Chapter2

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    arkiosk
    2K views75 pages
    This document discusses vernacular architecture, specifically in the Philippines. It defines vernacular architecture as structures built by non-professional architects using local materials and adapting to the local environment. It then outlines 5 key features of vernacular architecture. The document goes on to discuss various examples of vernacular structures in the Philippines, including stilt houses, Naga symbolism, Ivatan houses in Batanes, and house types from the Cordillera region like Bontoc houses and Ifugao houses. It notes that these structures show the Austronesian cultural influences and adaptations to the local environment.

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    002ARCHIST-CHAPTER2

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    This document discusses vernacular architecture, specifically in the Philippines. It defines vernacular architecture as structures built by non-professional architects using local materials and adapting to the local environment. It then outlines 5 key features of vernacular architecture. The document goes on to discuss various examples of vernacular structures in the Philippines, including stilt houses, Naga symbolism, Ivatan houses in Batanes, and house types from the Cordillera region like Bontoc houses and Ifugao houses. It notes that these structures show the Austronesian cultural influences and adaptations to the local environment.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2K views75 pages

    002archist Chapter2

    Uploaded by

    arkiosk
    This document discusses vernacular architecture, specifically in the Philippines. It defines vernacular architecture as structures built by non-professional architects using local materials and adapting to the local environment. It then outlines 5 key features of vernacular architecture. The document goes on to discuss various examples of vernacular structures in the Philippines, including stilt houses, Naga symbolism, Ivatan houses in Batanes, and house types from the Cordillera region like Bontoc houses and Ifugao houses. It notes that these structures show the Austronesian cultural influences and adaptations to the local environment.

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    of 75

    Vernacular Architecture

    ARCH 514 | History of Filipino Architecture


    Slideshow developed by: Arch. Edeliza V. Macalandag, UAP Bohol Island State University | College of Architecture & Engineering

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?

    Indigenous

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?

    Folk

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?

    Tribal

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?

    Ethnic

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?

    Traditional

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?

    Indigenous Folk Tribal Ethnic Traditional

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?

    Primitive

    Barbarism

    Western

    Ethnic

    Civilization

    Anonymous

    Defining the Vernacular

    Vernacular, what?
    From Latin, vernaculus, means native. Vernacular Architect refers to the grammar, syntax, and diction in expressing buildings in a locale, while signifying the diverse range of building traditions in a region.

    Defining the Vernacular

    5 Principal Features of Vernacular Architecture


    1.

    2.
    3. 4. 5.

    The builders, whether artisans or those planning to live in the buildings, are non-professional architects or engineers. There is constant adaptation, using natural materials, to the geographical environment. The actual process of construction involves intuitive thinking, done without the use of blueprints, and is open to later modifications. There is balance between social/economic functionality and aesthetic features. Architectural patters and styles are subject to a protracted evolution o traditional styles specific to an ethnic domain.

    Vernacular Architecture

    All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, primary of which is the accommodation of values, economies and ways of living of the culture that produced them.

    Vernacular Architecture

    Beyond the basic requirements of shelter, they stand as paradigms of man-made order constructed in response to a tangible and immediate world of nature.

    Vernacular Architecture

    The building technology developed by the vernacular tradition is sustained through independent evolution and accumulation of local wisdom. Vernacular architecture:

    1. embodies the communal 2. symbolizes the cultural, and 3. concretizes the abstract

    Vernacular Balai

    The vernacular balai is the "pure, Southeast Asian type of domestic architecture found in the non-Hispanized, non-Anglo-Saxon communities around the country"
    - Ma. Corazon A. Hila, "The Ethnic Balai: Living in Harmony with Nature", Balai Vernacular (1992)

    The balai is viewed as the origin of Philippine traditional architecture.

    Vernacular Balai Austronesian ancestry is manifested in its archetypal tropical characteristics:

    Elevated floor Buoyant rectangular volume Raised pile foundation Voluminous thatched roof

    Austronesian Building Heritage and the Aquatic Cultural Network of Asia-Pacific

    Austronesian Building Heritage and the Aquatic Cultural Network of Asia-Pacific

    Coastal Tausug House

    The Austronesian House

    Lexically reconstructed forms of these various house terms are (Robert Blust, 1987):

    rumag balay lepaw kamalir banua

    The Austronesian House

    Rumaq
    - Most widely distributed term for house - Iban, Gerai, Minangkabau (rumah) and Rotinese vocabulary - similar to Badjao stilt house, luma

    The Austronesian House

    Balay
    - house in Isneg, Cebuano (Philippines) - public meeting house in Malay languages - reflexes also mean house

    - Fijian, vale
    - Samoan, fale, - Hawaiian, hale

    The Austronesian House

    Lepaw
    - storehouse for grain (Ngaju, lepau) - hut other than longhouse (Uma Juman, lep) - back verandah or kitchen verandah of Malay House (Malay, lepau) - long, slow moving houseboat with no outrigger (Badjao, lepa)

    The Austronesian House

    Kamalir
    - granary, storehouse, barn (Philippines, kamalig or kamarin) - Oceanic language, mens house

    The Austronesian House

    Banua
    - house in Malayo-Polynesian languages: - Toraja, banua - Banggai, bonua - Wolio, banua - Molima, vanua - Wosi-Mana, wanua - more reflexes, denotes it as: land, country, place, settlement, inhabited territory, village

    Naga: Austronesian Water Symbol

    Stilt Houses: An Austronesian Legacy

    Coastal Tausug House

    The Raised Pile Foundation


    Some advantages of Pile Foundations: Piles raise the living floor above the mud and flood waters Provide excellent under-floor ventilation Small fire lit under the house drive mosquitoes away Make housework easy
    Ifugao fale

    Voluminous Thatch Roof

    Voluminous Thatch Roof

    Traditional Materials and Construction Techniques

    Traditional Materials and Construction Techniques

    Structures without nails (pegging, wedging, binding)

    The House as Ritually Ordered Space

    Tausug houses line coastal areas of the Sulu archipelago in Mindanao

    Regional House Types

    Monsoon Frontiers: Ivatan Houses

    Monsoon Frontiers: Ivatan Houses

    Monsoon Frontiers: Ivatan Houses

    Monsoon Frontiers: Ivatan Houses

    Monsoon Frontiers: Ivatan Houses

    Cordillera Houses

    William Henry Scotts Classification of Cordillera Houses

    Isneg House Cordillera Region

    Isneg House Cordillera Region

    Kalinga Octagonal House Cordillera Region

    Kalinga Octagonal House Cordillera Region

    Kalinga Octagonal House Cordillera Region

    Kalinga Rectangular House Cordillera Region

    Bontoc House (afong/ katyufong)

    Bontoc House (afong/ fayu)

    Bontoc House

    Ifugao House (fale)

    Ifugao House

    Ifugao House

    Ifugao House

    Halipan, Ifugao House

    Kankanay House

    Lowland Vernacular Dwellings: The Bahay Kubo

    Bontoc House

    Bontoc House

    Organic Materials for Indigenous Constructions

    References
    Lico, Gerard (2008). Arkitekturang Filipino: A History of Architecture and Urbanism in the Philippines. Quezon City: The University of the Philippines Press.

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