Construction Machines

CONSTRUCTION MACHINES
Mansoor Azam Qureshi NUST
General
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Construction is the ultimate objective of any design, and the transformation of a design by construction into a useful structure is accomplished by men and machines. Men and machines transform a project plan into reality, and as machines evolve there is a continuing transformation of how projects are constructed. This subject will describes the fundamental concepts of machine utilization, which economically match machine capability to specific project construction requirements: The efforts of contractors and equipment manufacturers, daring to develop new ideas, constantly push machine capabilities forward. As the array of useful equipment expands, the importance of careful planning and execution of construction Mansoor Azam Qureshi September 22, 2013 operations increases. NUST, Islamabad
Need for Construction Equipment
To reduce the duration of the process .

To reduce costs . To reduce (heavy) manual work
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September 22, 2013
Construction Machines Choice

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The aim of the machine; the work to carry out the planned technologies The material / elements to work with The quality to achieve The capacity needed The conditions at the site The schedule The budget
Mansoor Azam Qureshi September 22, 2013
Simple Machines/Equipment
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Lever
M.A. of a lever = Effort Arm/Resistance Arm

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Wedges
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Wheel and Axle
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Inclined plain
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L = length of the ramp, measured along the slope. 1 = height of the ramp R = weight of the object to be raised, or lowered. E = force required to raise or lower the object.
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Screws
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Pulley
count the number of parts of rope going to and from the movable block you can figure the mechanical advantage
Advent of Modern Machines

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A machine converts raw power or work into a useful or productive work. Simple machines could do this function one at a time with a limited mechanical advantage and restricted by the available human or animal power/ energy. Eg. lever could move heavy loads
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Fortunately simple machines could combine to make more complex machines to make machines more efficient and valuable. Eg. Lever and wheel could combine to make a bicycle to move heavy load much quickly and for longer distances.
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Development of energy sources like steam. Internal combustion and compressed ignition engines relieved human and animal as power source and enhanced machine output manifold.
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Development in steel and rubber/ nylon industries resulted in heavier , stronger and mobile machines of today.
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Parts of Construction Machines

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Platform Power Pack Power Train Equipment or tool
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Tools and Equipment

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Tools/equipment define role or work that machines can perform and become an integral part. Eg Blades are integral to any dozer. Often referred as standard equipment.
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Tools and Equipment

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Additional equipment can be fixed to a machine to perform some auxiliary task are often referred as non standard or optional equipment.
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Types of Machines
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Earthwork Lifting
Transportation Concrete equipment
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Earthwork Machines
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Dozers, bulldozers
Loaders
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Earthwork Machines
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Scrapers
Graders
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Earthwork Machines
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Excavators
Power shovel
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Earthwork Machines
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Dragline
Clamshell
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Lifting Equipment
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Mobile Crane
Fixed Crane
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Lifting Equipment
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Lifter
Gantry
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Transport Equipment
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Dump Truck
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Transport Equipment
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Pumps
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Concrete Equipment
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Mixing
Batching Plant
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Concrete Equipment
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Transit Mixer
Internal Vibrator
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Concrete Equipment
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External vibrator
Concrete Spreader/finisher
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Syllabus
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Construction Machines. Basic Machine like lever, gears, shaft, wedge etc. Power source for machines /equipment like gasoline, diesel engines. Standard and special equipment. Procurement and selection of equipment, ownership and operation cost. Maintenance and repair cost. Depreciation and replacement of equipment, economical life of construction equipment.
Earth Moving Equipment Dozers, major components, types, sizes of dozers and their uses. Haulage and output of dozers. Shovels/Excavators, Major components and their function, size, capacity and out put of excavator. Auxiliary equipment like, drag line, clamshell, Rippers ditcher etc.
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Syllabus
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Formation/Finishing Equipment Graders. Major components type and size of graders, operation and output of grades grading and scarification operations. Scrapper. Major components types and size of scraper. Haulage dumping and scrapping operation and output of scrappers. Compaction Equipment. Type and size of rollers, compactors and vibrating rollers etc.
Handling and Transporting Equipment Front End loaders, type and size of loaders, operation and output of FE loaders. Dump Truck. Truck types, sizes. Highway and off the road operation. Output Cranes. Types of cranes, boom size and lifting capacities of cranes. Crushers. Types of crushers, Aggregate production, screening of crush aggregate, output of crusher. Transit Mixers. Types and size of Transit mixer, operation of transit mixers.
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Syllabus
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Batching Plants. Type of batching plants, their installation and functions. Concrete Batching Plant, operation, control and maintenance. Output. Asphalt Batching Plant, Size, operation, control and maintenance. Output
Douglas ,D. G. Calin M. P. and Richard, C. R. ( 2006 ). Construction Equipment Management for Engineers, Estimators and Owners. Taylors and Francis Ltd. b. Peurofy, R. L. and Schexnayder, C. J. ( 2007 ). Construction Planning, Equipment and Methods. McGraw-Hill Inc. c. Y. Paktra and M. Tushnakov. Construction Equipment Operation and maintenance. Newnes-Butterworths Mansoor AzamLondon Qureshi September 22, 2013
Assessment
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ESE 50% OHT 30% Quiz 10% Assignment 10%
Practical Viva
50% 50%
September 22, 2013

Construction Machines

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CONSTRUCTION MACHINES

Mansoor Azam Qureshi NUST

Need for Construction Equipment

To reduce the duration of the process .

Mansoor Azam Qureshi

September 22, 2013