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A Presentation On Steering System & Geometry: by Sourabh Joshi

The document provides an overview of steering systems and geometry. It discusses the functions of steering systems including controlling wheel direction and absorbing shocks. It describes linkage and rack-and-pinion steering systems. Wheel alignment and steering geometry concepts such as camber, caster, and Ackerman steering are explained. Finally, common steering problems like wander, wheel wobble, steering ratio, and reversibility are briefly covered.

Uploaded by

Ankit Omar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
171 views

A Presentation On Steering System & Geometry: by Sourabh Joshi

The document provides an overview of steering systems and geometry. It discusses the functions of steering systems including controlling wheel direction and absorbing shocks. It describes linkage and rack-and-pinion steering systems. Wheel alignment and steering geometry concepts such as camber, caster, and Ackerman steering are explained. Finally, common steering problems like wander, wheel wobble, steering ratio, and reversibility are briefly covered.

Uploaded by

Ankit Omar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A PRESENTATION ON STEERING SYSTEM & GEOMETRY

BY SOURABH JOSHI

TOPIC TO BE COVER UNDER


INTRODUCTION/FUNCTIONS LINKAGE WHEEL ASSEMBLY STEERING GEOMETRY AKERMAN STEERING STEERING PROBLEMS

Steering System
Function of Steering System
Control of front wheel (sometimes rear wheel) direction. Transmit road feel (slight steering wheel pull caused by the road surface) to the drivers hand.
Maintain correct amount of effort needed to turn the wheels. Absorb most of the shock going to the steering wheel as the tire hits holes and bumps in the road. Allow for suspension action.

Steering System
Turning the Car (when turning, front wheels dont point the same direction)

Inside wheel turns at a smaller radius, hence the inside wheel turns at a steeper angle then the outside wheel.

Steering System
Linkage Steering System (Worm Gear)

Steering System
Linkage Steering System (Worm Gear) Parts
Steering Wheel used by the driver to rotate a steering shaft that passes through the steering column.

Steering Shaft transfers turning motion from the steering wheel to the steering gearbox.

Steering Column supports the steering column and steering shaft.

Steering System
Basic Rack-and-Pinion Steering

WHEEL ASSEMBLY
Positioning of wheel is achieved by wheel alignment i.e. by: Directional stability Perfect rolling of wheel Recovery after completing a turn It is used for stability & control of wheel while motion. But while moving straight the wheels should be parallel & in the event they are pointing inwards they are called TOE-IN. whereas if they are pointing outward they are called TOE-OUT.

Steering geometry
CAMBER:- Camber angle is the
angle made by the wheels of a vehicle; specifically, it is the angle between the vertical axis of the wheels used for steering and the vertical axis of the vehicle when viewed from the front or rear. It is used in the design of steering and suspension. If the top of the wheel is farther out than the bottom (that is, away from the axle), it is called positive camber; if the bottom of the wheel is farther out than the top, it is called negative camber.

CASTER:-Caster angle or castor angle is the angular displacement from the

vertical axis of the suspension of a steered wheel in a car, bicycle or other vehicle, measured in the longitudinal direction. It is the angle between the pivot line and vertical. ANGLE BETWEEN THE KING PIN CENTRE LINE & THE VERTICLE IN THE PLANE IF THE WHEEL

Ackerman steering
Ackermann steering geometry is a geometric arrangement of linkages in the steering of a car or other vehicle designed to solve the problem of wheels on the inside and outside of a turn needing to trace out circles of different radius. The intention of Ackermann geometry is to avoid the need for tiers to slip sideways when following the path around a curve.

When the vehicle moves along a

straight path, the longer links AB and CD are parallel and the shorter links BC and AD are equally inclined to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

When the vehicle is moving to the

left, the lines of the front wheel axle intersect on the back wheel axle at I for correct steering.

Steering problems
Wander:- The driver has to adjust the steering constantly to keep the

vehicle direction straight when vehicle is being driven straight , it turns slightly to one side so effort has to provide to steer wheels in another direction Wheel wooble:- The oscillation of front wheel at low speed is wheel wooble its due to unbalancing of wheel assembly Steering ratio:- Ratio of the angle turned by the steering wheel to the angle turned by stub axle. Reversibility:- A steering gear is said to be reversible if by turning the stub axle , it is possible to turn the steering wheel. The reverse can be done by making pitch angle of screw very less & has the advantage that the road shocks not transmitted to steering wheel & for these reason the driver will not experience any kicks in the steering wheel

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