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    Underwater Welding

    Uploaded by

    Umesh Lakra
    This document discusses underwater welding. It provides 3 main points: 1) Underwater welding is used to join steel on offshore oil platforms, pipelines, and ships underwater. It can be done in wet or dry environments. Wet welding is done entirely surrounded by water using a special electrode, while dry welding uses a pressurized chamber filled with breathable gas. 2) Dry welding provides benefits like welder safety, high quality welds, and non-destructive testing capabilities. However, it has higher costs and requires more complex equipment. 3) Risks of underwater welding include electric shock, gas explosions, and health issues from changes in pressure. Safety precautions focus on

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Underwater Welding

    Uploaded by

    Umesh Lakra
    372 views19 pages
    This document discusses underwater welding. It provides 3 main points: 1) Underwater welding is used to join steel on offshore oil platforms, pipelines, and ships underwater. It can be done in wet or dry environments. Wet welding is done entirely surrounded by water using a special electrode, while dry welding uses a pressurized chamber filled with breathable gas. 2) Dry welding provides benefits like welder safety, high quality welds, and non-destructive testing capabilities. However, it has higher costs and requires more complex equipment. 3) Risks of underwater welding include electric shock, gas explosions, and health issues from changes in pressure. Safety precautions focus on

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    This document discusses underwater welding. It provides 3 main points: 1) Underwater welding is used to join steel on offshore oil platforms, pipelines, and ships underwater. It can be done in wet or dry environments. Wet welding is done entirely surrounded by water using a special electrode, while dry welding uses a pressurized chamber filled with breathable gas. 2) Dry welding provides benefits like welder safety, high quality welds, and non-destructive testing capabilities. However, it has higher costs and requires more complex equipment. 3) Risks of underwater welding include electric shock, gas explosions, and health issues from changes in pressure. Safety precautions focus on

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    372 views19 pages

    Underwater Welding

    Uploaded by

    Umesh Lakra
    This document discusses underwater welding. It provides 3 main points: 1) Underwater welding is used to join steel on offshore oil platforms, pipelines, and ships underwater. It can be done in wet or dry environments. Wet welding is done entirely surrounded by water using a special electrode, while dry welding uses a pressurized chamber filled with breathable gas. 2) Dry welding provides benefits like welder safety, high quality welds, and non-destructive testing capabilities. However, it has higher costs and requires more complex equipment. 3) Risks of underwater welding include electric shock, gas explosions, and health issues from changes in pressure. Safety precautions focus on

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    The document discusses the different types, principles, applications and future scope of underwater welding.

    The two main types of underwater welding discussed are wet welding, where the arc and metal are surrounded by water, and dry welding which uses a chamber filled with gas.

    Advantages of wet welding include it being the cheapest and fastest method with high tensile strength. Disadvantages include reduced impact strength and ductility from rapid quenching and risks of hydrogen embrittlement and cracks.

    UNDERWATER WELDING

    GUIDED BYMR. RANJIT KU. AMANTA (HOD) MR. SABYSACHI PRADHAN


    1

    PRESENTED BYDILIP KUMAR RANA MECHANICAL ENGINEERING REGD No-1001346081

    Outline

    Importance Of Underwater Welding Principle Of Operation Classification Wet/Dry Underwater Welding Advantages& Disadvantages Risk Involved & Safety Applications Future Scope References

    Thursday, March 20, 2014

    what is an Under water welding???


    Many of us won't have heard of under water welding but it's actually a very important thing in many industries. Underwater welding includes a lot of different processes that join steel on offshore oil platforms, pipelines & ships etc. under water. At present, underwater welding becomes more sophisticated and can be done deeper. GTAW has been used to weld pipes at depths of 200 ft (61 m)
    4

    Principle of Operation
    The welding circuit must include a positive type of switch, usually
    a knife switch operated on the surface and commanded by the welder and is used for safety reasons.

    When DC is used with +ve polarity, electrolysis will take place


    and cause rapid deterioration of any metallic components in the electrode holder.
    Waterproof Electrode Power Supply Holder

    + electrode

    work

    Knife switch

    For wet welding AC is not used on account of electrical safety


    5

    and difficulty in maintaining an arc underwater

    Underwater welding is classified into two categories 1.Welding in-the-wet environment 2.Welding in-the-dry environment

    Dry welding
    7

    Wet welding

    Welding in the wet environment


    As the name implies, underwater wet welding is done

    in an environment where the base metal and the arc are surrounded entirely by water. In wet welding MMA (manual metal arc welding) is used.

    A special electrode is used and


    welding is carried out manually just as one does in open air welding.

    The increased freedom of


    movement makes wet welding the most effective, efficient and economical method.

    Welding power supply is located


    on the surface with connection to the diver/welder via cables
    8

    Advantages

    cheapest and fastest method tensile strength is high easy of access the weld spot no habitat, no construction, no waste of time
    Disadvantages

    Rapid quenching decreases impact strength,


    ductility

    Hydrogen embrittlement,cracks Poor visibility in water 9

    Hyperbaric(dry) welding

    Hyperbaric welding is a welding in which a chamber is


    sealed around the structure to be welded and is filled with breathable gas(commonly helium containing 0.5 bar of oxygen) at the prevailing pressure. at which the welding is to take place. This method produces high-quality weld joints

    The gas tungsten arc welding process is employed for


    this process. The area under the floor of the Habitat is open to water. Thus the welding is done in the dry but at the hydrostatic pressure of the sea water surrounding the Habitat

    10

    Dry welding

    11

    12

    Advantages of Dry welding

    Welder/diver safety Good quality welds Surface monitoring Non destructive testing
    Disadvantages

    Higher cost of process,training,etc.,. Large quantity of costly and complex


    equipments.

    More deep,more energy is required Cant be weld,if weld spot is at


    unreachable places

    13

    Risk Involved & safety


    Electric shock Explosion. Precautions include achieving adequate electrical

    insulation of the welding equipment, shutting off the electricity supply immediately the arc is extinguished, and limiting the open-circuit voltage of MMA (SMA) welding sets

    Hydrogen and Oxygen are produced during welding. Precautions must be taken to avoid the build-up of pockets

    of gas, which are potentially explosive

    risk is to the life or health of the welder/diver from

    nitrogen introduced into the blood steam during exposure to air at increased pressure. Precautions include the provision of an emergency air or gas supply, stand-by divers, and decompression chambers to avoid nitrogen
    Inspection of welds.
    14

    Application of Underwater Welding Offshore construction for tapping sea


    resources,

    Temporary repair work caused by


    ships collisions or unexpected accidents.

    Salvaging vessels sunk in the sea Repair and maintenance of ships Construction of large ships beyond
    the capacity of existing docks.

    15

    Scope for further developments

    Wet MMA is still being used for underwater


    repairs, but the quality of wet welds is poor and are prone to hydrogen cracking. Dry Hyperbaric welds are better in quality than wet welds. Present trend is towards automation. THOR 1 (TIG Hyperbaric Orbital Robot) is developed where diver performs pipefitting,.

    Developments of driverless Hyperbaric welding


    system is an even greater challenge in developments like pipe preparation and aligning, automatic electrode.

    This is in testing stage in deep waters.


    Explosive and friction welding are also to be tested in deep waters.
    16

    Friction welding (FRW)

    REFERENCE
    Underwater Welding Present Status And

    Future Scope.Jyotsna Dutta Majumdar.Department Of Metallurgical And Materials Engineering, Indian Institute Of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India Annon, Recent Advances In Dry Underwater Pipeline Welding, Welding Engineer, 1974. Lythall, Gibson, Dry Hyperbaric Underwater Welding, Welding Institute.

    17

    ANY QUERIES ?
    18

    THANK YOU

    19

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