Urban Planner

URBAN REGIONAL PLANNING
URBAN PLANNERS
SUBMITTED TO :
AR. TULIKA LADDA
SUBMITTED BY:
PREMA JAIN
PURVA NAMDEO
RICHIKA PALIA
SHAMBHAVI SINGH
Le Corbusier
Originally charles-edouard
jeanneret
1887-1965
A founding father of the
modernist movement
Social engineering
ELEMENTS OF LE CORBUSIERS PLAN
Very high density
1,200 people per acre in skyscrapers
Overcrowded sectors of paris & london ranged from
169-213 pers./Acre at the time
Manhattan has only 81 pers./Acre
120 people per acre in luxury houses
6 to 10 times denser than current luxury housing in the
u.S.
Multi-level traffic system to manage the intensity
of traffic
Access to green space
Between 48% and 95% of the
surface area is reserved for green
space
Gardens
Squares
Sports fields
Restaurants
Theaters

With no sprawl, access to the
protected zone (greenbelt/open
space) is quick and easy
The logic of increasing urban
density
The more dense the population of a city is the less are the
distances that have to be covered.

Traffic is increased by:
The number of people in a city
The degree to which private transportation is more appealing
(clean, fast, convenient, cheap) than public transportation
The average distance people travel per trip
The number of trips people must make each week

The moral, therefore, is that we must increase the density of the
centres of our cities, where business affairs are carried on.
CHANDIGARH
URBAN FORM
Response to the natural setting.
foothills of the Shivalik ranges
He connected the various accents of the
city such as the
Capitol (the HEAD)
The city center (the heart)
The university and the industrial area
(the two Limbs)(wind direction is North-
East)

Considering the distribution of functions,
he decided the hierarchy of the roads and
gave the city its ultimate civic form.

V2s or Jan Marg (Peoples Avenue), was
designed as the ceremonial approach to the
Capitol.

The Madhya Marg (Middle Avenue), cut
across the city, linking the railway station
and the industrial area to the university.
Concept

The hierarchy of open
spaces is prominently
visible in the city
1. At city level
Leisure Valley &
special gardens

2. At sector level
central garden in
each sector

3. Community level
parks around
clusters of houses

4. House level
courtyards, open
spaces in front and
rare side

MARKET AREA
S
T
R
E
E
T
S

Green Spaces

Ebenezer Howard
No training in urban planning or
design
1850-1928
Opposed urban crowding/density
Hoped to create a magnet
people would want to come to
Garden Cities (a British
innovation)
Ebenezer howard: Garden cities of to-morrow
(1902)
Three magnets
Town (high wages, opportunity, and amusement)
Country (natural beauty, low rents, fresh air)
Town-country (combination of both)
Separated from central city by greenbelt
Two actually built in England
Letchworth
Welwyn
Garden Cities
Would combine the
best elements of city
and country
Would avoid the worst
elements of city and
country
Formed the basis of the
earliest suburbs,
Separation from the city
has been lost virtually
every time due to infill
Actual Garden Cities
Letchworth, England
Founded 1903
Barry Parker and
Raymond Unwin,
planners
Welwyn, England
Founded 1920 by E.
Howard
Designed by Louis de
Soissons
Most of the population
now commutes to
London
More Welwyn photos
LEWIS MUMFORD
INDTRODUCTION:
Lewis Mumford (1895-1990) was an American historian and
philosopher of technology and science. Particularly noted for his study
of cities and urban architecture, he had a tremendously broad career as
a writer that also included a period as an influential literary critic.
He was architectural critic for The New Yorker magazine for over thirty
years, and his 1961 book, The City in History, received the National
Book Award. In 1923 Mumford was a cofounder with Clarence Stein,
Benton MacKaye, Henry Wright and others, of the Regional Planning
Association of America, which advocated limited-scale development and
the region as significant for city planning.

THE CULTURE OF THE CITY, 1938:
Mumford was a student of Patrick Geddes.
He was one of the pioneers to advocate the concept of Neighbourhood Unit.
The size of the city is determined by the convenient walking distance for children
between the farthest house and the school and playground in which major part of
their activities are focused.
The school and the home should be isolated from the hazards and the noise
traffic.
The traffic which enters the neighbourhood must be such that it sub serves
directly, moving at a pace that respects the pedestrians.

CEREMONIUS BURIAL - first meeting place
for the living: the home of ancestral spirits

COMMUNICATION & COOPERATION was
significant in the development of city

THE FIRST DEVELOPMENT took around the
temple and sacred compound which act as a
nucleus within the city

URBAN NUCLEUS link to the religious
nucleus by paved way, lined with walls:
surrounded by communities

DEPARTURE from enclosed and heavily
occupied space of orthodox temple
MEDIEVAL ARCHETYPE:
-emphasis on verticality (depiction through
paintings)
- foreshortening the horizontal plane
Examples of URBAN THEORIES
MONASTIC ORDER:
- presence of monasteries in every quarters
were required
- traditional medieval plan was affected by
open spatial order
- ornamental and structural details were quickly
altered
MEDIEVAL OXFORD:
-Threatened by motor roads
- return in the form of research endowments
and buildings
- Oxford University: series of interconnecting
quadrangles with cloisters
- free only to walkers
- college precinct broke by the rigid line up
DOMINANCE & ENCLOSURE:
-Medieval relationship of the church and the community
- baroques attribute in geometry and alignments
- fine example of another facet of medieval enclosure in
Bruges
- variations in buildings with respect to human scale

ORGANIC PLANNING AMSTERDAM:
-Stage 1 : banking and bridging of the amstel
begun; canal and wall protect the town on three
sides
- stage 2: utilization of canals as means of
urban transportation; extension of narrow
blocks parallel to main water artery
- stage 3: establishment of central place, new
streets leading toward it in non-conformity to
original pattern; prevented the symmetrical
completion of the plan in the poorer area
- stage 4: bold spider web plan; semicircular
system of interconnected canals with water
routes and tree lined streets represents fusion of
organic growth and mechanical form
THE URBAN VILLAGE: an example of a
street village, houses connected directly to road
maintaining the inner privacy by large sill
levels , typical plots led to site overcrowding
due to no further developments
THANK YOU

Urban Planner

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Urban Planner

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Urban Planner

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

URBAN REGIONAL PLANNING

You might also like