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    Battery Technology

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    Arunjeet Singh Rainu
    Primary batteries produce current immediately but cannot be reliably recharged. Secondary batteries must be charged before first use and can be recharged by applying electric current to reverse the chemical reactions. Different types of batteries contain toxic materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium which must be disposed of properly through e-waste recycling to prevent environmental damage. Lithium-ion batteries work by having lithium ions move between the anode and cathode during discharge and charge.

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    Battery Technology

    Uploaded by

    Arunjeet Singh Rainu
    683 views10 pages
    Primary batteries produce current immediately but cannot be reliably recharged. Secondary batteries must be charged before first use and can be recharged by applying electric current to reverse the chemical reactions. Different types of batteries contain toxic materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium which must be disposed of properly through e-waste recycling to prevent environmental damage. Lithium-ion batteries work by having lithium ions move between the anode and cathode during discharge and charge.

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    Primary batteries produce current immediately but cannot be reliably recharged. Secondary batteries must be charged before first use and can be recharged by applying electric current to reverse the chemical reactions. Different types of batteries contain toxic materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium which must be disposed of properly through e-waste recycling to prevent environmental damage. Lithium-ion batteries work by having lithium ions move between the anode and cathode during discharge and charge.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    683 views10 pages

    Battery Technology

    Uploaded by

    Arunjeet Singh Rainu
    Primary batteries produce current immediately but cannot be reliably recharged. Secondary batteries must be charged before first use and can be recharged by applying electric current to reverse the chemical reactions. Different types of batteries contain toxic materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium which must be disposed of properly through e-waste recycling to prevent environmental damage. Lithium-ion batteries work by having lithium ions move between the anode and cathode during discharge and charge.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    BATTERY

    TECHNOLOGY

    An electricbatteryis a device
    consisting of one or
    moreelectrochemical cellsthat
    convert stored chemical energy
    into electrical energy. Each cell
    contains a positive terminal,
    orcathode, and a negative
    terminal,
    oranode.Electrolytesallow ions
    to move between the electrodes
    and terminals, which allows
    current to flow out of the battery
    to perform work.

    TYPES OF BATTERIES:

    Primary batteries, can produce current immediately on


    assembly. These are most commonly used in portable
    devices that have low current drain, are used only
    intermittently, or are used well away from an
    alternative power source, such as in alarm and
    communication circuits where other electric power is
    only intermittently available. Disposable primary cells
    cannot be reliably recharged, since the chemical
    reactions are not easily reversible and active materials
    may not return to their original forms. Battery
    manufacturers recommend against attempting to
    recharge primary cells.
    Secondary batteries
    Secondary batteries, also known assecondary cells,
    orrechargeable batteries, must be charged before first
    use; they are usually assembled with active materials
    in the discharged state. Rechargeable batteries are
    (re)charged by applying electric current, which
    reverses the chemical reactions that occur during
    discharge/use. Devices to supply the appropriate
    current are called chargers.

    DRY CELL

    1. brass cap, 2. plastic seal, 3. expansion space, 4.


    porous cardboard, 5. zinc can, 6. carbon rod, 7.
    chemical mixture

    storing the batteries at a low


    temperature, as in arefrigerator
    orfreezer, which slows the side
    reactions. Such storage can
    extend the life of alkaline
    batteries by about 5%;
    rechargeable batteries can hold
    their charge much longer,
    depending upon type.To reach
    their maximum voltage, batteries
    must be returned to room
    temperature; discharging an
    alkaline battery at 250 mA at 0C
    is only half as efficient as at

    BATTERIES:
    Many types of batteries employ toxic
    materials such as lead,mercury,
    andcadmiumas an electrode or
    electrolyte. When each battery
    reaches end of life it must be
    disposed of to prevent environmental
    damage.Battery are one form
    ofelectronic waste(e-waste).
    E-wasterecyclingservices recover
    toxic substances, which can then be
    used for new batteries.
    Of the nearly three billion batteries
    purchased annually in the United
    States, about 179,000 tons end up in

    LI ION BATTERIES:
    In Li-ion batteries, lithium ions
    move from the anode to cathode
    during discharge, and from cathode
    to anode when charging. The
    materials used for the anode and
    cathode can dramatically affect a
    number of aspects of the batterys
    performance, including capacity.

    A major contribution to miniature power


    sources.
    As a button cell it is well suited for hearing
    aids, instruments, photographic
    applications, electronic watches and other
    low power devices.
    Larger size Silver Zinc batteries are used in
    submarines, missiles, underwater and
    aerospace applications.
    Silver Zinc secondary cells being promoted
    as a safer alternative to Lithium cells. Plans
    to mitigate the higher costs by implementing
    a recycling programme.

    Shortcomings
    Uses expensive materials.
    Lower energy density than zinc air.
    Poor low temperature performance.
    Limited cycle life.
    Suffers from dissolving of the Zinc and
    the formation of Zinc dendrites which
    pierce the separator

    Battery recycling:
    Battery recycling is
    arecyclingactivity that aims to
    reduce the number ofbatteriesbeing
    disposed asmunicipal solid waste.
    Batteries contain a number ofheavy
    metalsandtoxicchemicals; their
    dumping has raised concern over risks
    ofsoil contaminationandwater
    pollution.

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