Circles

Pi

Circle words

Rounding
Refresher

Area

Perimeter and
Area of
compound
shapes

Perimeters
of sectors

Area of
Sectors

Volumes of
Cylinders

Volume of
Spheres and
cones

Equation of a
circle 2

Simultaneou
s Equations

Finding the
radius of
sectors
Radius and
Height of
Cylinders
Circle
theorems

Area of
Segments

Equation of a
circle 1

Circle
formulae

Circumferen
ce

Match the words to the definitions

Sector
Segment
Chord
Radius
Arc
Tangent
Diameter
Circumference

The length around the outside of

a circle
A line which just touches a circle
at one point
A section of a circle which looks
like a slice of pizza
A section circle formed with an
arc and a chord
The distance from the centre of a
circle to the edge
The distance from one side of a
circle to the other (through the
centre)
A section of the curved surface of
a circle
HOME
A straight line connecting two

Think
circles
Image that
line
out- the
this
isoutside
the circumference
Think
about
astraightened
line about
around
of a circle

Pi
People noticed that if you divide the circumference of a circle by the
diameter you ALWAYS get the same answer
They called the answer Pi () , which is:
3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197
1693993751058209749445923078164062862089
986280348253421170679
You can use
8214808651328230664709384460955058223172
the button
5359408128481117450284102701938521105559
on your
64462294895493038196
calculator
4428810975665933446128475648233786783165
2712019091456485669234603486104543266482
13393607260249141273

How many digits can you memorise

in 2 minutes?
3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419
71693993751058209749445923078164062862
08998628034825342117067982148086513282
30664709384460955058223172535940812848
11174502841027019385211055596446229489
54930381964428810975665933446128475648
23378678316527120190914564856692346034
86104543266482133936072602491412737245
87006606315588174881520920962829254091
71536436789259036001133053054882046652
1384146951941511609...

Write down pi!

3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419
71693993751058209749445923078164062862
08998628034825342117067982148086513282
30664709384460955058223172535940812848
11174502841027019385211055596446229489
54930381964428810975665933446128475648
23378678316527120190914564856692346034
86104543266482133936072602491412737245
87006606315588174881520920962829254091
71536436789259036001133053054882046652
How did you do? What do you think
1384146951941511609...

the world record is?

Pi website

Pi Story
One way to memorise Pi is to write a Pi-em (pi poem)
where the number of letters in each word is the same as
the number in pi. For example:
Now I, even I, would celebrate in rhymes inept,
the great immortal Syracusan rivall'd nevermore
who in his wondrous lore passed on before
left men his guidance how to circles mensurate.
Can you write one of your own?

HOME

Rounding to Decimal
Places
10 multiple choice
questions

Round to

1 dp

0.34
A)

0.4

B)

0.3

C)

0.35

D)

Round to

1 dp

0.48
A)

0.49

B)

0.4

C)

0.47

D)

0.5

Round to

1 dp

2.75
A)

2.8

B)

2.74

C)

2.7

D)

3.0

Round to

1 dp

13.374
A)

13.0

B)

14.0

C)

13.3

D)

13.4

Round to

1 dp

26.519
A)

25.0

B)

26.6

C)

26.0

D)

26.5

Round to

2 dp

23.1782
A)

23.20

B)

23.18

C)

23.10

D)

23.17

Round to

2 dp

500.8251
A)

500.80

B)

500.8

C)

500.83

D)

500.84

Round to

3 dp

0.00417
A)

0.00417

B)

0.004

C)

0.00418

D)

0.005

Round to

2 dp

4.999
A)

4.99

B)

4.90

C)

5.00

D)

4.98

Round to

4 dp

0.72995
A)

0.7300

B)

0.7390

C)

0.7210

D)

0.7399
HOME

Finding the Circumference

You can find the circumference of a circle by using the formula-

Circumference = x diameter
For Example10cm

Area= x 10
= 31.41592654....
= 31.4 cm (to 1 dp)

You can find the circumference of a circle by using the formula-

Circumference = x diameter
For Example-

10c
m

Area= x 10
= 31.41592654....
= 31.4 cm (to 1 dp)

ANSWERS

25.1c
1a
m
Find the Circumference of a circles with: 12.6c
1. A diameter of :
b
m
a) 8cm
34.6c
b) 4cm
c
m
c) 11cm
d) 21cm
2a 66.0c
37.7cm
e) 15cm
d 201.1c
m
2. A radius of :
b 47.1c m
a) 6cm
b) 32cm
e 113.1c
m
c) 18cm
c
m
d) 24cm
150.8c
e) 50cm
d
m

HOME

Finding the Area

You can find the area of a circle by using the formula-

Area= x Radius2
For Example7cm

Area= x 72
= x 49
= 153.93804
= 153.9 (to 1dp) cm2

Finding the Area

You can find the area of a circle by using the formula-

Area= x Radius2

7cm

For ExampleArea= x 72
= x 49
= 153.93804
= 153.9 (to 1dp) cm2

ANSWERS

2a 12.6
b 78.5
c 15.2
380.
d 314.
1
e

2
153.
f
9
100.
g
5
HOME
h 28.3

Finding the Area of a Sector

To find the area of a sector, you need to work out what fraction of a full
circle you have, then work out the area of the full circle and find the
fraction of that area.

For Example-

The sector here is of a full circle

Find the area of the full circle
7cm

Area= x 72
= x 49
= 153.93804
= DONT ROUND YET!
Then find of that area
of 153.93804 = 115.45353 (divide by
4 and multiply by 3)

Finding the Area of a Sector

Sometimes it is not easy to see what fraction of a full circle you have.
You can work it out based on the size of the angle. If a full circle is
360
, and this sector is 216, the sector is 216/360, which can be simplified
For Exampleto 3/5.
The sector here is 3/5 of a full circle
Find the area of the full circle

216
7cm

Area= x 72
= x 49
= 153.93804
= DONT ROUND YET!
Then find 3/5 of that area
3/5 of 153.93804 = 92.362824 (divide
by 5 and multiply by 3)
= 92.4cm2

Sometimes the fraction cannot be simplified and will stay over 360

Finding the Area of a Sector

The general formula for finding the area is:

Area of sector= Angle of Sector x r2

360
Fraction of
full circle
that sector
covers

of

Area of
full circle

Questions
Find the area of these sectors, to 1 decimal place
1

2
10cm

11cm

260

190

12cm

251

5cm

6.5c
m

166

1
2
4
5
3
6

5
87

ANSWERS

32

226.
9
200.
6
19.0
315.
61.2
4
80.7

17cm

HOME

Finding the Perimeter of a Sector

To find the perimeter of a sector, you need to work out what fraction of a full
circle you have, then work out the circumference of the full circle and find the
fraction of that circumference.
You then need to add on the radius twice, as so far you have worked out the length
of the curved edge

For Example-

The sector here is of a full circle

Find the area of the full circle
7cm

Area= x 14 (the diameter is twice the radius)

= x 49
= 43.982297......
= DONT ROUND YET!
Then find of that circumference
of 43.982297...... = 32.99 cm (2 dp)
Remember to add on 7 twice from the straight

Finding the Area of a Sector

Sometimes you will not be able to see easily what fraction of the full
circle you have.
To find the fraction you put the angle of the sector over 360

250

This sector is 250/360 or

two hundred and fifty,
three hundred and sixtyITHS of the full circle
Simplify if you can

Sometimes the fraction cannot be simplified and will stay over 360

Finding the Perimeter of a Sector

The general formula for finding the area is:

Perimeter of sector= (Angle of Sector x d) + r + r

360

Fraction of full
circle that
sector covers

of

Circumference
of full circle

Dont forget
the straight
sides
This is the
same as d of 2r,
but I like r +r
as it helps me
remember why
we do it

Questions
Find the perimeter of these sectors, to 1 decimal place

2
10cm

11cm

260

190

251

5
87

12cm

5cm

6.5c
m

166

ANSWER
S
1 65.4
2 58.5
3 76.6
4 17.6
5 31.8
6 43.5

32

17cm

HOME

Compound Area and

Perimeter

ill look at shapes made up of triangles, rectangles, semi and quarter cir

d the area of the shape below:

10cm
8cm
10cm

Area of this
rectangle=
8 x10
=80cm2

Area of this semi circle

= r2 2
= x 52 2
= x 25 2
=39.3 cm2 (1dp)
Area of whole shape =
80 + 39.3
= 119.3 cm2

Compound Area and

Perimeter
the perimeter of the shape below:

10cm
8cm
10cm

Perimeter of
this rectangle=
8 + 8 + 10
=26cm
(dont include
the red side)

Circumference of this semi

circle = d 2
= x 10 2
=15.7 cm (1dp)
Perimeter of whole
shape = 26 + 15.7
= 31.7 cm

Compound Area and

Perimeter

d the areaof the shape below:

5cm

Area of this quarter circle = r2 4

= x 52 4
= x 25 4
=19.7 cm2 (1dp)
10cm

11cm

Area of this
rectangle
10 x 11=110

Area of whole shape =

110+ 19.7
= 129.7cm2

Compound Area and

Perimeter
Work out all
missing sides
first
Circumference of this quarter circle
= d 4
= x 10 4 (if radius is 5,
diameter is 10)
=7.9 cm (1dp)

the perimeter of the shape below:

?

5cm
5cm

6cm

10cm

10cm
11cm

Add all the

straight sides=
10+10 + 11+ 5 +
6= 42cm

Area of whole shape =

42+ 7.9
= 49.9cm

Questions

ANSWE
RS
ARE PERIMET
Find the perimeter and area of these shapes,
to 1 decimal

A
ER
place
1 38.1
23.4
2cm
3 4 135.
1
2
27.3
2 129.
0
61.3
12cm
10cm
20cm
5 181.
3
47.7
6cm
3 128.
1
60.8
11cm
4cm
6
5
17cm

4cm

Do not worry about

perimeter here

5cm
12cm

6cm

Do not worry about

perimeter here

10cm
5cm

5cm

10c
m
20cm
HOME

Volume of Cylinders
Here we will find the
volume of cylinders
Cylinders are prisms
with a circular cross
sections, there are
two steps to find the
volume
1) Find the area of the
circle
1) Multiple the area of
the circle by the
height or length of the
cylinder

Volume of Cylinders 2
EXAMPLE- find the
volume of this
cylinder
1) Find the area of
the circle
x r2
x 42
x 16 = 50.3 cm2
(1dp)
2) Multiple
the area of
the circle by the
height or length of the
cylinder
50.3 (use unrounded
answer from
calculator) x 10 =
503cm3

4c
m

10c
m

Questions
Find the volume of these cylinders, to 1 decimal place

4cm
12c
m

2cm

3cm

10c
m

5
11.3c
m

7cm
14c
m

ANSWER
5cm
1 S603.2
2 282.7
1178.
15c
3
1
m
4 142.0
2155.
5
1
6 508.9
3cm
18c
m
HOME

Volume of Cylinders 2
EXAMPLE- find the
height of this cylinder
1) Find the area of
the circle
x r2
x 42
x 16 = 50.3 cm2
(1dp)
2) Multiple
the area of
the circle by the
height or length of the
cylinder
50.3 x h = 140cm3
Rearrange this to give
h= 140 50.3
h=2.8 cm

4c
m
h

Volume=
140cm3

Volume of Cylinders
EXAMPLE- find the
radius of this cylinder

1) Find the area of

the circle
x r2
2) Multiple the area of
the circle by the
height or length of the
cylinder
x r2 x 30 = 250cm3
94.2... x r2 = 250
Rearrange this to give
r2 = 250 94.2
r2 =2.7 (1dp)
r= 1.6 (1dp) cm

30c
m

Volume=
250cm3

Questions

ANSWE
RS
1 6.4
2 4.2
Find the volume of these cylinders, to 1 decimal place
3 1.3
4 2.3
3
4cm
1
2
3cm
5cm 5 1.8
6 1.9
h

volume=
320cm3

volume=
120cm3
5
r

r
12cm
volume=
200cm3

volume=
100cm3
6
r
14c
m

volume=
150cm3

8cm
volume=
90cm3
HOME

Volume of Spheres
The formula for the
volume of a sphere is

e.g
A= 4/3 x x 103
A= 4/3 x x 1000
A=4188.8 cm3 (1 dp)

10c
m

Volume of Cones
The formula for the
volume of a cone is

e.g
A= 1/3 x x 42 x 10
A= 1/3 x x 16 x 10
A=167.6 cm3 (1 dp)

10c
m

4c
m

Questions

ANSWER
S
1 4188.8

33510.
2
3
Find the volume of these spheres, to 1 decimal place
3
4 523.6
201.1
5 122.5
3
1
2
6 1272.3
10c
m

20c
m

5c
m

5
12cm

13cm

4cm

3cm

15cm

9cm

HOME

Circles
Theorems
Angle at the
centre

Angles
connected
by a chord

Triangles
made with a
diameter or
radii

Cyclic
Quadrilateral
s
Tangents

Double Angle
The angle at the centre of a circle is twice the
angle at the edge
Example

Angle x = 50
x2
x=100

50

1
Answers
1) 50
2)120
3)180
4)50
5)67.5
6)80
4

25

60

90

100

135

160

HOME

Triangles inside circles

A triangle containing a diameter, will be a right angled
triangle
A triangle containing two radii, will be isosceles
90

3
72

Answers
x
1) X=30
2)x=18
3)x=45
4)X=40
y=40
5)x=30 y=
1201
6)x=22 x
y=136

60

22

100

y
30

y
x

HOME

Angles connected by a chord

Angles connected by a chord are equal

x
x

25

Answers
1) x=25 y=15
2)x=125 y=
40 z=15
3)x=10
4)X=105y=70
y=40
z=100
z=354
5)x=53 y= 30
z=72
6)x=85y y=80
x
z=17
z

10
x

40
x

15

z 100

125

15
y

5
6
z

40
35

x
25

30

53

x
17
80

95
z

HOME

Tangents to a circle
A tangent will always meet a radius at 90

90

2
x

35

x
140

3
x

40
z

120

x
y
y

HOME

Cyclic Quadrilaterals
Opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilaterals add up
to 180

100

60

x
y

100 + y = 180
y=80
60 + x = 180
x = 120

1
95

3
54

110

20

y
x
y

Answers
4
1) x=70
y=85
2)x=126
y=105
4)w=15 x=70
3)x=100
y=65 z= 25
y=160
5)a=60
b=36

75

80

5
15

25

70

a
w
4b

z
x

2a

HOME

Area of Segments

we will look at finding the area of sectors

will need to be able to do two things:

1) Find the area of a sector using

the formula-

2) Find the area of a triangle

using the formulaArea= absinC

Area of sector= Angle of Sector x r2

360

a
C
b

Examplefind the area of the blue segment

Step 1- find the area of the whole secto

Area= 100/360 x x r2
= 100/360 x x 102
=100/360 x x 100
=87.3cm2

10cm

100

10cm

Step 2- find the area of the triangle

Area= absinC
=1/2 x 10 x 10 x sin100
= 49.2cm2
Step 3- take the area of the
triangle from the area of the
segment
87.3 49.3 = 38 cm2

Examplefind the area of the blue segment

Step 1- find the area of the whole secto

Area= 120/360 x x r2
= 120/360 x x 122
=120/360 x x 144
=150.8cm2

12cm

120

12cm

Step 2- find the area of the triangle

Area= absinC
=1/2 x 12 x 12 x sin120
= 62.4cm2
Step 3- take the area of the
triangle from the area of the
segment
150.8 62.4 = 88.4 cm2

Questions

ANSWE
RS
175.1
229.5
Find the area of the blue segments, to 1 decimal place
4 201.
8.3
3
1
3
551.8
1
2
10cm
633.0
85 11cm
170 12cm
130

5
95

5cm

160

6.5c
m

65 17cm
HOME

Finding the Radius or angle of a Sector

r
100

Area=200cm
2

10cm

Area= 100 x
x r2
360
200= 100 x x
r2
360

Area=15
0 x x r2
Area=
360
150= x x
102
360

200x360 = r2
100 x

150x360 =
102 x

229.2=r2

117.9=

Questions
Find the missing radii and angles of these sectors, to 1
place

2
r

200

250

Area=120c
m2
5

5cm

Area=35c
m2

4 4
122.
5 1
6 47.6

175

Area=100c
m2

ANSWE
RS
1 7.6
decimal
2 8.3
3 160.
5.4

6.5c
m

Area=45c

Area=50c
m2
17cm

Area=120c
m2

HOME

The Equation of a Circle

The general equation for a circle is (x-a)2 + (yb)2=r2

This equation will

give a circle whose
centre is at (a,b)
and has a radius of r

For example a circle has the equation (x-2)2 + (y3)2=52

This equation will

give a circle whose
centre is at (2,3) and

The Equation of a Circle

A circle has the equation (x-5)2 + (y-7)2=16

This equation will give a circle

whose centre is at (5,7) and has a
radius of 4 (square root of 16 is 4)
For example a circle has the equation (x+2)2 +
(y-4)2=100

This equation will give a

circle whose centre is at (2,4) and has a radius of 10

You could
think of this
as (x - -2)2

The Equation of a Circle

A circle has the equation (x-5)2 + (y-7)2=16
What is y when x is 1?
(1-5)2 + (y-7)2=16
12+ (y-7)2=16
1+ (y-7)2=16
(y-7)2=15
y-7= 3.9 (square root of 15 to 1 dp)
y= 73.9
y= 10.9 or 3.1
There are two coordinates on the circle with
x=1, one is (1,10.9) and the other is (1,3.1)

The Equation of a Circle

1) Write down the coordinates of the centre point and radius of each of these

Answers
1a) r=4 centre
a) (x-5)22 + (y-7)22=16
(5,7)
b) r=6 centre
b) (x-3)22 + (y-8)22=36
Answers
(3,8)
c) (x+2)22 + (y-5)22=100
2) 16
c)
r=4
centre
(2
2
2
2
d) (x+2) + (y+5) =49
3)Circumference =
2,5)
25.1 Area=50.3
e) (x-6)22 + (y+4)22=144
d) r=10 centre (4)Circumference =
f) x22 + y22=4
2,-5)
25.1 Area=50.3
2
2
2
2
g) x + (y+4) =121
e) r=7 centre (6,5) Circles have the
4)
h) (x-1)22 + (y+14)22 -16=0
same radius but
different centres,
f) r=12 centre
i)
(x-5)22 + (y-9)22 -10=15
they are translations
(0,0)
2) What is the diameter of a circle with the equation (x-1) 22 + (y+3)22 =64
g) r=411centre
3) Calculate the area and circumference of the circle with the equation (x-5) 22 +
(0,-4)
2
(y-7)2=16
h) r=4 centre (1,4) Calculate the area and perimeter of14)
the circle with the equation (x-3) 22 + (yi) r=5 centre
5)22=16
6a) x= 11.5
5) Compare your answers to question(5,9)
3 and 4, what do you notice, can you
or -7.5
explain this?
HOME
b) y=11.3 or
circles:

The Equation of a Circle 2

Here we will look at rearranging equations to find properties of the
circle they represent

Remember- The general equation for a circle is (x-a)2 +

(y-b)2=r2

The skill you will need is called

completing the square, you may have
used it to solve quadratic equations

The Equation of a Circle 2

Example
x2 + y2 -6x 8y =0
Create two brackets and put x in one and y in
the other

(x
) 2 + (y
)2 =
0
Half the coefficients of x and y and put them into the
brackets, and then subtract those numbers squared

(x -3) 2 + (y - 4) 2 32 - 42=
Tidy this up
(x -3) 2 + (y - 4) 2 25= 0
(x -3) 2 + (y - 4) 2 = 25

0This circle has a

radius of 5 and
centre of (3,4)

The Equation of a Circle 2

Example
x2 + y2 -10x 4y- 7 =0
Create two brackets and put x in one and y in
the other

(x
) 2 + (y
)2 =
0
Half the coefficients of x and y and put them into the
brackets, and then subtract those numbers squared

(x -5) 2 + (y - 2) 2 52 22 0
Tidy this up
(x -5) 2 + (y - 2) 2 36= 0

7=
This circle has a
radius of 6 and
centre of (5,2)

The Equation of a Circle 2

You must always make sure the coefficient of x2
and y2 is 1
You may have to divide through 2x2 + 2y2 -20x
8y- 14 =0
Divide by 2 to give x2 + y2 -10x 4y- 7 =0
Then put into the form x2 + y2 -10x 4y- 7 =0

Questions
Put this equations into the form (x-a)2 + (y-b)2=r2
then find the centre and radius of the circle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

x2 + y2 -8x 4y- 5 =0
x2 + y2 -12x 6y- 4 =0
x2 + y2 -4x 10y- 20 =0
x2 + y2 -10x 14y- 7 =0
x2 + y2 -12x 2y- 62 =0
2x2 +2y2 -20x 20y- 28 =0
3x2 + 3y2 -42x 24y- 36 =0
5x2 + 5y2 -100x 30y- 60 =0

Answers
1) r=5 centre
(4,2)
2) r=7 centre
(6,3)
3)
r=7 centre
Answers
(2,5)
5) r=10 centre
4)
r=9 centre
(6,1)
(5,7)
6) r=8 centre (5,5)
7) r=8 centre (6,4)
8) r=11 centre
(10,3)

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Simultaneous Equations
A circle has the equation (x-5)2 + (y-7)2=16 and
a line has an equation of y=2x+1, at what points
does the line intercept the circle?
We need to substitute into the equation of the circle so that we only
have xs or ys
Because y=2x +1 we can rewrite the equation of the circle but
Ways to solve
instead of putting y in well write 2x+1
quadratic
equationsCompleting the square
Factorising
The Quadratic formula

So,
(x-5)2 + (2x-1-7)2=16
(x-5)2 + (2x-8)2=16 expand the brackets
x2-10x + 25 + 4x2 32x +64 = 16 simplify and make one side 0
5x2 -42x + 73=0 solve this quadratic equation to find x,
Put the value / values of x into y=2x+1 to find the coordinates of
the intercept / intercepts to answer the question

Simultaneous Equations
A quadratic equation can give 1,2 or no
solutions, a line can cross a circle at 1,2 or no
points

1 solution to the
quadraticThe line is a
tangent

2 solutions to the
quadratic

0 solutions to the
quadratic the
circle and the line
never meet

Intercepts between lines and

1) Find out whether thesecircles
circles and lines intercept, if they
do find the coordinates of the interceptions
a) (x-5)2 + (y-7)2=16

and

b) (x-3)2 + (y-8)2=36

and

c) (x+2)2 + (y-5)2=100

and

d) (x+2)2 + (y+5)2=49

and

e) (x-6)2 + (y+4)2=144

and

y=3x-1ANSWERS

(all have
y=2x-2 been rounded)
(3.6,9.8
y=3x
+3
)
and (2.2,5.6)
2y+4=x
(7.2,12.
y -3x3)=5
and (2,2)
(3.5,13.
4)
and (-2.7,-5)
(0.4,3.3) and (-6.4,-8.9)
(4.6,6.9) and (-4.6,-8.9)
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Circle Formulae

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