SD0001 - Sales & Distribution Overview - v1.

India SAP CoE, Slide 1

A
S

SD Overview
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SD Overview
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In this course, we will cover 3 main sub-topics which are:
1.
2.
3.

Purpose
Use
Challenges

India SAP CoE, Slide 4

Sales & Distribution?

The exchange of
goods or services
for an amount of
money or its
equivalent
The process of
making the
products or
services delivered
to the customers
India SAP CoE, Slide 5

Distribution

Purpose
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

The primary responsibility of the Sales department is to book

orders & generate revenue for the Organization.
The employees in a Sales Department interact with the
Customers, answer to their queries, provide them estimates, give
updates on availability of products, based on the buying pattern
of the customers offer appropriate products and perform order
entry in the system, maintain basic information about the
customers and product & services that they consume.
Sales people need to have knowledge about taxation, promotional
campaigns, credit & risk management policies etc.
Products are sold or sent to business partners or services are
performed for them. Information about the products and services
as well as about the customers is the basis for sales processing
However, in order to reach the goods to the end customer lot
more information is required. This information includes but is not
limited to schedule for supplies, packing, transportation and so
on.

SD is much more than Sales Orders

India SAP CoE, Slide 6

Sales & Distribution

Know your customers
Know your Products / Service offerings
Define terms of business
Build utilities
Book Orders
Deliver Goods / Perform services
Billing
Get

India SAP CoE, Slide 7

Use
A customer is a
business partner with
whom you exchange
goods and services Customer

Interaction

Sales order is a contractual agreement

between the organization and a
customer about delivering products or
providing a service for defined prices,
quantities and times.

Order
Booking
Terms & Conditions

Billing &
Collection
Billing represents the
final processing stage
for a business
transaction

Information about prices,

taxation, attributes of products &
services

Execution
Real time information about availability of
products. Shipping is an important part of
the logistics chain in which guaranteed
customer service and distribution planning
support play major roles.

Sales & Distribution people are involved in several activities

India SAP CoE, Slide 8

Challenges
Who are my customers and where they are?
What do they buy? How much?
What are the open transactions with them?

What is my product range?

Is it available? When?
When can it be delivered?
What are the prices? Can I offer any discount?
Which promotional offers are on?
What are the taxes and legal requirements?
What is my order booking value for this month?
How much is my receivables overdue amount?
Which region is showing growth?

India SAP CoE, Slide 9

Challenges

Number & value of

orders received &
processed
Order
Entry team

Customer details,
Inquiries, Complaints,Customer
Disputes
Facing team

Data
Management team
Prices, Costs, Taxes,
Offers, Validity
periods

Billing &
Collection Team
Prices, Costs, Taxes,
Offers, Validity
periods

Warehousing & supply

Availability of products
Transporters & transportation costs,
materials handling & packing
Islands of data

India SAP CoE, Slide 10

SD Overview
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Overview of Sales & Distribution

Integration
Revenue Recognition, Manufacture
to Order, Inventory Management

Special Processes
Sale from stock, Consignments,
Rejections & returns

Utilities

Standard Processes

Availability Check, Printing,

Taxes, Credit

Opportunities, Sales,
Shipping, Billing

Organization Structure
Organizational structure is the way in which
the interrelated groups of an organization
are constructed
India SAP CoE, Slide 12

Master Data
Data which is used long-term in SAP System
for several business processes. For example
Customers, Materials, Prices

Organization Structure
Accounting
& legal

Factory &
warehousing
To monitor the stock of material
it is necessary to be able to store
in the system the locations at
which materials are kept.

India SAP CoE, Slide 13

Independent Accounting
Units that are legally
Independent from each
Other.

Sales &
shipping
Selling units responsible for
Sale & distribution of goods
& services for specified distribution
Chains & collection of products

Organization Structure

In the SAP R/3 System the legal and organizational structure of your company is
represented. You can also structure from the point of view of accounting, manufacturing &
inventory , and sales and distribution.

Distribution
Channel
Sales
organization

Division
0001
1000
01
10
01
00

Sales Area

Sales Office

Sales Group

An enterprise structure is mapped to SAP applications using organizational units.

Organizational units handle specific business functions.

India SAP CoE, Slide 14

Master Data
Customers
A company has contact with its business partners, who are
customers & contact persons. Data on each of these and
on the company's personnel is stored in a separate master
record.

Materials

Customer-Material Info
Record

Products and services are

combined in the SAP R/3
System
under
the
term
material.
All
information
necessary
for
the
management of a material and
its stocks, as well as its use,
is maintained in the so-called
material master record. This
includes, for example, data on
purchasing, on sales and on
storage.

Data on a material defined for

one specific customer is
stored in the customer
material information records.
If one of your customers
uses a number for a material,
which
differs
from the
number your company uses
to identify it, you can store
the material number used by
the customer in the customer
material information record.

India SAP CoE, Slide 15

Master Data

Utilities
The most important SD basic functions are:
Pricing

The condition technique refers to the method by which the system

determines prices from information stored in condition records. Various
elements used in the condition technique are set up and controlled in
Customizing. During sales order processing, the system uses the
condition technique to determine a variety of important pricing
information.

Text Processing
In a business relationship, it is essential that business partners exchange
information throughout the logistics chain. In sales and distribution, this
exchange of information is supported by texts in master records and
documents. You can maintain these texts for Customer or Material
Masters or define them so that they can be used more flexibly. Example:
Sales Notes for Customers, Shipping Instructions in Deliveries
Output
Determination

India SAP CoE, Slide 16

The Output Determination component offers output functions for sales,

shipping, transportation, and billing to help you manage sales
transactions with your customers and within your company. Output types
are used to represent various forms of output in the SAP system.
Examples of output types in Sales and Distribution processing are order
confirmations, freight lists, and invoices.

Utilities
Important SD basic functions continued.:
Free Goods

Material
Determination

Cross Selling

Material Listing
and Exclusion

India SAP CoE, Slide 17

If you grant free goods to a customer, you can implement automatic free goods
determination. The system automatically create a free goods item in the sales
order. The item is free of charge. For inclusive free goods, the main item is
automatically reduced by the free goods quantity. For exclusive free goods, the
quantity of the main item remains the same.
In the standard order processing cycle, a customer requests a specific product
that you then ship. In reality, however, there are situations where you want to
substitute the product ordered with an alternative, for example a product that is
repackaged for Christmas, or with a free sample or coupon.
Retailers frequently use cross selling to increase sales. When a customer
orders an article over the phone, the order taker can suggest additional articles
that the customer might buy. For example, if the customer orders a VCR, you
might suggest purchasing some blank tapes; for a cellular phone, a leather
carrying case.
Material listing and exclusion lets you control which materials specific customers
may or may not buy. For example, if you create a material listing for a specific
customer, the customer can only order products from that list. You can also
create a master record for material exclusion for a particular customer. Then the
customer can not order excluded materials from you.

Standard Processes in SD
The customer may later place an order and you create a sales order with
reference to the quotation. You ship the goods by creating a delivery.
The customer is billed by creating and Invoice referring to the delivery
document.
A customers
inquiry (even
if telephonic)
is created in
the system.
If the
customer
requests a
quotation, it
can be
created by
referring to
the inquiry.
India SAP CoE, Slide 18

After
delivery, the
customer
claims credit
for damaged
goods and
you create a
free-ofcharge
delivery with
reference to
the sales
order.

Standard Processes in SD

It is possible to create a Sales Order by referring to a Quotation or

also as an independent document.

Where necessary, a reference to a preceding document can be set

as mandatory. For example Returns Order

Customer complaints about damaged products can be handled

through subsequent free delivery or also via a Credit Note.

The entire chain of documents the inquiry, the quotation, the sales
order, the delivery, the invoice, and the subsequent delivery free of
charge creates a document flow or history.

India SAP CoE, Slide 19

Special Process in SD
Consignment
Fill Up

Delivery

PO

Goods Issue

Sales Order

Pur Req

Pur Order

1
2

Goods
PO with Vendor

Consignment
Fill Up

Delivery

Goods Issue

Vendor Invoice

Billing
Document

Billing

Invoice to Customer

MM Invoice

Qty

Consignment: Customers store the

Third Party: You may need to let a

consignment goods at their own

warehouses. The customer can access
the goods in the consignment
warehouse at any time. They are only
billed for the goods when they are
removed from the warehouse and
only for the actual quantities taken
from the warehouse.

vendor deliver items you would

normally deliver yourself. You pass the
order along to a third-party vendor
who then ships the goods directly to
the customer and bills you. You then
create an Invoice for the customer
based on the quantity billed to you by
the vendor

India SAP CoE, Slide 20

Special Process in SD
Make-to-order production is a

Rush Order document type

process in which a product is

individually manufactured for a
particular customer. In make-to-order
production a material is created only
once though the same or a similar
production process might be repeated
at a later time.

ensures that Delivery is created

automatically in background. This is
relevant where customer picks up the
goods directly. Once the billing
documents are created, invoice
papers are printed and sent to the
customer.

Configurable materials in
Sales Documents are complex
products that can produced in
different variants. For example, cars
have different paintwork, upholstery
and different-sized engines. You can
configure a product depending on the
Customers requirement.
India SAP CoE, Slide 21

Returnable packaging consists

of materials that are stored at the
customer location but which remain
the property of your company. The
customer is only required to pay you
for the returnable packaging if he
does not return it to you by a
specified time. for example pallets.

Integration
Sales Support
MM
FI

PP
CO

Sales

Materials Management
Production Planning
Controlling
Financial Accounting

MM

Master Data

Shipping
FI

Billing

FI

CO

India SAP CoE, Slide 22

Materials Management
Financial Accounting

Financial Accounting
Controlling

Integration with FI
Billing data in invoices, credit and debit memos is forwarded to Financial
Accounting. When you create a billing document, the system automatically
creates all relevant accounting documents for:

General Ledger
Profitability Analysis
Profit Centre Accounting
Accounting

Other important areas of integration with FI are:

Credit
Management

Credit Management enables you to minimize the credit risk by specifying a specific credit
limit for your customers. Thus you can take the financial pulse of a customer and enhance
your credit-related decision-making. You can specify at which critical points (for example
order entry, delivery, goods issue) the system carries out these checks

Intercompany
Billing

A sales organization creates a sales order for ordering goods from a plant assigned to
another company code. The plant in the delivering company code delivers the goods to the
customer. Because the two companies balance their accounts independently, the delivering
company must bill the ordering company for the goods.

Down Payment

Down payments are payments made before completion of the product, with no interest.
Normally, down payment agreements are made for producing and delivering goods to
customers in the capital goods, or plant engineering and construction industries.

Account
Determination

Revenue Account Determination is a process by which Accounts to which prices, discounts

and surcharges are posted.

India SAP CoE, Slide 23

Integration MM & PP
Material requirements planning is informed of quantities which sales and
distribution require to be able to deliver orders received. If sufficient quantities are
not available to cover the requirements, purchase orders, for example, can be
created in purchasing on the basis of transfer of requirements within automatic
planning.
Availability
When you enter a sales order, you can only confirm the delivery of the goods for the
Check &
required delivery date if the goods are available for all the necessary processing
Transfer of
Requirements activities which take place before delivery. The shipping department must ensure that
freight forwarding or another shipping company is advised early enough so that
sufficient time remains for packing and loading to be carried out. An availability check
can be carried out on the deadline date for availability for the goods. The
procurement department must ensure that the production and purchasing
departments are advised of inadequate stock quantities so that goods can either be
produced punctually or ordered.

Goods movement is a transaction resulting in a change in stock. When posting a

goods movement in the SAP System, a Material Document & Accounting document
are created.

Goods
Movements

A document must be generated and stored in the system for every transaction/event
that causes a change in stock. For example, Issue of goods to customer for sale or
for Consignment has different implications on stocks & cost, which is controlled via
Movement Types.

India SAP CoE, Slide 24

SD Overview
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SAP Screen Elements

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Organisational Structure - Definition

Organisational Structure consists of the following:
Company Code is smallest organizational unit of external
accounting which forms the top of the sales and
distribution chain

Balance
Sheet

Sales Organisation is responsible for the sale and distribution of

goods and services which represents the selling unit as a legal
entity and is responsible for product guarantees and other
rights to recourse. It is highest in the sales and distribution
chain

Distributional Channel represents the channel through

which sellable materials or services reach customers

Division is a collection of Product groups.

A material belongs to exactly one division
only.

India SAP CoE, Slide 27

Organisational Structure - Definition

Sales Organisation

Sales Area is the set-up that combines sales

organisation, distributional channel and division

Distribution Channel

Division

Sales Office is the geographical

aspects of the organization in
business development and sales

Sales Group is the staff of a Sales office

India SAP CoE, Slide 28

Organisational Structure - Definition

Plant is the place
where material
movements take place.
(manufacturing
or storage)

Shipping Point is responsible for

scheduling and processing inbound & out-bound deliveries.

India SAP CoE, Slide 29

Organisational Structure - Assignment

Organisational Units defined in Sales and Distribution Module need to be logically assigned to one another to
form a proper hierarchy.
Rules for Assignment:
One or more Sales Organisations can be assigned to a Company Code but each Sales Organization belongs to
one & only one company code.
One or more Plant can be assigned to a Company Code but each Plant belongs to one & only one company code.
One or more combination of Sales Organisation and Distributional Channel can be assigned to a Plant.
If the Plant and Sales Organization belong to different company codes then the Sales transaction is categorized
as Inter-company
One or more Shipping Points can be assigned to a Plant. Similarly, one or more Plants can be assigned to a
Shipping Point.

India SAP CoE, Slide 30

Organisational Structure - Example

Define

Assign

Menu Path for Configuration:

Display IMG Enterprise Structure Definition Sales and Distribution
Display IMG Enterprise Structure Assignment Sales and Distribution
India SAP CoE, Slide 31

Master Data Material Master

Calssi
fication

Basic
Data

Same Material is used by

different Department, hence
material has many Views.

Material
Planning
Stock
Plant/Sloc

Forecast

Material
Master

Quality

Accounting

Work
Schedule

Storage

S&D
Purchasing

Ware
house

Additional Data
UOM

Addition Document
EAN
Data

India SAP CoE, Slide 32

In Material Master some views

are maintained at Client Level
where as the others are
maintained at other Org level like
Plant Level.
The data in Material Masters are
either descriptive (name, size,
etc) or can control certain
functions (material grp,
procurement key).

Material Master
Text

Material Master has main view

(Basic Data, MRP, Purch. Org)
and Additional Views (UOM, Text,
etc)

Consumption

Material Master has apprx. 800

fields.

Master Data Material Master

India SAP CoE, Slide 33

Master Data Material Master

Transactions,
MM01 - Create Material MM02 - Change Material
MM03 - Display Material MM06 - Flag Material for Deletion
MM17 Mass Maintenance of Material

India SAP CoE, Slide 34

Master Data Material Master

Materials type is a SAP way of grouping materials with same basic
attributes.
DIEN

Services

LEIH

Returnable packaging

FERT

Finished products

NLAG

Non-stock materials

HALB

Semifinished products

ROH

Raw materials

HAWA

Trading goods

UNBW

Nonvaluated materials

KMAT

Configurable materials

VERP

Packaging

Material Type controls:

Whether the material number can be assigned internally or externally
Which screens appear and in what sequence
Which fields are mandatory, optional, display or suppressed on each
of these screens.
Default values for certain fields such as procurement type & Item
Category group
Value and/or Quantity update requirement for a material
Logistics General Material Master Basic Settings Material Types
India SAP CoE, Slide 35

Master Data Customer Master

CUSTOMER
MASTER
Sales Area
Data

General
Data

Company Code
Data

Data on the client level can be used by all company codes

India SAP CoE, Slide 36

Master Data Customer Master

General Data

Company Code
Data

Sales Area Data

Address

Account Management

Sales

Control Data

Payment Transactions

Shipping

Marketing

Correspondence

Billing

Payment Transactions

Insurance

Partner functions

Unloading Points
Contact Person

India SAP CoE, Slide 37

Master Data Customer Master

Transactions,
XD01 - Create Customer (complete) XD02 - Change Customer (complete)
VD01 Create Customer ( S&D)
VD02 - Change Customer (S&D)
FD01 Create Customer ( FI)
FD02 - Change Customer (FI)
XD03 - Display Customer (complete) VD05 - Block Customer
VD03 - Display Customer (S&D)
FD03 - Display Customer (FI)

India SAP CoE, Slide 38

Master Data Customer Master

Account Group is a classification of customer master record,
Sold-to Party

Ship-to Party
Customer

Bill-to Party

Payer

Account Group controls,

Which fields in the master record are required or optional
Number range for the customer account number (external or
internal)
Whether it is one-time account
Default value for pricing procedure indicator
Logistics General Business Partner Customers Control
India SAP CoE, Slide 39

Master Data Customer Material info

If the customer uses a different identifier than the one the business uses for the
material, this can be included in a customer material information

Uniquely identifies the material

from the customer's point of view
Customer material info can also
include shipping specific data like
plant, delivery tolerances, partial
delivery details etc
The user can simplify the data
entry process by using a
customer-material info record
during sales processing
VD51 Create
VD52 Change
VD53 - Disply
India SAP CoE, Slide 40

Utilities Pricing
Condition Types

Pricing Elements
Prices

Material Price,
Customer Price

PR00 - Price

Discount /
Surcharges

Material Group
Discount,
Material Discount

K029 Material Group discount

K004 Material discount

Freight

Incoterms part1

KF00 - Freight

Taxes

Taxes

MWST Output tax

All of the pricing elements that you use in your day-to-day pricing procedures the prices, surcharges, discounts, freight charges, and taxes - are defined in the
R/3 system as condition types.
During sales order entry, the system can calculate prices automatically by
finding a gross price, deducting all the relevant discounts and adding any
surcharges such as freight and sales tax.
Depending on the pricing policies of your company, you may be able to change
prices manually during sales order processing. You may, for example, be able to
enter or change certain discounts within a specified range.

India SAP CoE, Slide 41

Utilities Pricing

Pricing is a broad term to describe the calculation of prices. The pricing

conditions include,
Price
Discount / surcharge
Freight
Taxes
A data record that stores a condition is called condition
record
Condition records can be maintained at any level
eg: customer, material, material group, customer group
Pricing condition records will have validity periods, upper & lower limits
and also scales

India SAP CoE, Slide 42

Utilities Texts
Customer Master

Central Texts

Financial Accounting Texts

Material Master

Customer Material
Info

Sales order
----------------------------

India SAP CoE, Slide 43

Sales & Distribution Texts

Basic Texts

Sales Texts

Contact Person Texts

Purchase Texts

Customer material Texts

Header Texts

Item Texts

Utilities Text
Master Data

Document (sales / delivery / Billing)

Header
Master

Customer Master Material Master Customer Material

Central Texts
Basic texts
info
S&D texts
Sales text
Info Record texts
Contact person texts
PO Text

Item

Material Sales text

Header Text
Packing note
Header notice
Shipping requirements
Shipping requirements
Contractual requirements

Texts are proposed from the master records in the sales and distribution
documents, if you have made the appropriate setting.
You can integrate standard texts into the sales and distribution documents.
Texts can be copied from a reference sales and distribution document into
another sales and distribution document (e.g. from an inquiry into a sales order
or from an order into a delivery).
The copying of texts can be made language dependent, if required.
You can change copied texts
In a Sales Document Texts can be maintained as Header or Item Text

India SAP CoE, Slide 44

Utilities Output

Output types are used to represent various forms of output in the SAP
system. Examples of output types in Sales and Distribution processing
are order confirmations, freight lists, and invoices.
You can also choose Extras Output Header or Item Print
Preview on the overview screen of the sales document.
You can send output documents more than once. This can be useful if,
for example, there are technical or other problems when you print an
output document the first time.

India SAP CoE, Slide 45

Utilities Output Determination

Output
Master data
Output type:
Partner Function
Transmission
Medium
Time
Language

Sales order
Output
determination

Output type: Order confirmation

Transmission: Print
Partner Function: SP 1000
Time: Immediately
Language: EN
PRINT

Order Confirmation
-- - - - -- - - - -

India SAP CoE, Slide 46

Utilities Free Goods

Inclusive

The customer only pays for some of the goods requested. The rest of the
goods are free of charge. Two out of eight eggs are free goods.
Therefore, if you order 8 eggs, 8 will be delivered and you will not be
charged for 2 of them. So in this case, you have ordered an inclusive
bonus quantity.

2 from 8

Exclusive

Exclusive
different
material

The customer pays for the goods ordered and is given extra goods free
of charge. The exclusive bonus quantity is also called exclusive free
goods and means that in addition to the purchase order, a certain
quantity of materials are guaranteed as free goods. In other words, a
larger quantity is delivered than is ordered, whereby no charge is made
for the additional quantity delivered.

3+1

The materials delivered as free goods do not necessarily have to be the

same as the materials orders. When a customer orders 3 large trays of
eggs, the customer would be offered a chicken for free!

3+1

The free goods quantity can be defined as a quantity proportional to the sold quantity.
For the delivery you can control whether the free goods are processed independently
or whether they are only copied to the delivery for partial delivery or full delivery.

India SAP CoE, Slide 47

Utilities Free Goods

Screen display

VBN1 Create Free goods

VBN2 Change Free goods
VBN3 Display Free goods
India SAP CoE, Slide 48

Utilities Cross Selling

You can set up the system so that if a customer orders a specific

article, a list of other suggested articles appears as well.
Cross selling articles can be delivered independently of their
corresponding main articles in the sales order, or the cross selling
articles can only be shipped either together with or after the main
articles have been shipped.

India SAP CoE, Slide 49

Utilities Cross Selling

VB41 Create Cross Selling

VB42 Change Cross Selling
VB43 Display Cross Selling
India SAP CoE, Slide 50

You can set up the system so that if a customer

orders a specific article, a list of other
suggested articles appears as well.

Utilities Material Determination

Material determination enables the automatic substitution of materials

in sales documents during sales order processing.
You may wish to use Material Determination for:
Replacing a standard product with the one with promotional
packing
Substituting discontinued materials with newer materials
When you enter a material in a sales order, the system checks whether
you have set up product selection for this material. If so, it creates a list
of possible alternatives, checking each to determine current stock
availability, and whether the customer would accept it based on the
product attributes.
For each valid substitute that if finds, the system creates a sub-item.
The system can re-determine product substitutions when copying them
from sales order to deliveries (optional).
India SAP CoE, Slide 51

Utilities Material Determination

Condition record
Material
Entered

Substitute
Material

Material Determination
Sales Order

VB11 Create Material determination

VB12 Change Material determination
VB13 Display Material determination
India SAP CoE, Slide 52

Utilities Listing & Exclusion

List

Material listing lists which materials a customer can buy.

Material exclusion lists which materials a customer cannot buy
Material listing applies to two partner functions in Sales &
Distribution: the sold-to party and the payer.
when the sold-to party and payer are different, the material listing
check is as follows:
If the sold-to party has a material listing, the system only checks
this listing (no other check takes place).
If there is no listing for the sold-to party, but a listing has been
created for the payer, the system automatically checks the payers
listing.
If no material listing data exists for either the sold-to party or
payer, then the customer may order any material
India SAP CoE, Slide 53

Utilities Listing & Exclusion

Master data for Material Listing

Customer : C1
Material: M1, M2

Sold-to party: C1
Item: M1
M2
M3

Master data for Material Exclusion

Customer : C2
Material: M3, M4

Sold-to party: C1
Item: M1
M2
M3
M$

VB01 Create Listing / Exclusion VB02 Change Listing / Exclusion

VB03 Display Listing / Exclusion

India SAP CoE, Slide 54

Condition Technique
Pricing is automatically called in sales processing. SAPs Condition
Technique method helps in doing this.
Pricing Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.

PR00
K004
KF00
MWST

Price
Discount
Freight
Output tax

Condition Type
PR00
Access Sequence PR02
Condition Tables
1.
2.
3.

Customer/ Material
Customer group/Material
Customer/Material group

Condition record
Valid record found

India SAP CoE, Slide 55

PR00

Sales Order
PR00 $ 10
---------------------------

The condition technique includes

condition tables, access sequence,
condition type & procedure
Condition tables contain key fields for
which conditions records are created
Access sequence defines the order in
which the system searches for
condition records
Condition type is a characteristic of a
condition
Procedure defines the conditions
permitted and the sequence in which
the system takes these conditions into
account during sales processing

Sales Process Inquiry & Quotation

A Document Type determines a type of sales

transaction. Example Quotation or Order.
The Header data contain details of sold-to
party, validity dates, required delivery date.
Item data will have details about material and
required quantities. Schedule line data
contains quantities and delivery dates
VA11 Create Inquiry
VA12 Change Inquiry
VA13 Display Inquiry
India SAP CoE, Slide 56

A Quotation is created with or without

reference to an Inquiry. If referred to an
Inquiry, the data is copied from inquiry to
the quotation. The validity dates & delivery
dates can be re determined.
VA21 Create Inquiry
VA22 Change Inquiry
VA23 Display Inquiry

Sales Process - Sales

Data sources for sales order
Delivery
Scheduling

Master Data
Eg: Customer master, Material Master

Transfer of
Requirement

Availability
Check

Existing document
Sales
order

Eg: sales order

Customizing

Text

Sales Document

Sales Info
System

Output

Eg: sales document type, delivery block

Hard-coded controls

Credit
Check

Eg: ABAP programs

A sales order is created with / without reference to a preceding ( inquiry / quotation / order) document. If
referred, the data is copied from the preceding document
The data in a sales document is distributed on header, item and schedule line levels
To process the sales documents efficiently the data can be displayed & processed in
different views. The views are grouped in to Overview, Header & Item screens
The important functions like plant determination, pricing, availability check, delivery
scheduling, credit check are carried out automatically depending upon the settings that
are done
India SAP CoE, Slide 57

Pricing

Sales Process - Sales

VA01 Create sales order

VA02 Change sales order
VA03 Display sales order
VA05 List of sales orders

India SAP CoE, Slide 58

Sales Process - Delivery

Shipping process begins with Delivery

document creation
The delivery can be created with / without
reference to a preceding document ( order), but
in general it is always created with reference
Delivery document has header & item level
data. The schedule line data of the sales order
forms the part of item level data
The delivery document control, supports and monitors all sub-process of the
shipping processes like,
-

Picking (optional)
Packing (optional)
Planning & monitoring of transport (optional)
Posting good issue

Posting goods issue changes quantity as well as value of the stock (for
valuated materials) and reflect in relevant accounts

India SAP CoE, Slide 59

Sales Process - Delivery

Post Goods Issue

VL01N Create delivery

VL02N Change delivery
VL03N Display delivery
India SAP CoE, Slide 60

Sales Process - Billing

Invoice
_____ __ __
_____ __ __
_____ __ __
_____ __ __
_____ __ __

Billing document are created always with

reference either to order or delivery.
Delivery items as well as order items
( products & services) can be references for
a billing document
Billing documents have only internal
number range assigned, it is not possible to
assign external number range

Billing document has header and item level data and forms the basis as
data source for financial accounting
Billing document creation updates G/L accounts and carries out
- debit posting on customer receivables account
- credit posting on revenue account

India SAP CoE, Slide 61

Sales Process - Billing

VF01 Create Billing Document

VF02 Change Billing Document
VF03 Display Billing Document
VF04 Process Billing Due List
VF11 Cancel Billing Document

India SAP CoE, Slide 62

Billing document can only be created

with reference to wither a Delivery or a
Sales Order

Sales Process Credit/Debit Memo

Credit Debit Memo Requests are first created as Sales Order and then Invoiced
through.
It is possible to create these independently or with reference to previous
transactions.
It is possible to apply a Billing block on Sales Orders generally used for
Credit Memo Request Orders
India SAP CoE, Slide 63

Sales Process - Tracking

Documents in sales

process are linked

to each other thorough
Document flow. You can
access history and
current status of the sales
process at any time
All preceding and
succeeding documents
can be displayed.
Reports
VA15 List of inquiries
VA05 List of sales order
VF05 - List of Billing document

India SAP CoE, Slide 64

VA25 List of quotations

VL06F List of deliveries

SD Overview
PrepareMe

TellMe

2
3

ShowMe

LetMe

5
India SAP CoE, Slide 65

HelpMe

LetMe
Input

Expected Result

Call Transaction VA03 or navigate to menu

path
LogisticsSales&DistributionSales

Display Sales Order : Initial screen appears

Press enter or click on the Green tick

Display zzz Sales Order xxx : Overview screen

appears.
Check the Header information such as
Required Delivery Date, Delivering Plant,
Payment Terms, Sales Area and Item details
such as materials, quantity, description, Item
Category

Navigate to Ordering Party tab

Check Customer Material Number and

description

Navigate to GotoHeaderSales

Display zzz Sales Order xxx : Header Data

screen appears.
Check Administrative information such as
Order Type, Created by & on,

Go back and Navigate to

GotoItemSales

Display zzz Sales Order xxx : Item Data screen

appears
Check Material Entered & Usage

India SAP CoE, Slide 66

LetMe
Input

Expected Result

Navigate to Goto Conditions tab

Check prices, discounts, taxes. See pricing

Analysis.

Navigate to Goto Schedule lines tab

Check Delivery Dates & Quantity

Navigate to Goto Partners tab

Check default partners

Navigate to Goto Texts tab

Check which texts have been copied & from

where

Navigate to
EnvironmentPartnerDisplay Sold-to
party

Check customer details in General Data & Sales

Area Data

Go back and Navigate to

EnvironmentDisplay Material

Check the details on Sales views and Basic data

views

Go back 3 times

You are now at Display Sales Order : Initial

screen

Navigate to Sales DocumentIssue

Output to

Check the print preview of Order

Acknowledgement

Go back. Click the document flow

button.

All the preceding * subsequent documents will

be listed. Display each of these.

India SAP CoE, Slide 67

SD Overview
PrepareMe

TellMe

2
3

ShowMe

LetMe

5
India SAP CoE, Slide 68

HelpMe

Tips and Tricks

Verkauf is a German word for Sale. Most SD transactions codes &
tables start with V.
Area Menus such VA00 (Sales), VL00 (Shipping) , VF00 (Billing), VS00
(Sales Master Data), VT00 (Transportation) provide access to only to
specific areas.
You can show the keys for values in the drop down option. To do this
chose Customizing local layout Options Expert and then check the
check box Show keys in all drop downs.
Whenever you create new entries in Customizing, always remember to
copy a SAP standard entry and then modify it. (The system copies
several infromations in the background.)

India SAP CoE, Slide 69

Additional Info
Choose a task from the SAP Easy Access workplace menu.
With this menu, you can easily find your application without
having to memorize transaction codes. Alternatively enter a
transaction code in the command field. With transaction codes,
you can go directly to a task without having to navigate through
several different menus.
To go to command window using key board press keys
Ctrl+tab
To generate a new session enter /o in the command window
To call a transaction in new window enter /oxxxx in the
command window
To call a transaction and skip initial screen, enter /xxxx in the
command window
To delete a session enter /i
To end a session enter /n in the command window
To log off with prompt enter /nend in the command window
To log off without prompt enter /nex in the command window
India SAP CoE, Slide 70