Values and Importance of Blood Donation: by Ajal.A.J

VALUES AND IMPORTANCE OF BLOOD
DONATION
By
AJAL.A.J
WHAT IS SO WONDERFUL
ABOUT BLOOD?
Blood as a Scarce Resource

in the World
75 million units of blood are donated each year

500,000 women who die from complication of
pregnancy each year
150,000 die because of lack of blood.
80% of the worldwide population has access to
only 20% of safe blood.
Only 16% of blood supply is donated by voluntary/
non-remunerated blood donors in the world
because of only family/replacement do in most of
developing countries.
WHO Information Sheets, 2005
What is Blood?
Specialized cells suspended in
plasma
Constantly circulating throughout
body
Carries oxygen and nourishment to
cells and removes waste products
Supports bodys immune system
and capacity to heal itself
Components of Blood
Whole blood contains 4 main
elements:
Red blood cells carry oxygen to tissue

Platelets used in coagulation (clotting
Plasma maintains blood volume and
blood pressure, and prevents excessive
bleeding
White blood cells fight infection
Blood
Blood vessel
Plasma
WBC
Platelets
RBC
Functions of Blood
RBC
Hemoglobin
Function: O2 delivery
Given to patients with
low Hemoglobin level.
Tissu
e
BLOOD
Blood flows everywhere
through the human body.
We cannot live without it.
The heart pumps blood to
all our body cells, supplying
them with oxygen and food.
Blood also carries proteins
and cell fragments called
platelets that let blood clot
where there has been an
injury.
RED BLOOD CELLS

Red blood cells carry oxygen to
body tissues and remove carbon
dioxide.
They are red because they contain
a protein called hemoglobin that is
red in color.
Red blood cells are round and
thinner in the middle, like a balloon
that is partly filled with water. This
lets them squeeze through tiny
blood vessels without breaking.
PLATELETS
If a blood vessel is cut,
platelets stick to the edges
of the cut and to one
another, forming a plug that
stops bleeding.
They then release chemicals
that react with fibrinogen
and other clotting proteins,
leading to the formation of a
blood clot.
The blood vessel can then
heal over the cut area.
Functions of Blood
WBCs
--------
defense
RBCs -------- carry oxygen

Platelets --------
stop bleeding
PLASMA
Plasma is the liquid

part of your blood in
which red cells and
platelets float.
Plasma is mostly water,
but the proteins it
contains are necessary
for life.
Some of of these
proteins are clotting
proteins.
Plasma helps to carry

nutrients
clotting factors
proteins
What is Blood Composed

of?
CELLS
Red cells
White cells
Platelets
FLUID
Plasma
Blood Group
Compatibility
Blood Group
Blood group
Determined by the presence
of different proteins on the
Group A
Group B
red cell membrane.

A antigen- group A
B antigen- group B
A and B antigen- group AB
None group O
Group AB
Group O
Blood Types
O- is the universal blood donor
AB is the universal blood recipient
O and A blood groups are always in
high demand but all are needed
There is no best blood type
Fact sheet
A person has 5 - 6 litres of blood in their body.
A person can donate blood every 90 days (3
months).
Body recovers the Blood very quickly:
Blood plasma volume within 24 - 48 hours

Red Blood Cells in about 3 weeks
Platelets & White Blood Cells within minutes
BLOOD FACT
A kidney transplant
patient, on average, will
need one to two units of
red blood cells to get
through surgery.
A heart transplant patient,

on average, will need four
to six units of red blood
cells.
BLOOD FACT
A liver transplant
patient, on
average, will need
six to 10 units of
red blood cells, 20
units of plasma and
10 units of
platelets.
BLOOD FACT
A newborn open-heart
surgery, on average, will
need one to four units of
red blood cells, one to two
units of plasma, and one to
four units of platelets.
What is a blood bank?
National Blood Donor Month

January is National Blood Donor Month and according to the American Red Cross
VOLUNTARY
BLOOD DONORS
ALTRUISTIC
Indication of blood donation

Bloodisalwaysneededfor,
accidentvictims
cancerpatients
blooddisorderpatients
surgerypatients
Premature,pretermbabies
andmanyothers.
4.5millionIndianslivesaresaved
bybloodtransfusionseachyear
Safety Concerns
Safety of Blood Donor & Blood Recipient

(patient) because Safe Blood gives life,
Unsafe blood gives infections
To ensure Blood Safety,
Safety
Strict Donor Screening
Screening at the Camp
Testing
Testing of collected blood to WHO
specified standards
Strict cross-matching
cross-matching of blood samples
to ensure safe transfusion to patient
Procedure for Voluntary Blood

Donation
Pre-Donation:
1. Donor Screening
2. Donor Eligibility criteria
3. Donor Consent Form
4. Medical examination
Blood Donation:
5. Blood donation procedure
Post donation
6. Rest, advice & refreshment
7. Donor Certificate, Donor ID card
Donor Eligibility Criteria
Who can donate?
Wt > 45 Kg
Age: 18 - 60 years
Weight : > 45 kgs
Hemoglobin level: >12 gms/dl for men
and 12.5 gms/dl for women
In good health
Who CANNOT donate?
Lifelong
Abnormalbleedingdisorder
Heart,Kidney,Liver
Disorder
Thyroiddisorder
Epilepsy,Mentaldisorders
Tuberculosis,Leprosy,
Asthma
Cancer
Insulindependentdiabetics
1year
oSurgery
6Months
oTattooingorbody
piercing
oTyphoid
oDentalextraction
oDogbite
oUnexplained
weightloss
oRootcanal
treatment
oMalaria
oContinuous
lowgradefever
oVaccination
Female donors cannot donate

blood
During pregnancy
After delivery for one year
When lactating
During menstrual period and for 7 days
there after
Male donors cannot donate blood
If consumed Alcohol in the previous 24
hours
Blood Donation Procedure

Remember!
The Donor Must .
have had good rest /
sleep
have had light meal
be mentally
prepared
Post Donation Advice

Drink lots of fluids for next 24 hours
Avoid smoking for one hour & alcohol till after a meal
Dont use elevator to go up immediately after donation as it
will make blood rush to your feet & make you dizzy!
Avoid highly strenuous exercises & games for a day
If you feel dizzy, lie down & put your feet up. You will be
alright in 10-20 mins.
Remove band-aid after 4 hours. If it bleeds, apply pressure
& reapply band-aid. If bruised and painful, apply cold-pack 4 to
5 times for 5 mins each. The bruise is due to blood seeping into
the surrounding tissue. It will take a few days to get reabsorbed.
What It Takes To Give III:

You should be in good health and feel
well
You should have had something to
eat and had adequate sleep
You must also meet hemoglobin (iron)
requirements (test done at clinic)
At the time of donation, you will be
asked a number of questions to
determine your eligibility
What It Takes To Give IV:

If you have
You must wait before

donating
Had dental treatment

(extractions, fillings, cleaning,
restoration)
For cleaning or filling: until the day

after treatment
For extraction, root canal or dental
surgery: 72 hours provided there is
full recovery
A cold, flu or sore throat
Full recovery
Had ear or body piercing

or tattooing
6 months
Uses of Blood
Platelets cancer patients,

hemophiliacs, etc.
Red cells anemia patients,
cancer patients, trauma patients
etc.
Plasma serious burns, shock,
cancer, bone marrow therapy,
etc.
How Much Blood Is

Needed
Fractured hip/Joint
replacement 2 to
5 units
Auto accident/Gunshot wound up to
50 units
Cancer treatment up to 8 units per
week
Bleeding ulcer 3 to 30 units
Brain surgery 4 to 10 units
Cardiovascular surgery 2 to 25 units
Liver transplant up to 100 units
The Donation Process
Photo identification is presented to

the receptionist.
First time donors will be given a
First Time Donor sticker to inform
nurses to be more attentive.
Iron levels are checked when there is
an available nurse.
A series of questions are provided on
the back of the donors information
printout to check eligibility.
The Donation Process II

The donor must read the information presented
about testing for diseases, HIV symptoms, etc.
A nurse takes the donor into a private room
where more questions are asked about the donor
to further check eligibility.
Temperature and blood pressure are measured in
the room.
Lastly, a Yes, use my blood, or No, dont use my
blood sticker is available for donors to put on
their information sheet in private, without the
nurse present.
What can YOU do?

Make Blood Donation a HABIT
Donate regularly every 3
months to commemorate
special days like birthdays,
anniversaries .
Motivate others to donate
Refer your friends and
relatives
Today
Save
Save a
a life!
life!
Benefits to Donor of blood

donation
Health benefits:
Regular donation (2-3 times a year.)
Lowers cholesterol
Lowers lipid levels
Decreases incidence of heart attacks, strokes
Donor is also eligible to receive one FREE

unit of blood if needed for
Self
Spouse/ Child/ Parents, and
Even friends
Benefits
Health + Money
Tests on:
hemoglobin level
blood pressure
body weight
hepatitis B
hepatitis C
Syphilis
HIV/AIDS
Blood Donation CampWhat you should know
Blood Donation CampRequirements from your side

Suitable date, venue and number of donors
expected
Well lit, well ventilated, spacious area for
registration and medical check up, bleeding and
refreshment
Sufficient cots (or Tables) bleeding tables with
chairs to each bed
Waste boxes under each bed
Tables and chairs for registration, medical check up
and extra chairs for waiting donors
Clean drinking water with disposable cups in camp
area and refreshment are
Volunteers to help with registration and
refreshments
References
1. American Red Cross http://www.redcrossblood.org/learn-aboutblood/blood-facts-and-statistics
2. Chandramita Bora, Advantages of Donating Blood, 10.12.2011,
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-of-donating-blood.html
3. Blood types: Distribution stats,interesting facts,2011
http://bloodbanker.com/plasma/centers/category/blood-donation-terms/
4. A Free Pound of Dunkin Donuts Coffee For a Pint of Blood
Thursday, January 6, 2011, byPaula Forbes; http://eater.com/tags/blooddonation
5. A pint of ice cream for a pint of blood
Sunday, July 24, 2011 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zYQCAAuCVTo
6 .Lack of blood donations proves costly for N.J. hospitals, January 07, 2009
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2009/01/lack_of_blood_donations_proves.ht
ml
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What are the components of blood?

What are the components of blood?

What are the functions of red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells?

What are the functions of red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells?

VALUES AND IMPORTANCE OF BLOOD

Blood as a Scarce Resource

75 million units of blood are donated each year

Red blood cells carry oxygen to tissue

RED BLOOD CELLS

RBCs -------- carry oxygen

Plasma is the liquid

Plasma helps to carry

What is Blood Composed

red cell membrane.

A and B antigen- group AB

Blood plasma volume within 24 - 48 hours

A heart transplant patient,

What is a blood bank?

National Blood Donor Month

Indication of blood donation

Safety of Blood Donor & Blood Recipient

Procedure for Voluntary Blood

Donor Eligibility Criteria

Who can donate?

Who CANNOT donate?

Female donors cannot donate

Blood Donation Procedure

Post Donation Advice

What It Takes To Give III:

What It Takes To Give IV:

You must wait before

Had dental treatment

For cleaning or filling: until the day

A cold, flu or sore throat

Had ear or body piercing

Platelets cancer patients,

How Much Blood Is

The Donation Process

Photo identification is presented to

The Donation Process II

What can YOU do?

Benefits to Donor of blood

Donor is also eligible to receive one FREE

Blood Donation CampWhat you should know

Blood Donation CampRequirements from your side

Give Blood and Save

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