Art

Music
Fashion
ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
Religion
1400’s-1500’s
 ITALIAN CITIES/ STATES
 Romagna (Papal states)
 Firenze (Florence)
 Venezia (Venice)
 Napoli (Kingdom of naples)
 Milano (Duchy of Milan)
ART
Art is the greatest expression of the Italian
Renaissance.
The renaissance used many different types of art like
 Classical Models for art and achitecture
 Nudes
 Heroism of humanity
LEONARDO DA VINCI

One of the most famous Italian artists.

 Born 1452 Died 1519
 His most famous paintings are the Mona lisa, and
the last supper.

Mona Lisa The last supper

1503-1506 1495-1498
 PAOLO UCCELLO.
THE BATTLE OF SAN ROMANO

Uccello's best preserved picture

The broken lances on the ground all point to a common
vanishing point as does the fallen soldier who is
foreshortened in one of the earliest examples of this type
of painting.
 DONATELLO
THE GREAT FLORENTINE SCULPTOR.


 Born in 1386, Died in
1466.

"The Feast of Herod"

1423-7 gilt bronze 60x60 cm
"St George" The artist achieved great fame in his own
1415-16 marble height 209 cm. lifetime and was often called upon to work for
The figures of St George, St Mark and St Louis other Italian cities. In 1427 he was
of Toulouse, were commissioned by the various commissioned to make a bronze relief for a
wealthy Florentine guilds, to fill the niches font at Sienna. His subject was "The Feast of
around the church of Orsanmichele in Florence. Herod" a scene from the life of St John the
Baptist.
ACHITECTURE
The dome’s
symbolism as the
dome of the heavens .

located within the Vatican city St.

Peter's Basilica has the largest interior of any
Christian church in the world, holding 60,000
people.

St. Peter’s Rome Tradition and some historical evidence hold

that Saint Peter’s tomb is directly below the
altar of the basilica
A RENAISSANCE HUMANIST

 A student of Greek and roman literature

 Scholars reconciled Christian belief with the moral
teachings of the ancients
 The definition of Renaissance humanism has now
broadened to mean the age’s glorification of
human powers.
PHILOSOPHY
 One role of *Petrarch is as the founder of a new method of
scholarship, Renaissance Humanism
 An essential step in the humanist education being propounded by
scholars like Pico Della Mirandola was the hunting down of lost
or forgotten manuscripts that were known only by reputation. 
 While concern for Philosophy, art and literature all increased
greatly in the Renaissance the period is usually seen as one of
scientific backwardness

*Francesco Petrarch (July 20, 1304 – July 19,

1374) was an Italian Scholar, Poet and one of
the earliest Renaissance Humanists.
MUSIC IN THE ITALIAN
RENAISSANCE
 A lot of opera and soprano
 Classical
 A lot of piano
In Italy in the 14th century there was an
explosion of musical activity that corresponded
in scope and level of innovation to the activity
in the other arts

By the late 16th century Italy was the musical

centre of Europe.
 Music was an essential part in the Renaissance
 The early fifteenth century was dominated initially by
English and then Northern European composers.
 The most important of these was Guillaume Du Fay (1397–
1474), whose varied musical offerings included motets and
masses for church and chapel services
 By about 1500, European art music was dominated by
Franco-Flemish composers, the most prominent of whom
was Josquin des Prez (ca. 1450–1521)
 RENAISSANCE INSTRUMENTS
Mandora or chitarino, ca. 1420
Spinetta with Case, 1540

Still playable after 450 years, this spinetta embodies the spirit of Italian
humanism in its sophistication and elegance. The graceful pentagonal
shape of the case conforms to the layout of the strings stretched over
the soundboard, and the exterior is richly decorated with panels of
inlaid wood, mother-of-pearl, and tracery. Layers of pierced parchment
recreate a Gothic rose in the sound hole

There are three surviving examples of this mysterious type of instrument from
the early fifteenth century, of which the one exhibited here is the most
elegant. Originally the instrument would have been strung with four or five
strings, but whether it was played with a bow or plucked remains unclear. The
carved imagery relates to courtly romance and probably alludes to the rewards
of fidelity in love.
WILLIAM BYRD
 Born 1543, Died 1623

Some of the songs he composed were:

In resurrectione tua Civitas sancti tui 

Have Mercy on me, o god

GUILLAUME DU FAY
  In his lifetime, Dufay wrote seven complete masses, 28 individual Mass
movements, 15 settings of chant used in Mass Propers, three
Magnificants, two Benidicamus Domino settings, 15 antiphon settings (6
are Marian antiphons), 27 hymns, 22 motets (13 are isorhythmic) and 87
chansons.
 More than half of Dufay's compositions are written in a style that can
best be described as chant harmonization.  In this style of composition,
one voice, more often than not the cantus, follows the melodic contour,
text, and phrasing of a liturgical melody.  The other two voices are fit
with the melody in a homorhythmic fashion, usually without text. 
 he ballade C'est bien raison, was written in 1433 for the Marquis of
Ferrera, Niccolo III, and is the first documentation of Dufay's contact
with the influential and art loving d'Este family (he was probably known
in Ferrera through his service with the Malatesta family)
JOSQUIN DES PRÉZ

 Josquin Des Préz was one of the most influential and widely regarded
composers in the history of Western music
 Josquin's surviving musical output is very large, comprising masses,
motets, and secular songs in both French and Italian.
 ypically, Josquin utilizes pair-wise imitation between voices - such that
the texture is divided into pairs of voices which interchange material in
canon. This technique deliberately eschews the longer lines of the
previous generation to concentrate on shorter motifs which lend
themselves to various combinations of melody and harmony.
 Today, Josquin's reputation is as high as it has ever been, except perhaps
during his lifetime when he was the most sought after composer in
Europe. His command of text and structure makes his music one of the
great legacies of Western art. ~ Todd McComb
THE RENAISSANCE FASHION
During the 16th Century, ladies wore the skirts of
their dresses, which were tight at the waist and
open in front, very wide, displaying the lower part
of a very rich under petticoat, which reached to the
ground, completely concealing the feet.

Frequently the hair was turned over in rolls,

and adorned with precious stones, and was
surmounted by a small cap, coquettishly placed
either on one side or on the top of the head, and
ornamented with gold chains, jewels, and
feathers. The body of the dress was always
long, and pointed in front.
Early Renaissance Typical Italian Renaissance Elizabeth I in a late
Gown Gown,1557 Renaissance Gown, 1592
Men wore their coats cut somewhat after the same
shape: their trunk hose were tight, but round the
waist they were puffed out. They wore a cloak,
which only reached as far as the hips, and was
always much ornamented; they carried a smooth or
ribbed cap on one side of the head, and a small
upright collar adorned the coat.

This collar was replaced, after the first half of

the 16th Century, by the high, starched ruff,
which was kept out by wires; ladies wore it still
larger, when it had somewhat the appearance of
an open fan at the back of the neck. In Italy,
home of the Renaissance fashion, dress always
maintained a certain character of grandeur, ever
recalling the fact that the influence of antiquity
was not quite lost.
 Religion
The Church 
 
in1500, people began to worry more and more about the
multiple wrong things that were happening in the Church.
There were a lot of people who thought that the priests, or
Church leaders, were becoming obsessed with making
money from the people rather than helping to provide
them with otherworldly direction. Because they wanted to
earn enough money to Keep their luxurious lives, they
began to do many dishonest things. One of these things
was the selling of “indulgences.” Indulgences were papers
that claimed that you were excused for your sins. This
worry is what eventually caused the Christian world to
split up and created what is called the Reformation
CHRISTIANITY
Christianity during the Italian Renaissance had many
highs and many lows. There was a big decrease in the
authority of the Catholic Church. Many practices were
firmly established in older ways of life and living, as
well of their ways of thought. These practices were very
slow and took a while to get used to the new ways of life
and thought. For a long time, the church was a
significant piece of the Feudal system which was
decided on loyalty between people with authority, and
people who had land from a lord. These people are also
known as a bondman or a slave. The Catholic Church
had trouble accommodating to the claims of civilization
based upon money and not loyalty between people.
SECULARISM
Secularism social movement is any movement in the community
that is face in the opposite direction from another world to the
life on Earth. During the Middle Ages of Europe, there was a
great disposition for religious people to not like mortal things
that need to be done and to deliberate on God and life after
death. As an outcome to archaic disposition, secularism,
during the Renaissance period, displayed its own self in the
creation of humanism, when other beings in the community
started to display their benefit in human beneficial
accomplishments and the possible chance of them being
fulfilled in this world. The shift in the direction of secularism
has been happening since the Renaissance. It is still happening
today in modern society. It is commonly seen as being against
Christians and against religion. In the second half of the 20th
century some people who study theology began to endorse
earthy Christianity.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 http://www.italian-renaissance-art.com/
 http://musiced.about.com/od/renaissance/Renaissance_M
usicians.htm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W75Grduf24I
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/renm/hd_renm.htm
http://www.vanderbilt.edu/Blair/Courses/MUSL242/dufa
y98.htm

http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/josquin.php
http://www.renaissance-spell.com/Renaissance-Fashion.h
tml

http://www.sparknotes.com/history/european/renaissance
1/context.html