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The External Factor Evaluation (EFE) and Competitive Profile (CPM) Matrices

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The External Factor

Evaluation (EFE)
and Competitive
Profile (CPM)
matrices

External Factor Evaluation Matrix


(EFE)
The EFE is a strategic-management tool often used for assessment of

current business conditions.

It is a good tool to visualize and prioritize the opportunities and


threatsthat a business is facing.

The EFE matrix is concerned solely withexternalfactors.

Externalfactors assessed in the EFE matrix are the ones that are
subjected to the will of social, economic, political, legal, and other
externalforces.

Creating an EFE Matrix


1.

List Factors: Gather a list ofexternalfactors. Divide factors into two


groups - opportunities and threats.

2.

Assign Weights: Assign a weight to eachfactor.The value of each


weight should be between 0 and 1 or 100. Zero means the factor is not
important. One or hundred means that the factor is the most influential
and critical one. The total value ofall weights together should equal 1
or 100.

3.

Rate Factors: Assign a rating to each factor. Rating should be between


1 and 4. Rating indicates how effective the firms current strategies
respond to the factor. 1 = the response is poor. 2 = the response is
below average. 3 = above average. 4 = superior. Weights are industryspecific. Ratingsare company-specific.

4.

Multiply weights by ratings: Multiply each factor weight with its


rating. This willcalculate theweighted scorefor each factor.

5.

Total all weighted scores: Addall weighted scores for each factor.
This will calculate thetotal weighted scorefor the company.

Copyright 2013 Pearson Education

External factors can be grouped


into the following groups:
Social,

cultural, demographic, and environmental variables

Economic
Political,

examples are

variables

government, business trends, and legal variables

Copyright 2013 Pearson Education

Copyright 2013 Pearson Education

Copyright 2013 Pearson Education

Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM)

CPM is a powerful strategic analysis tool.

It allows business owners, stockholders and other interested


parties to see the strengths and weaknesses of all major
competitors in an industry on a single page.

The tool can rank companies in terms of the "total package" they
bring to the table. This allows a manager or business owner to
identify the strongest competitors as well as the areas where the
business most needs to improve.

Using the tool


1.

Identify the critical success factors: To make it easier, use a list of CSFs and
include as many factors as possible

2.

Assign the weights: The best way to identify what weights should be assigned to
each factor is to compare the best and worst performing companies in the industry.
Well performing companies will usually undertake activities that are significant for
success in the industry.

3.

Assign the ratings: Ratings should be assigned using benchmarking or during team
discussions.

4.

Compare the scores and take action: Compare the scores on each factor to
identify where companys relative strengths and weaknesses are.

Example

Android is the strongest player in the


industry with relative strengths in market
share, distribution channels,
customization features, openness and
cloud integration.

iOS prevails in frequency updates,


marketing capabilities and the rate of OS
crashes.

Windows Phone is the weakest of them all


and doesnt have any relative strengths
against its rivals.

The companies should create their


strategies according to their strengths
and weakness and improve their ratings
in the most significant industrys areas.

References

http://www.maxi-pedia.com/efe+matrix+external

http://smallbusiness.chron.com/cpm-matrix-do-67032.html

http://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/tools/competitiveprofile-matrix-cpm.html

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