Motion of A Projectile (Section 12.6) : Today's Objectives: In-Class Activities

MOTION OF A PROJECTILE (Section 12.
6)
Todays Objectives:
In-Class Activities:
Students will be able to
Check homework, if any
analyze the free-flight motion of

a projectile.
Reading quiz
Applications
Kinematic equations for
projectile motion
Concept quiz
Group problem solving
Attention quiz
READING QUIZ
1. The downward acceleration of an object in free-flight motion is
A) zero
B) increasing with time
C) 9.81 m/s2
D) 9.81 ft/s2
2. The horizontal component of velocity remains _________

during a free-flight motion.
A) zero
B) constant
C) at 9.81 m/s2
D) at 32.2 ft/s2
APPLICATIONS
A kicker should know at what angle, , and initial velocity, vo, he

must kick the ball to make a field goal.
For a given kick strength, at what angle should the ball be
kicked to get the maximum distance?
APPLICATIONS (continued)
A fireman wishes to know the maximum height on the wall he can

project water from the hose. At what angle, , should he hold the
hose?
CONCEPT OF PROJECTILE MOTION

Projectile motion can be treated as two rectilinear motions, one in
the horizontal direction experiencing zero acceleration and the other
in the vertical direction experiencing constant acceleration (i.e.,
gravity).
For illustration, consider the two balls on the
left. The red ball falls from rest, whereas the
yellow ball is given a horizontal velocity. Each
picture in this sequence is taken after the same
time interval. Notice both balls are subjected to
the same downward acceleration since they
remain at the same elevation at any instant. Also,
note that the horizontal distance between
successive photos of the yellow ball is constant
since the velocity in the horizontal direction is
constant.
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS: HORIZONTAL MOTION
Since ax = 0, the velocity in the horizontal direction remains

constant (vx = vox) and the position in the x direction can be
determined by:
x = xo + (vox)(t)
Why is ax equal to zero (assuming movement through the air)?
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS: VERTICAL MOTION

Since the positive y-axis is directed upward, ay = -g. Application of
the constant acceleration equations yields:
vy = voy g(t)
y = yo + (voy)(t) g(t)2
vy2 = voy2 2g(y yo)
For any given problem, only two of these three
equations can be used. Why?
Example 1
Given: vo and
Find: The equation that defines
y as a function of x.
Plan: Eliminate time from the
kinematic equations.
Solution: Using
vx = vo cos
We can write: x = (vo cos )t
or
and
t =
vy = vo sin
x
vo cos
y = (vo sin )t g(t)2

By substituting for t:
y = (vo sin )
x
vo cos
) ( )(
g
2
x
vo cos
Example 1 (continued):
Simplifying the last equation, we get:
y = (x tan)
g x2
2vo2
(1 + tan2)
The above equation is called the path equation which describes the
path of a particle in projectile motion. The equation shows that the
path is parabolic.
Example 2
Given: Snowmobile is going 15
m/s at point A.
Find: The horizontal distance it
travels (R) and the time in
the air.
Solution:
First, place the coordinate system at point A. Then write the
equation for horizontal motion.
+ xB = xA + vAxtAB and vAx = 15 cos 40 m/s
Now write a vertical motion equation. Use the distance equation.
+ yB = yA + vAytAB 0.5gctAB2 vAy = 15 sin 40 m/s
Note that xB = R, xA = 0, yB = -(3/4)R, and yA = 0.
Solving the two equations together (two unknowns) yields
R = 19.0 m tAB = 2.48 s
CONCEPT QUIZ
1. In a projectile motion problem, what is the maximum
number of unknowns that can be solved?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
2. The time of flight of a projectile, fired over level ground

with initial velocity Vo at angle , is equal to
A) (vo sin )/g
B) (2vo sin )/g
C) (vo cos )/g
D) (2vo cos )/g
GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING
Given: Skier leaves the ramp at

A = 25o and hits the
slope at B.
Find: The skiers initial speed vA.
Plan: Establish a fixed x,y coordinate system (in the solution

here, the origin of the coordinate system is placed at A).
Apply the kinematic relations in x and y-directions.
GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING (continued)

Solution:
Motion in x-direction:
Using
xB = xA + vox(tAB)
tAB=
(4/5)100
vA (cos 25)
88.27
vA
Motion in y-direction:
Using
-64 = 0 + vA(sin 45)
yB = yA + voy(tAB) g(tAB)2
80
(9.81)
vA (cos 25)
vA = 19.42 m/s
88.27
vA
ATTENTION QUIZ
1. A projectile is given an initial velocity
vo at an angle above the horizontal.
The velocity of the projectile when it
hits the slope is ____________ the
initial velocity vo.
A) less than
C) greater than
B) equal to
D) None of the above.
2. A particle has an initial velocity vo at angle with respect to the

horizontal. The maximum height it can reach is when
A) = 30
B) = 45
C) = 60
D) = 90

Motion of A Projectile (Section 12.6) : Today's Objectives: In-Class Activities

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Motion of A Projectile (Section 12.6) : Today's Objectives: In-Class Activities

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Motion of A Projectile (Section 12.6) : Today's Objectives: In-Class Activities

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MOTION OF A PROJECTILE (Section 12.

Students will be able to

Check homework, if any

analyze the free-flight motion of

B) increasing with time

2. The horizontal component of velocity remains _________

A kicker should know at what angle, , and initial velocity, vo, he

A fireman wishes to know the maximum height on the wall he can

CONCEPT OF PROJECTILE MOTION

KINEMATIC EQUATIONS: HORIZONTAL MOTION

Since ax = 0, the velocity in the horizontal direction remains

KINEMATIC EQUATIONS: VERTICAL MOTION

We can write: x = (vo cos )t

y = (vo sin )t g(t)2

2. The time of flight of a projectile, fired over level ground

B) (2vo sin )/g

C) (vo cos )/g

D) (2vo cos )/g

GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING

Given: Skier leaves the ramp at

Plan: Establish a fixed x,y coordinate system (in the solution

GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING (continued)

-64 = 0 + vA(sin 45)

2. A particle has an initial velocity vo at angle with respect to the

You might also like