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    Chapter 1 Mole Balances Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Aiman Zaharin
    The document discusses chemical reaction engineering and reactor design. It defines the general mole balance equation for reaction systems as: IN - OUT + GENERATION = ACCUMULATION It then provides the mole balance equations for specific reactor types: batch reactors have rAV = dNA/dt; CSTRs have FА0 - FА + VrA = 0; PFRs use integral forms; and PBRs use rates related to catalyst mass. Finally, it poses two example problems applying mole balances to calculate reactor volumes needed for specific reactions in CSTR and PFR systems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter 1 Mole Balances Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Aiman Zaharin
    80 views15 pages
    The document discusses chemical reaction engineering and reactor design. It defines the general mole balance equation for reaction systems as: IN - OUT + GENERATION = ACCUMULATION It then provides the mole balance equations for specific reactor types: batch reactors have rAV = dNA/dt; CSTRs have FА0 - FА + VrA = 0; PFRs use integral forms; and PBRs use rates related to catalyst mass. Finally, it poses two example problems applying mole balances to calculate reactor volumes needed for specific reactions in CSTR and PFR systems.

    Original Description:

    Nice gile do bende ni. Sumpah tak tipu.

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    The document discusses chemical reaction engineering and reactor design. It defines the general mole balance equation for reaction systems as: IN - OUT + GENERATION = ACCUMULATION It then provides the mole balance equations for specific reactor types: batch reactors have rAV = dNA/dt; CSTRs have FА0 - FА + VrA = 0; PFRs use integral forms; and PBRs use rates related to catalyst mass. Finally, it poses two example problems applying mole balances to calculate reactor volumes needed for specific reactions in CSTR and PFR systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    80 views15 pages

    Chapter 1 Mole Balances Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Aiman Zaharin
    The document discusses chemical reaction engineering and reactor design. It defines the general mole balance equation for reaction systems as: IN - OUT + GENERATION = ACCUMULATION It then provides the mole balance equations for specific reactor types: batch reactors have rAV = dNA/dt; CSTRs have FА0 - FА + VrA = 0; PFRs use integral forms; and PBRs use rates related to catalyst mass. Finally, it poses two example problems applying mole balances to calculate reactor volumes needed for specific reactions in CSTR and PFR systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Chemical Engineering

    Department
    CDB2043 REACTION
    ENGINEERING
    Chapter 1: Mole Balances
    (Part 2)
    Ambition is the path to success,
    persistence is the vehicle you arrive in
    1

    -Bill Bradley-

    Recap:
    Previous lecture:
    1. Explain the importance of Reaction
    Engineering knowledge
    2. Define reaction rate
    3. Explain the different types of chemical
    reactors and their importance

    Learning Outcome
    At the end of this lecture, students should be
    able to:
    1. Define general mole balance equation in
    relation to reactor design

    General Mole Balance Equation


    Number of moles of species
    A in a system

    For species A:

    Any REACTOR with volume V

    Rate of generation of species


    A in a system

    IN OUT
    OUT +
    + GENERATION
    GENERATION =
    = ACCUMULATION
    ACCUMULATION
    IN
    FAO

    FA

    GA

    UNIT: moles/time

    dNA/dt

    General Mole Balance Equation


    IN OUT
    OUT +
    + GENERATION
    GENERATION =
    =
    IN
    ACCUMULATION
    ACCUMULATION
    FAO
    FA
    GA
    dNA/dt

    FA0

    FA

    UNIT:
    moles/time

    GA

    dN A
    dt

    BAD NEWS:
    Reactor system is RARELY SMALL such that you can
    consider all the system variable are SPATIALLY
    UNIFORM!!
    e.g. temperature, concentration & catalytic activity
    HOW DO WE DEAL WITH NON-UNIFORMITY?

    GA

    rA .V

    Only valid if ALL


    SYSTEM VARIABLE IS
    A CONSTANT!!

    e.g. SMALL
    VOLUME

    General Mole Balance Equation


    V

    G A,1 rA,1 V1

    rA,2

    i 1

    i 1

    G A G A,i rA,i Vi

    rA,1

    Taking limits: Let M and V 0


    V

    FA0

    FA

    rAdV

    dN A
    dt

    GENERAL MOLE BALANCE


    EQUATION FOR
    REACTOR SYSTEM

    Mole Balance For Different Reactor Type


    IN OUT
    OUT +
    + GENERATION
    GENERATION =
    =
    IN
    ACCUMULATION
    ACCUMULATION

    Batch reactor

    dN A
    FA0 FA rA dV
    dt
    dN A
    rA .V
    dt
    V

    Mole Balance For Different Reactor Type


    IN OUT
    OUT +
    + GENERATION
    GENERATION =
    =
    IN
    ACCUMULATION
    ACCUMULATION

    Continuous
    stirred tank
    reactor (CSTR)

    FA0 FA

    FA0 FA VrA 0

    dN A
    rA dV
    dt

    FA0 FA
    rA

    Mole Balance For Different Reactor Type


    IN OUT
    OUT +
    + GENERATION
    GENERATION =
    =
    IN
    ACCUMULATION
    ACCUMULATION

    Plug Flow Reactor


    (PFR)

    FA0 FA

    dN A
    rA dV
    dt

    Mole Balance For Different Reactor Type

    Packed Bed Reactor


    (PBR)

    -rA = mol A reacted


    time. mass of
    catalyst

    SUMMARY
    Reactor

    Mole Balance

    Batch
    rAV

    dN A
    dt

    Remarks
    Well mix, no
    spatial
    variation,
    unsteady state

    CSTR

    Well mix, no
    spatial
    variation,
    steady state

    PFR

    Steady state

    PBR

    Steady state

    Question 1:
    The reaction

    AB

    is to be carried out isothermally in a continuous-flow reactor. Calculate


    both the CSTR and PFR reactor volumes necessary to consume 99% of
    A (i.e CA = 0.01CA0) when the entering molar flow rate is 5 mol/h,
    assuming the reaction rate rA is:
    a) rA = k with
    b) rA = kCA

    with k = 0.0001 s-1

    The entering
    volumetric flow rate is 10 dm3/h [Note: FA = CAv. For a
    c) rA = kCA2 with
    constant volumetric flow rate v = v0, then FA = CAv0. Also, CA0 = FA0/ v0 ].

    12

    Question 2:

    13

    Summary
    At this point, students should be able to:
    1. Define general mole balance equation in
    relation to reactor design

    14

    END OF LECTURE

    15

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