Preparatory Functions (G Codes)

MILL
USER ADDRESS
 Miscellaneous Function (M Codes)
M00 Program Stop
By inserting M00 in a program, the cutting cycle is stopped after the block
containing M00 code. This facility is useful if an inspection check is necessary
during an operation. The cycle is then continued by a cycle start.
Example: M00
M01 Optional Stop
Cycle operation is stopped after a block containing M01 is executed. This
code is only effective when the optional stop switch on the machine control
panel has been pressed.
Example: M01
M02 Program End
M02 halts program execution. The spindle is turned off and the tool moves to
the most positive position on the Z axis.
Example: M02
M03 Spindle Rotation Clockwise
An M03 instruction starts spindle rotation clockwise.
It requires a speed within the range 100 to 3000 RPM
Example: M03 S2200
M04 Spindle Rotation Counter Clockwise
An M04 instruction starts spindle rotation counter clockwise.
It requires a speed within the range 100 to 3000 RPM
Example: M03 S2200
M05 Spindle Stop
M05 commands instruction stop spindle rotation. It is good programming
practice to issue an M05 before a tool change, and at the end of a program.
Example: M05

M06 Tool Change

The M06 instruction causes the FANUC to change to a different tool.
Example: M06 T01

M08 Coolant On :M08 turns the coolant on

M09 Coolant Off :M09 turns the coolant off
M10 Vice Open :M10 commands vice open
M11 Vice Close :M11 commands vice close

M13 Spindle Rotation Clockwise, Coolant On

M13 turns the coolant on and starts spindle rotate clockwise
Example: M13 S1000

M14 Spindle Rotation Counter Clockwise, Coolant On

M14 turns the coolant on and starts spindle rotate counter clockwise
Example: M14 S1000
M19 Spindle Orientation
Ml9 orientates the spindle.
M20 ATC Arm in
M20 moves the ATC arm in. It moves the arm towards the spindle.
M21 ATC Arm out
M21 moves the ATC arm out. It retracts the arm from the spindle.
M22 ATC Arm down (Optional)
M22 moves the ATC arm down.
M23 ATC Arm up (Optional)
M23 moves the ATC arm up.
M27 Reset ATC
M27 command used for ATC reset position.
M30 Program Stop and Rewind
This command is used to stop the spindle, turns the coolant off, terminates
and reset the CNC program.
M32 ATC Rotates Clockwise
M32 command is used to rotate the ATC clockwise
M33 ATC Rotates Counter Clockwise
M33 command is used to rotate the ATC counter clockwise
M70 X Mirror On
M70 command is used for X axis mirroring about the current X axis position
M71 Y Mirror On
M70 command is used for Y axis mirroring about the current Y axis position
M80 X Mirror Off
M80 command is used for X axis mirroring off.
M81 Y Mirror Off
M81 command is used for Y axis mirroring off.
M98 Sub-Program Call
M99 Sub-Program Exit
 Structure of a CNC program
CNC Program can be divided
Explanat
ion
into three parts.

1. Start-up Program
2. Profile Program
3. End of the Program
1. Start-up Program
O1000
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M06 T1
M03 S1500
G00 X0 Y0 Z5
2. Profile Program: Profile program is based on the given part
drawing.

Explanati
3. End of the Program on:
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
 Programming
Examples
Example 01: Programming using linear interpolation
Write a manual part program for Profile Milling Operation for the component
shown
O1001in DWG.
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M06 T1
M03 S1500
G90 G00 x0 Y0 Z5
G01 Z-1 F100
G01 X75 Y0
G01 X75 Y25
G01 X25 Y25
G01 X25 Y75
G01 X0 Y75
G01 X0 Y0
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
Example 02: Programming using linear and circular interpolation
Write a manual part program for Profile Milling Operation for the component
shown in DWG.
O1002
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M06 T1
M03 S1500
G90 G00 x0 Y0 Z5
G01 Z-1 F100
G01 X20 Y0
G02 X80 Y0 R30
G01 X100 Y0
G01 X100 Y30
G03 X100 Y70 R20
G01 X100 Y100
G01 X100 Y100
G01 X80 Y100
G02 X20 Y100 R30
G01 X0 Y100
G01 X0 Y0
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
Example 03: Programming using linear and circular interpolation
Write a manual part program for Profile Milling Operation for the component
shown in DWG.
O1003
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M06 T1
M03 S1500
G90 G00 X-30 Y-20 Z5
G01 Z-1 F100
G01 X-30 Y20
G02 X-20 Y30 R10
G01 X20 Y30
G03 X30 Y20 R10
G01 X30 Y-20
G01 X20 Y-30
G01 X-20 Y-30
G03 X-30 Y-20 R10
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
Example 04: Programming using Sub-Program
Write a manual part program for Profile Milling Operation using Sub-Program
for the component shown in DWG.
Main Sub-
Program
O1004 Program
O2233
G91 G01 Z-1 F100
G90 G01 X-30 Y20
G21 G94 G02 X-20 Y30 R10
G91 G28 Z0 G01 X20 Y30
G28 X0 Y0 G03 X30 Y20 R10
M06 T1 G01 X30 Y-20
G01 X20 Y-30
M03 S1500
G01 X-20 Y-30
G90 G00 X-30 Y-20 G03 X-30 Y-20
Z5 R10
G01 Z0 F100 M99
M98 P52233
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
Example 05.1: Programming for mirroring operation
Write a manual part program for Mirroring Operation for the component
shown in DWG
O1003
G21 G94 Sub-
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0 Program
O2244
G90 G00 X15
M06 T1
Y15 Z5
M03 S1500
G01 Z-1 F100
M98 P2244
G01 X15 Y25
M70
G01 X25 Y25
M98 P2244
G01 X25 Y15
M80
G01 X15 Y15
M71
G00 Z5
M98 P2244
G00 X0 Y0
M81
M99
M70
M71
M98 P2244
M80
M81
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
Example 05.2: Programming for mirroring operation
Write a manual part program for Mirroring Operation for the component
shown
O1004in DWG O2244
G21 G94 G90 G00 X30 Y0
G91 G28 Z0 Z5
G28 X0 Y0 G01 Z-1 F100
M06 T1 G01 X30 Y0
M03 S1500 X30 Y15
M98 P2244 G03 X15 Y30 I0
M70 J15
M98 P2244 G01 X0 Y30
M80 G00 Z5
M71 G00 X0 Y0
M98 P2244 M99
M81
M70
M71
M98 P2244
M80
M81
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
Example 6: Programming using Scaling Command
Write a manual part program for Scaling Command for the component shown
O1010 O7777 O8888
G21 G94 G90 G00 X-30 Y- G51 P0.5
G91 G28 Z0 20 Z5 M98 P7777
G28 X0 Y0 G01 Z-1 F100 G00 Z5
M06 T1 G01 X-30 Y20 G50
M03 S1500 G02 X-20 Y30 R10 M99
M98 P7777 G01 X20 Y30
G90 G00 Z5 G03 X30 Y20 R10
M98 P8888 G01 X30 Y-20
G90 G00 Z5 G01 X20 Y-30
G91 G28 Z0 G01 X-20 Y-30
G28 X0 Y0 G03 X-30 Y-20
M05 R10
M30 M99
Example 7: Programming for Profile Milling using ATC option
Write a manual part program for Scaling Command for the component shown
WITH TOOL WITH TOOL
NO.1
O1011 NO.2
G21 G94 M06 T2
G91 G28 Z0 M03 S1200
G28 X0 Y0 G90 G00 X-20 Y0
M06 T1 Z5
M03 S1500 G01 Z-1 F100
G90 G00 X-30 Y-20 Z5 G02 X20 Y0 R10
G01 Z-1 F100 G02 X-20 Y0 R10
G01 X-30 Y20 G00 Z5
G02 X-20 Y30 R10 G91 G28 Z0
G01 X20 Y30 G28 X0 Y0
G03 X30 Y20 R10 M05
G01 X30 Y-20 M30
G01 X20 Y-30
G01 X-20 Y-30
G03 X-30 Y-20 R10
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
Example 08: Programming for Datum Shift Operation using G54
Write a manual part program for Datum Shift Operation for the component
shown
O1008
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0 O5566
M06 T1 G90 G00 Z-1
M03 S1500 F100
G90 G00 X10 Y10 G01 X0 Y10
Z5 G01 X10 Y10
G54 X10 Y10 G01 X10 Y0
M98 P5566 G01 X0 Y0
G00 Z5 G00 Z5
G90 G00 X-30 Y10
G54 X-30 Y10
M98 P5566
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
 Circular Pocket Milling Cycle
G170 P Q R X Y Z I J K
G171 P S R F B J Circular Pocket
P0 - ROUGHING OPERATION
P1 - FINISHING OPERATION
Q - DEPTH OF CUT FOR EACH PASS
R - REFERENCE POINT
X - POSITION OF TOOL IN X AXIS
Y - POSITION OF TOOL IN Y AXIS
Z - TOTAL DEPTH
I - SIDE FINISHING ALLOWENCE
J - BASE FINISHING ALLOWENCE
K - RADIUS OF THE POCKET
P - CUTTER MOVEMENT IN %, i.e., 50% OF THE CUTTER Dia.
S - ROUHING OPERATION SPINDLE SPEED
R - ROUGHING OPERATION FEED IN Z AXIS
F - ROUGHING OPERATION FEED IN X & Y AXES
B - FINISHING OPERATION SPINDLE SPEED
J - FINISHING OPERATION FEED IN X, Y & Z AXES
Example 8: Programming for Circular Pocket Milling operation
Write a manual part program for Circular Pocket Milling Operation for the
component
O1004 shown
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M06 T1
M03 S1500
G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z5
G170 P0 Q1 R0.5 X0 Y0 Z-
4 I0.1 J0.1 K25
G171 P50 S1200 R60 F100
B1500 J60
G170 P1 Q1 R0.5 X0 Y0 Z-
4 I0 J0 K25
G171 P50 S1200 R60 F100
B1500 J60
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
 Rectangular Pocket Milling
G172 P Q R X Y Z I J K
G173 I K P S T R F B J Z Rectangular Pocket
P0 - ROUGHING OPERATION
P1- FINISHING OPERATION
Q - DEPTH OF CUT FOR EACH PASS
R - REFERENCE POINT
X - RECTANGULAR POCKET X AXIS LEFT CORNER
Y - RECTANGULAR POCKET Y AXIS LEFT CORNER
Z - TOTAL DEPTH
I - TOTAL LENGTH IN X AXIS
J - TOTAL LENGTH IN Y AXIS
K - CORNER RADIUS OF THE POCKET
I - SIDE FINISHING ALLOWENCE
K - BASE FINISHING ALLOWENCE
P - CUTTER MOVEMENT IN %, i.e., 50% OF THE CUTTER Dia.
S - ROUGHING OPERATION SPINDLE SPEED
T - TOOL NUMBER
R - ROUGHING OPERATION FEED IN Z AXIS
F - ROUGHING OPERATION FEED IN X & Y AXES
B - FINISHING OPERATION SPINDLE SPEED
J - FINISHING OPERATION FEED IN X, Y & Z AXES
Z - SAFETY POSITION
Example 9: Programming for Rectangular Pocket Milling operation
Write a manual part program for Rectangular Pocket Milling Operation for the
component
O1005 shown
G21 G94
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M06 T1
M03 S1500
G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z5
G172 P0 Q1 R0.5 X-25 Y-
17.5 Z-4 I50 J35 K0
G173 P50 S1200 T1 R60
F100 B1500 J60 Z5 I0.1
K0.1
G172 P1 Q1 R0.5 X-25 Y-
17.5 Z-4 I50 J35 K0
G173 P50 S1200 T1 R60
F100 B1500 J60 Z5 I0 K0
G00 Z5
G91 G28 Z0
G28 X0 Y0
M05
M30
 Canned
Cycles
In order to simplify programming, the canned cycle command can execute
the specific operation using one G code, instead of several separated G code
commands in the program. It may be
G73 High speed peck Drilling cycle ,
G81 Continuous drilling cycle (or) Spot drilling cycle,
G83 Peck drilling cycle
In general, etc. cycle consists of six
canned
operations as shown below.
Return to initial point / R point in a canned cycle (G98 / G99)
G98
G_X_Y_Z_R_Q_P_F_K_
G99
Explanation of the parameters
G98 - Return to initial point in a canned cycle
G99 - Return to R point in a canned cycle
The other parameters would be explained in the specific canned cycle.
Function:
 G73 High speed peck Drilling cycle
G98
G73 _ X _ Y _ Z _ R _ Q _ P _ F _ K _
G99

Explanation of the parameters

X Y Drilling position of the X & Y axes
Z Depth of the drilling
R Z coordinates of the R point
Q Depth of cut for each peck
(always incremental value)
P Dwell time at the bottom of the drilling
F Feed rate
K Number of drill positions

Example:
M03 S1200
G90 G00 X10 Y10 Z10
G99 G73 X10 Y10 Z-2 R1 P500 Q1 F80 K1
G80
Example 10: Programming for Drilling operation using G73
Write a manual part program for Drilling Operation for the component shown
O1006
N10 G21 G94
N20 G91 G28 Z0
N30 G28 X0 Y0
N40 M06 T1
N50 M03 S1500
N60 G90 G00 X25 Y25 Z5
N70 G01 Z2 F100
N80 G73 G99 X25 Y25 Z-15 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1
G0 Z5
G80
N90 G73 G99 X-25 Y25 Z-15 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1
G0 Z4
G80
N100 G73 G99 X-25 Y-25 Z-15 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1
G0 Z5
G80
N110 G73 G99 X25 Y-25 Z-15 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1
N120 G00 Z5
N130 G80
N140 G91 G28 Z0
N150 G28 X0 Y0
N160 M05
N170 M30
Example 11: Programming for Drilling Operation on PCD by Using
G73
Write a manual part program for Drilling Operation on PCD Operation for the
component shown
1O1007
N1G21 G94 N23G73 G99X-35 Y0 Z-5 Q1 R0.5 F80
N2G91 G28 Z0 K1
N3G28 X0 Y0 N24G0 Z5
N4M06 T1 N25G80
N5M03 S1500 N26X-24.748 Y-24.748
N6G90 G00 X35 Y0 Z5 N27G73 G99X-24.748 Y-24.748 Z-5
N7G73 G99 X35 Y0 Z-5 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1
N8G0 Z5 N28G0 Z5
N9G80 N29G80
N10X24.748 Y24.748 N30X0 Y-35
N11G73 G99 X24.748 Y24.748 Z-5 Q1 N31G73 G99X0 Y-35 Z-5 Q1 R0.5 F80
R0.5 F80 K1 K1
N12G0 Z5 N32G0 Z5
N13G80 N33G80
N14X0 Y35 N34X24.748 Y-24.748
N15G73 G99 X0 Y35 Z-5 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1 N35G73 G99X24.748 Y-24.748 Z-5 Q1
N16G0 Z5 R0.5 F80 K1
N17G80 N36G00 Z5
N18X-24.748 Y24.748 N37G80
N19G73 G99X-24.748 Y24.748 Z-5 Q1 N38G91 G28 Z0
R0.5 F80 K1 N39G28 X0 Y0
N20G0 Z5 N40M05
N21G80 N41M30
N22X-35 Y0
Example 09: Programming for Drilling operation using Rotation
Command (G68)
Write a manual part program for Drilling Operation using Rotation command
for the component
O1009
G21 G94 G68 R315
G91 G28 Z0 M98 P6677 O6677
G28 X0 Y0 G00 Z5 G73 G99 X35 Y0 Z-5
M06 T1 G69 Q1 R0.5 F80 K1
M03 S1500 G91 G28 Z0 G00 Z5
G90 G00 X35 G28 X0 Y0 G80
Y0 Z5 M05 M99
G68 R0 M30
M98 P6677
G68 R45
M98 P6677
G68 R90
M98 P6677
G68 R135
M98 P6677
G68 R180
M98 P6677
G68 R225
M98 P6677
G68 R270
M98 P6677
G80 canned cycle cancel
G80 is canned cycle cancelled. Meanwhile, the point R and the point Z are all
cancelled.

G81 Continuous drilling cycle, Spot drilling cycle

G98
G81 _ X _ Y _ Z _ R _ F _ K _
G99

Explanation of the parameters

X Y Drilling position of the X & Y axes
Z Depth of the drilling
R Z coordinates of the R point
F Feed rate
K Number of drill positions

Example: M03 S1200

G90 G00 X0 Y20 Z10
G99 G81 X20 Y20 Z-8 R1 F60 K1
 G83 Peck drilling
cycle
G98
G83 _ X _ Y _ Z _ R _ Q _ P
_F_K_
G99
Explanation of the parameters
X Y Drilling position of the X & Y
axes
Z Depth of the drilling
R Z coordinates of the R point
Q Depth of cut for each peck
(always incremental value)
P Dwell time at the bottom of the
drilling
F Feed rate
K Number of drill positions
Function
G83 command can perform a peck
drilling. The given feed allows the
operator to remove the chips from
the drill.
Example: M03 S1200
G90 G00 X10 Y10 Z10
 Study of Tool Offset Process for XL MILL CNC
Vertical Machining Centre
Tool offset process:
Select Tool Offsets from Job/Tooling Main Menu.

After Selecting Tool offsets the following window appears. Choose required
tool position and Double Click on it. The following window appears on the
screen. Manually enter TOOL RAD and ACTUAL DIAM.
Then Add Tool To Library. The following window appears and Click OK on CNC
TRAINER
SETTINGS.

The Selected Tool should be brought either rapidly or manually Nearer to

the left edge of the billet using all the three axes.
 Then Click on the SPDL CW with S
1500 RPM

Move the Tool in JOG Mode with Appropriate Displacement until tool touches
the edge of the billet as shown below.
Now Select DATUM and then Click X axis on the CNC DISPLAY which will turn
into ZERO indicating the point has been made Zero in X axis.
Lift the Tool away from the billet by using Manual mode equal to the radius of
the cutter in X + direction and Select Datum and Click on X axis on the CNC
DISPLAY which will turn into ZERO indicating the point has been made Zero in
X axis.
Repeat the Procedure for taking the Offset in Y axis also.
For taking Z axis offset, bring the cutter to the surface of the billet by using
JOG Mode. As the cutter touches the billet Select Datum and Click on Z axis
on the CNC DISPLAY which will show Zero.

Offset for all the subsequent tools in Z axis are to be taken based on the
Length of first tool.
Procedur
es:
Select Tool Offsets from Job/Tooling Main
Menu.
Select Tool Type as per the Program and Select Tooling form CNC TRAINER
SETTINGS; choose required tool and Double Click on it. The following window
appears on the screen.
For taking Z axis offset, bring the cutter to the surface of the billet by using
JOG Mode. As the cutter touches the billet lick on Z LENGTH on the CNC
TRAINER SETTING which will show offset value with respect to first tool.

NOTE:
X and Y offsets remains same for
all the tool
 DONTS
Never Open Guard Doors While Machine is in
Running
Never Attempt to Bypass Guard Interlock, Safety
Devices etc.
Never Leave Machine Unattended While in Running
Never Adjust Tooling or Coolant While Machine is
Running
Never Use Broken or Worn Tooling
Never Remove any Warning or Instruction Tags
from Machine
Never Operate any Equipment if unusual or
Excessive Noise Vibration Occurs
Never Remove Chips with the Hands
Never Remove or load Work pieces While Machine
is in Motion
Never Allow the Operation or Repair of Equipment
 DOS
Always make sure all Tools are Securely Clamped in
Position

Always Consult your Authority when in Doubt

Always make sure all Tool Mounting Surfaces are

clean before Mounting Tools

Always Replace Blown Fuses with Fuses of the

Same Capacity

Switch off Power during Maintenance / Repair work

Negligence on the above points can cause Personal

Injury and Machine Damage
THANK YOU
 PART-2
FOR XLTURN
WITH
CNCTRAINv8
(FANUC controller)
 Specifications of the XLTURN
Note down the Specifications of the XLTURN
Specifications Units
XLTURN

Capacity
Chuck Size mm 100
Maximum Turning Diameter mm 32
Maximum Turning Length mm
120
Bed --
Slant Bed 45 deg
No. of Axis -- 2
Swing Over Bed mm
150
Swing Over Cross slide mm 50
Distance between Centers mm
210
from Spindle Face

Spindle
Spindle Motor Capacity HP 1
Programmable Spindle Speed pm 150-3000

Accuracy
 Specifications of the XLTURN

Specifications Units
XLTURN

Axis
X -Axis Travel mm
80
Z -Axis Travel mm
180
Rapid rate X / Z axes m/min
1.2m/min
Programmable Feed Rate X / Z axes mm / min 0
-1000
Axis Motor ( X & Z axis ) --
Stepper Motors

Turret & Tooling

Number of Stations Nos.
8
Tool Cross Section mm
12 x 12
Boring bar size mm
16
 Specifications of the XLTURN

Specifications Units
XLTURN

CNC Details
Control -- PC based 2
axis

Continuous path
Machine Dimensions
Height x Length x Depth mm 880 x 575 x
615
Machine Weight kg 150
Lubrication System -- Centralized Lubrication
System

Optional Accessories
CAM Software, Offline Programming Software, Auto Door, Pneumatic Chuck,
Work Bench, Loading / Unloading Arm, Stabilizer, Air Compressor.

Features
Compatible / Upgradable -- FMS / CIM
System
 Sample Program build-up for CNC Lathe
using FANUC System
CNC Program can be divided into three parts.

1. Start-up Program
2. Profile Program
3. End of the Program
1. Start-up Program
N10 O1000
N20G21 G98
N30G28 U0 W0
N40M06 T1
N50M03 S1500
N60G00 X32 Z5
Explanation:
N10 O1000 : While writing a program on FANUC controller first line has to b
with
letter O followed by four digit number which specifies the
number.
N20 G21 G98 : G21 -specifies that program is done in metric units.
G98 gives the unit of feed in mm / min.
N30G28 U0 W0: Makes the tool to go to home position.
U & W are secondary movements about x and z axis.
N40 M06 T1: Tool Change with tool position No: 1
N50 M03S1500: Makes the spindle rotation in clockwise with spindle rotates
at1500 RPM
N60 G00 X32 Z5:G00 gives rapid position of the tool to a point X32 Z5.
This is just above the billet. This point is called as the Tool
entry Point.

2. Profile Program: Profile program is based on the given part

drawing.

3. End of the Program

G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
Explanation:

G28 U0 W0: Makes the tool to go to home position.

U & W are secondary Movements about X and Z axis.
M05: Stop the Spindle
M30: Program End
 Programming Examples
Write a Manual Part Program for Facing Operation for the Component
shown below

EXAMPLE:01
PART PROGRAM EXPLANATION
N100 G01 Z-1 F80
O1001
N10 G21 G98 --Initial Settings
N20 G28 U0 W0 --Going to home position N110 G01 X-2
N30 M06 T1 --Tool Change Position No. 01
N40 M03 S1500 --Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM N120 G01 Z5
N50 G00 X33 Z5 --Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X33 Z5 at Rapid Traverse.
N60 G01 Z-0.5 F80 --Giving First depth of cut of 0.5 mm at a feed rate of 80 mm / min.
N130 G00 X33
N70 G01 X-2 --Moving the tool towards spindle centre line
N80 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis
N90 G00 X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position N150 G01 X-2
N160 G01 Z5
N100 G01 Z-1 F80 --Giving Second depth of cut
N110 G01 X-2 --Moving the tool towards spindle centre line
N120 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis N170 G00 X33
N130 G00 X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position
N140 G01 Z-1.5 F80 --Giving Third depth of cut N180 G01 Z-2 F80
N150 G01 X-2 --Moving the tool towards spindle centre line
N160 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis
N170 G00 X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position N190 G01 X-2
N180 G01 Z-2 F80 --Giving Fourth depth of cut
N190 G01 X-2 --Moving the tool towards spindle centre line N200 G01 Z5
N200 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis
N210 G00 X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position N210 G00 X33
N220 G01 Z-2.5 F80 --Giving Fifth depth of cut
N230 G01 X-2 --Moving the tool towards spindle centre line
N240 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis N220 G01 Z-2.5 F80
N250 G00 X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position
N260 G01 Z-3 F80 --Giving Sixth depth of cut N230 G01 X-2
N270 G01 X-2 --Moving the tool towards spindle centre line
N280 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis
N240 G01 Z5
N290 G00X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position
PART PROGRAM EXPLANATION
N300 G01 Z-3.5 F80 --Giving Seventh depth of
cut
N310 G01 X-2 -Moving the tool towards spindle
centre line
N320 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis
N330 G00 X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position
N340 G01 Z-4 F80 --Giving Eight depth of cut
N350 G01 X-2 --Moving the tool towards
spindle centre line
N360 G01 Z5 --Retract the tool in Z axis
N370 G00 X33 --Moving the tool to X33 position
N380 G28 U0 W0 --Going to home position
N390 M05 --Stop the spindle
N400 M30 --Program stops and rewind
Write a Manual Part Program for Turning Operation for the Component
shown below
EXAMPLE:0
2
O1002
G21 G98------Initial Settings
G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM
G00 X32 Z5------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X32 Z5 at Rapid Traverse
G01 X31 F80------Giving First depth of cut of 1 mm at a feed rate of 80 mm / min
G01 Z-25------Moving the tool towards Z-25 mm
G01 X32 -----Retract the tool in X axis
G00 Z5------Moving the tool to Z5 position
G01 X30 F8 ---Giving Second depth of cut of 1 mm at a feed rate of 80mm / min
G01 Z-25------Moving the tool towards Z-25 mm
G01 X32 ------Retract the tool in X axis
G00 Z5 ------Moving the tool to Z5 position
G01 X29 F80 ------Giving Third depth of cut of 1 mm at a feed rate of 80 mm / min
G01 Z-25 ------Moving the tool towards Z-25 mm
G01 X32 ------Retract the tool in X axis
G00 Z5 ------Moving the tool to Z5 position
G01 X28 F80 ------Giving Fourth depth of cut of 1 mm at a feed rate of 80mm / min
G01 Z-25 ------Moving the tool towards Z-25 mm
G01 X32 ------Retract the tool in X axis
G00 Z5 ------Moving the tool to Z5 position
G28 U0 W0 ------Going to home position
M05 ------Stop the spindle
M30 ------Program stop and rewind
Write a Manual Part Program for Linear and Circular profile for the
Component
shown
EXAMPLE:0
3
O1003

N10 G21 G98------Initial Settings

N20 G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
N30 M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
N40 M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM
N50 G00 X32 Z5------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X32 Z5 at Rapid
Traverse
N60 G01 X18 F80------Defining First point in X axis at a feed rate of80 mm/
min
N70 G01 Z0------Defining Z axis
N80 G01 X20 Z-4 F80------Moving the tool both X and Z axes
N90 G01 Z-16------Moving the tool to Z-16 mm position
N100 G03 X24 Z-20 R4 ------Tool Movement in Circular Interpolation with Anti-
Clockwise direction
N110 G01 Z-30------Tool Movement along Z-30 mm
N120 G01 X32 Z-38 ------Tool movement both X and Z axes
N130 G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
N140 M05------Stop the Spindle
N150 M30------Program Stop & Rewind
By Using Turning
Cycles
Facing Cycle(G94)
EXAMPLE:0
4
O1004
G21 G98
G28 U0 W0
M06 T1
M03 S1500
G00 X33Z5
G94 X22 Z-0.5 F80
Z-1
Z-1.5
Z-2
Z-2.5
Z-3
Z-3.5
Z-4
Z-4.5
Z-5
Z-5.5
Z-6
Z-6.5
Z-7
Z-7.5
Z-8
G00 X33 Z-8
G94 X28 Z-8.5F80
Z-9
Z-9.5
Z-10
Z-10.5
Z-11
Z-11.5
Z-12
Z-12.5
Z-13
Z-13.5
Z-14
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
URNING Cycle(G90)
Write a Manual Part Program for Turning Operation for the
Component
EXAMPLE:0 shown
6
O1006

G21 G98------Initial Settings

G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM
G00 X33 Z5------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X33 Z5 at Rapid Traverse
G90 X31 Z-26 F100------Calling G90 Cycle and defining first depth of cut
X30------Defining second depth of cut
X29
X28
X27 Z-14
X26
X25
X24
X23
X22
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
 Multiple Facing Cycle (G72)
Description:
Multiple facing cycles is used when the major direction of cut is along the X
axis. This cycle requires two blocks are needed to specify the all parameters.
Format:
G72 W (d) R(e)
G72 P(A') Q(B) U(u) W(w) F
W-Depth of cut in Z axis
R-Relief Amount
P-Starting block of the profile
Q-Finishing block of the profile
U-Finishing Allowance in X axis
W-Finishing Allowance in Z axis
F-Feed Rate
Note:
This cycle needed two blocks
to specify the all parameters.

With BLOCK NO. N1 and N2

Write a Manual Part Program for Multiple Facing Operation
for the Component shown (G72)
EXAMPLE:0
5
O1005 Format:
G21 G98 G72 W (d) R(e)
G28 U0 W0 G72 P(A') Q(B) U(u)
M06 T1 W(w) F
M03 S1500 W-Depth of cut in Z axis
G00 X33 Z5 R-Relief Amount
G72 W0.5 R1 P-Starting block of the
G72 P1 Q2 U0.1 W0.1 F100 profile
N1 G01 Z-38 F100 Q-Finishing block of the
G01 X32 profile
G01 X24 Z-30 U-Finishing Allowance in X
G01 Z-20 axis
G02 X20 Z-16 R4 W-Finishing Allowance in Z
G01 Z-4 axis
N2 G01 X18 Z0 F-Feed Rate
G28 U0 W0
M06 T3
M03 S1800
G00 X33 Z5
G70 P1 Q2 S1800 F80
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
 Multiple Turning Cycle (G71)
Description:
Multiple turning cycles is used when the major direction of cut is along the
Z axis.
Format:
G71U(d)R(e)
G71P(A')Q(B)U( u)W( w)
F
U-Depth of cut in X axis
R-Relief Amount
P-Starting block of the
profile
Q-Finishing block of the
profile
U-Finishing Allowance in X
Note:
axis
This cycle needed
W-Finishing two blocks
Allowance in Z
to specify the all parameters.
axis
F-Feed Rate
With BLOCK NO. N1 and N2
Write a Manual Part Program for Multiple Turning Operation
for the Component shown
EXAMPLE:0
7
O1007 Format:
G21 G98 G71U(d)R(e)
G28 U0 W0 G71P(A')Q(B)U( u)W(
M06 T1 w)F
M03 S1500 U-Depth of cut in X
G00 X32 Z5 axis
G71 U0.5 R1 R-Relief Amount
G71 P1 Q2 U0.1 W0.1 F100 P-Starting block of the
N1 G01 X18 F100 profile
G01 Z0 Q-Finishing block of
G01 X20 Z-4 the profile
G01 Z-16 U-Finishing Allowance
G03 X24 Z-20 R4 in X axis
G01 Z-30 W-Finishing Allowance
N2 G01 X32 Z-38 in Z axis
G28 U0 W0 F-Feed Rate
M06 T2
M03 S1800
G00 X32 Z5
G70 P1 Q2 S1800 F80
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
Description: Grooving Cycle (G75)
This cycle is designated for grooving. This cycle also requires two blocks are
needed to specify the all parameters.
Format:
G75R (e)
G75 X Z P Q F
R-Return Amount, mm
X-Total Depth along X axis, mm
Z-Total Width along Z axis, mm
P-Depth of Cut in X axis (in Micron)
Q-Stepping distance in Z axis (in Micron)
F-Feed Rate, mm
 Write a Manual Part Program for Grooving Operation for the
Component shown(G75)
EXAMPLE:09
O1009
G21 G98------Initial Settings
G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
M03 S400------Spindle clockwise with 400 RPM
G00 X33 Z-18------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X33 Z-18at Rapid Traverse
[15+3 = 18]
G75 R1------Calling G75 Cycle and defining Cycle Parameters
G75 X28 Z-20 P50 Q1000 F40 ------Defining Cycle Parameters
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
O1009
G21 G98
G28 U0 W0
M06 T1
M03 S400
G00 X33 Z-18
G75 R1
G75 X28 Z-20 P50 Q1000 F40
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
 Threading Cycle (G92)
Description
The G92 command performs
Single pass threading cycle.
Only the x axis moves need to
be entered in subsequent
blocks, up to the minor
diameter value.

Format
G92XZF
Where,
X-Minor Diameter, mm
Z-Thread Length, mm
F-Pitch of the Thread, mm
Write a Manual Part Program for Threading Operation for the
Component shown
EXAMPLE:11

Majo
r
O1011
G21 G98------Initial Settings
G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM
G00 X32.5 Z5------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X32.5 Z5 at Rapid
Traverse
G92 X31.9 Z-14 F1------Calling G92 Cycle and defining First Depth of Cut
X31.8
X31.7
X31.6
X31.5
X31.4
X31.3
X31.2
X31.1
X31
X30.9
X30.8
X30.774
X30.774
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
 Multiple Threading Cycle(G76)
Description:
Thread cutting cycle can be commanded
by the G76 command as shown in the
figure. This cycle also requires two
blocks are needed to specify the all
parameters.

Format:
G76P (m) (r)(a)Q (dmin)R (d)
G76XZP (k)Q (d)F
m-No. of repeats for finishing
operation
r-Chamfering amount
a-Tool angle, degree
Q-Minimum Cutting Depth, (in
Micron)
R-Finishing Allowance, (in mm)
X- Minor Diameter, mm
Z-Thread Length, mm
P (k)-Thread Height, (in Micron)
Q (d)-Depth of cut for first pass(in
Micron)
F-Pitch of the thread, mm
 Write a Manual Part Program for Multiple Threading
Operation for the Component shown
EXAMPLE:10

Majo
r
O1010 Format:
G21 G98------Initial Settings G76P (m) (r)(a)Q (dmin)R (d)
G28 U0 W0------Going to home G76XZP (k)Q (d)F
position m-No. of repeats for finishing
M06 T1------Tool Change Position operation
No. 01 r-Chamfering amount
M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise a-Tool angle, degree
with 1500 RPM Q-Minimum Cutting Depth, (in
G00 X32.5 Z5------Tool Moving to Micron)
Tool Entry Point X32.5 Z5 at Rapid R-Finishing Allowance, (in mm)
Traverse X-Minor Diameter, mm
G76 P040060 Q50 R0.01 Z-Thread Length, mm
------CallingG76 Cycle and defining P (k)-Thread Height, (in Micron)
cycle parameters Q (d)-Depth of cut for first
G76 X30.774 Z-14 P613 Q100 pass(in Micron)
F1 F-Pitch of the thread, mm
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
 Drilling
Description: Cycle:G74
This cycle is designated for deep hole drilling, the drill entering the work
piece by a predetermined amount then backing off by another set amount to
provide breaking and allowing swarf to clear the drill flutes. This cycle is
commanded by two distinct lines of parameters.

Format:
G74R (e)
G74XZQ (k)F
R (e)-Return
Amount,mm
X-Always Zero, mm
Z-Drilling Depth,
mm
Q-Depth of Cut
in Z axis (in Micron)
F-Feed Rate, mm
 Write a Manual Part Program for Drilling Operation for the
EXAMPLE:13 Component shown
O1013
G21 G98------Initial Settings
G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM
G00 X0 Z5------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X0 Z5 at Rapid Traverse
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-5 Q500 F100
G28 U0 W0
M06T2------Tool Change Position No. 02
M03 S1200
G00 X0 Z5
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-24 Q500 F80
G28 U0 W0
M06 T3------Tool Change Position No. 03
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Z5
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-24 Q500 F60
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
 Programming for Boring
Operation(ID)
Write a Manual Part Program for Boring Operation for the
EXAMPLE:14 Component shown
O1014
G21 G98------Initial Settings
G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM
G00 X0 Z5------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X0 Z5 at Rapid Traverse
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-5 Q500 F100
G28 U0 W0
M06 T2------Tool Change Position No. 02
M03 S1200
G00 X0 Z5
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-24 Q500 F80
G28 U0 W0
M06 T3------Tool Change Position No. 03
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Z5
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-24 Q500 F60
G28 U0 W0
M06 T4------Tool Change Position No. 04
M03 S1200
G00 X12 Z5
G71 U0.5 R1------Calling G71 Cycle and defining
parameters
G71 P1 Q2 U-0.1 W0.1 F80
N1 G01 X26 F80
G01 Z0
G02 X22 Z-4 R4
G01 Z-14
G01 X16 Z-20
N2 G01 X12
G70 P1 Q2 S1400 F60
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
 Programming for Internal threading operation
Write a Manual Part Program for Internal threading operation for the
EXAMPLE:15 Component shown
O1015
G21 G98------Initial Settings
G28 U0 W0------Going to home position
M06 T1------Tool Change Position No. 01
M03 S1500------Spindle clockwise with 1500 RPM
G00 X0 Z5------Tool Moving to Tool Entry Point of X0 Z5 at Rapid Traverse
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-5 Q500 F100
G28 U0 W0
M06 T2------Tool Change Position No. 02
M03 S1200
G00 X0 Z5
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-30 Q500 F80
G28 U0 W0
M06 T3------Tool Change Position No. 03
M03 S1000
G00 X0 Z5
G74 R1------Calling G74 Cycle and defining parameters
G74 X0 Z-30Q500 F60
G28 U0 W0
M06 T4------Tool Change Position No. 04
M03 S1200
G00 X12 Z5
G90 X13 Z-24 F80------Calling G90 Cycle and defining parameters
X14
X15
X16
X17 Z-18
X18
X19
X20
X21
X22
X23
X24
X24.162
G28 U0 W0
M06 T1
M03 S400
G00 X24 Z5
G76 P040060 Q50 R0.01
G76 X26 Z-14 P919 Q100 F1.5
G28 U0 W0
M05
M30
Exercises
No.1
Exercises
No.1
Exercises
No.1
Exercises
No.2
Exercises
No.3
Exercises
No.3
Exercises
No.1
Exercises
No.1
Exercises
No.1
Exercises
No.3
 DOSAND DONTS FOR CNC MACHINES
DONTS
Never Open Guard Doors While Machine is in running.
Never Attempt to Bypass Guard Interlock, Safety Devices etc.
Never Leave Machine Unattended While in Running.
Never Adjust Tooling or Coolant While Machine is running.
Never Use Broken or Worn Tooling.
Never Remove any Warning or Instruction Tags from Machine.
Never operate any Equipment if unusual or Excessive Noise
Vibration Occurs.
Never Remove Chips with the Hands.
Never Remove or load Work pieces While Machine is in Motion.
Never Allow the Operation or Repair of Equipment by Untrained
Personnel.
Never Leave Tools or other items on the Machine.
Never Touch Electrical Equipment When Hands are Wet.
 DOSAND DONTS FOR CNC MACHINES

DOS

Always make sure all Tools are Securely Clamped in Position.

Always Consult your Authority when in Doubt.
Always make sure all Tool Mounting Surfaces are Clean before
Mounting Tools.
Always Replace Blown Fuses with Fuses of the Same Capacity.
Switch off Power during Maintenance / Repair work.
Negligence on the above points can cause Personal Injury and
Machine Damage.
THANK YOU