Submitted by Edgefx Team: Passenger Counter in Public Transport To Alert The Driver For Excess Entry

PASSENGER COUNTER IN PUBLIC
TRANSPORT TO ALERT THE DRIVER FOR

EXCESS ENTRY
SUBMITTED BY
EDGEFX TEAM
ABSTRACT
This application keeps the database of the number of
persons entering as well as exiting.
555 timer driven 38 KHz signal from IR LED gets
interrupted on to the IR receiver to sense the person
entering as well as exiting which is fed to a 555 timer.
The output of 555 timer is fed to the Microcontroller
for analyzing and control purpose
BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARD WARE EQUIPMENTS
POWER SUPPLY BLOCK
MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52/AT89C51)
IR LED
TSOP 1738 RECEIVER
BC547
555 TIMER
RELAY
SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY
LED
1N4007
RESISTORS & CAPACITORS
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Definition for :- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
A combination of hardware and software which together

form a component of a larger machine.
An example of an embedded system is a microprocessor that

controls an automobile engine.
An embedded system is designed to run on its own without

human intervention, and may be required to respond to
events in real time.
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
MICRO CONTROLLER
Compatible with MCS-51 Products
8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash
Memory
4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
Crystal Frequency 11.0592MHZ
Three-level Program Memory Lock
256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
Eight Interrupt Sources
Full Duplex UART Serial Channel

AT89S52
Watchdog Timer
PIN DIAGRAM OF AT89S52
SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY
The segments themselves are identified with

lower-case letters "a" through "g," with segment
"a" at the top and then counting clockwise.
The LEDS in a seven-segment display are not isolated
from each other. Rather, either all of the cathodes, or all of
the anodes, are connected together into a common lead, while
the other end of each LED is individually available.
This means fewer electrical connections to the package,
and also allows us to easily enable or disable a particular
digit by controlling the common lead.
There is no automatic advantage of the common-cathode
seven-segment unit over the common-anode version, or vice-
versa. Each type lends itself to certain applications,
configurations, and logic families.
BC547
The BC547 transistor is an NPN Epitaxial
Silicon Transistor.
The BC547 transistor is a general-purpose
transistor in small plastic packages.
It is used in general-purpose switching and
amplification BC847/BC547 series 45 V, 100 mA
NPN general-purpose transistors.
Whenever base is high, then current starts
flowing through base and emitter and after that
only current will pass from collector to emitter
RELAY
IT IS A ELECTRO MAGNETIC SWITCH
USED TO CONTROL THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES
COPPER CORE MAGNETIC FLUX PLAYS MAIN ROLE HERE

555 TIMER
The 555 Timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) implementing
a variety of timer and multivibrator applications.
The original name was the SE555 (metal can)/NE555 (plastic
DIP) and the part was described as "The IC Time Machine".
Depending on the manufacturer, the standard 555 package
includes over 20 transistors, 2 diodes and 15 resistorson a
silicon chip installed in an 8-pin mini dual-in-line package
(DIP-8)
PIN DIAGRAM OF 555
The 555 timer IC is a simple 8 pin DIL package IC.
It can:
be used as a monostable
be used as an astable
source or sink 100mA
use supply voltages of 5v to 15v
disrupt the power supply - use a decoupling
capacitor!
IR LED
An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose LED
that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm wavelength.
Such LEDs are usually made of gallium arsenide or aluminum
gallium arsenide. They, along with IR receivers, are commonly used
as sensors.
The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye
cannot see the infrared radiations, it is not possible for a person to
identify whether the IR LED is working or not, unlike a common
LED.
To overcome this problem, the camera on a cell phone can be used.
The camera can show us the IR rays being emanated from the IR
LED in a circuit.
TSOP 1738 RECEIVER PIN DIAGRAM
Its a standard IR remote control

receiver
supporting all major transmission
codes
Pin1 Connected to Ground
Pin2 Connected to Vcc
Pin3 Output Pin
In Between 1st Pin and 2nd Pin we have
to connect one Capacitor
TSOP 1738 Receives 14bit of data
TSOP 1738 FEATURES
Photo detector and preamplifier in one package

Internal filter for PCM frequency
TTL and CMOS compatibility
Output active low
Low power consumption
High immunity against ambient light
Continuous data transmission possible (up to 2400 bps)
Suitable burst length .10 cycles/burst
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Embedded C , ALP (Assembly Language)
COMPILERS:
Keil 2.0/3.0uv
DUMPING SOFT WARE:
Using Micro controller flash Software we are dumping our

HEX Code into Micro Controller
KEIL COMPILER WINDOW
BIBILOGRAPHY
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems by Muhammad Ali Mazidi and
Janice Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education.
ATMEL 89S52 Data Sheets.
www.atmel.com
www.beyondlogic.org
www.wikipedia.org
www.howstuffworks.com
www.alldatasheets.com
THANK Q

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PASSENGER COUNTER IN PUBLIC

TRANSPORT TO ALERT THE DRIVER FOR

A combination of hardware and software which together

An example of an embedded system is a microprocessor that

An embedded system is designed to run on its own without

8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash

Crystal Frequency 11.0592MHZ

Three-level Program Memory Lock

256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

32 Programmable I/O Lines

Three 16-bit Timer/Counters

Eight Interrupt Sources

Full Duplex UART Serial Channel

The segments themselves are identified with

USED TO CONTROL THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES

COPPER CORE MAGNETIC FLUX PLAYS MAIN ROLE HERE

The 555 timer IC is a simple 8 pin DIL package IC.

that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm wavelength.

Such LEDs are usually made of gallium arsenide or aluminum

gallium arsenide. They, along with IR receivers, are commonly used

The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye

cannot see the infrared radiations, it is not possible for a person to

identify whether the IR LED is working or not, unlike a common

To overcome this problem, the camera on a cell phone can be used.

Its a standard IR remote control

Photo detector and preamplifier in one package

Embedded C , ALP (Assembly Language)

DUMPING SOFT WARE:

Using Micro controller flash Software we are dumping our

Janice Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education.

ATMEL 89S52 Data Sheets.

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