November 2 doc.: IEEE 802.

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802 Smart Grid Tutorial

November 16, 2009

ZigBee Smart Energy

Hyatt Regency
Atlanta, Georgia, USA

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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Typical ZigBee Markets
Demand Response
Net Metering
Security TV
AMI, SCADA
HVAC VCR
AMR ENERGY MGT. DVD/CD
Lighting Control & EFFICIENCY CONSUMER Universal
BUILDING
Access Control AUTOMATION ELECTRONICS Remotes

Patient
monitoring Mouse
Fitness Keyboard
monitoring PERSONAL PC & Joystick
HEALTH CARE PERIPHERALS

TELECOM Security
Asset Mgt SERVICES
HVAC
Process Control M-commerce Lighting Control
Environmental Info Services Access Control
INDUSTRIAL HOME
Energy Mgt Object Interaction CONTROL Irrigation
CONTROL
(Internet of Things)
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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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ZigBee Network Interoperability
Application ZDO
Manufacturer Specific
Application
App Support (APS)
SSP
NWK
ZigBee
Compliant Medium Access (MAC)
Platform
Physical Radio (PHY)

Ensures Network Communications but not

Product Interoperability
There are multiple Compliant Platforms to
choose from
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ZigBee Product Interoperability
ZigBee Standard
Public Application Profile

ZigBee
Compliant
Product

Products with the same application profiles interoperate

end to end
ZigBee has published a set of Public Application Profiles
ensuring end product interoperability

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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Current ZigBee Applications
ZigBee Home Automation (ZHA)
ZigBee Smart Energy (ZSE)
Commercial Building Automation (CBA)
ZigBee Health Care (ZHC)
ZigBee Telecom Services (ZTS)

ZigBee RF4CE Remote Control Not Final

+Future profiles proposed by member companies

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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Smart Energy & Home Automation
Urgent demand for Smart Energy + compatibility with mainstream
Home Automation systems enables customer choice

Utility
UtilityAMI
AMI
Network
Network

Energy Services
Portal
(Electric Meter or Gateway)

Programmable
Communicating
Thermostat (PCT)

In-Home
Display

ZigBee
HAN Load Control
HVAC Device Mobile
System Phone

Submissio
n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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Utility Requirements for HANs
Utility
Retail products
UtilityAMI
AMI
Network
Network Competitive market/ No
Energy
vendor lock-in
Gateway

Electric Tstat
Low cost
Meter
HVAC Solutions for the Global
System

ZigBee Market
HAN Large pool of people
Smart
Appliances who understand the
Home Automation
technology
Water Meter
System
High levels of security
Lighting Controls
Gas Meter

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ZigBee Smart Energy Profile
Supported Features Include:
Basic metering [measurements, historical info, etc]
Demand Response (DR) and Load Control
Pricing [multiple units & currencies, price tiers, etc.]
Text messages
Device support for Programmable Communicating
Thermostats (PCTs), Load Controllers, Energy
Management Systems, In Home Displays (IHDs), etc.
Security to allow consumer only,
utility only, or shared networks
Support for water and gas

Submissio
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ZSE Security and Authentication
Device Security is critical requirement
Certificate
Authority Smart meter must have secure
Key
Distribution
communications for safe smart
grid
HAN devices & meters must have
strong authentication to assure
authorized devices and use

Utilizes a Certificate Authority for the

device keys

Incorporates an Out-of-Band step for

an added layer of security
Secure
Link
Process has been independently
audited and approved by Carnegie-
Mellon

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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Centerpoint Energy Vision

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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TXU Energy Broadband Project
ZigBee enabled thermostats and gateways
Active program launched in June 2008
Self installation by home owner
Plug and Play
Integrates ZigBee technology into
home area networks
Internet based demand
response program

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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TXU System Architecture

iThermostat

Comverge LMS
System

iThermostat

Internet
Ethernet-ZigBee
Gateway
ConnectWare
Software

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TXU Energy iThermostat Website

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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ZigBee - Looking Forward PLC

Utility
Network
ZigBee IP Stack
ZigBee
802.15.4 / PLC /
/ PRO Other

Secure
Secure Interface
Interface ZigBee/PRO
Enhancements
New
ZigBee +
Profile
/ PRO ZigBee Green
Power

ZigBee / PRO

Proxy Interface Proxy Interface

ZigBee RF4CE
Not Final Not Final

Today Tomorrow

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Enhanced ZigBee Smart Energy
Integration with ZigBee IP stack and PLC
Exploits the benefits of wireless and wired
Support for Forward-Thinking Developments
(PHEVs, Distributed Generation, etc.)
Working closely with IEC, EPRI, AHAM,
SAE, ESMIG, and others on requirements
Other Improvements based
on continuing feedback
and Market needs
One of the initial 16
on the NIST list for the Smart Grid

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n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A
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Why a ZigBee IP stack?
The United States Congress suggested it in relation to
Stimulus Funding access and US utilities are now
requiring it as part of their future networks.
Offers alternatives not new capabilities
What will be in it?
MAC 15.4 2006 with MAC security
6lowPAN packet format and fragmentation
ROLL routing
Plus other features essential to effective sensor
networks

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Smart Energy 2.0 and ZigBee IP Background
US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Direction on standards selection
UCA International OpenSG
OpenHAN System Requirements Specification (SRS)
Market Requirements Document (MRD) and Use Cases for Smart Energy
2.0
ZigBee
Developing IETF based IP stack for IEEE 802.15.4 based platforms
based on OpenHAN SRS and Smart Energy 2.0 MRD
HomePlug
Developing IEEE P1901 compliant powerline carrier solutions:
HomePlug AV and HomePlug SE
Recognized Standards Development Organizations (SDOs)
IETF, IEC, IEEE, W3C

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ZigBee IP Architecture Overview

Meets Smart Energy 2.0 MRD:

Shall source existing standards from
internationally recognized standards bodies with
preferential treatment given to the following
standards bodies: IEEE, IETF, IEC, ISO, and the
W3C
Where standards do not exist, new standards shall be
proposed and developed within these organizations
Clean layered architecture

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ZigBee IP Standards Selection
IEEE 802.15.4-2006 with some extensions proposed in task group 4e
IETF networking standards:
6LowPAN (RFC 4944)
IPv6 (RFC 2460)
UDP, ICMP (probably not TCP)
ROLL (in Internet-Draft form now)
IEC standards
61968 CIM
Extensions from ZigBee SE and OASIS (harmonized back into the CIM)
W3C standards
EXI (probably, though could be another tokenized XML solution)

Missing technology we are working on in other standards groups :

Binary HTTP, SOAP over UDP or similar binary web services transport protocol
(though IETF 6LowAPP or Transport Work Group)
Embedded Service Location Protocol (SLP) (through IETF)
MAC enhancements (in IEEE 802.15 task group 4e)
Meter Access Side Communications standard (in IEEE 802.15 task group 4g)

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ZigBee Smart Energy 2.0 Development Plan
MAC/PHY
IEEE 802.15.4-2006
HomePlug AV/SE
Interoperate with any other MAC/PHY (WiFi,
Ethernet, etc.)
Networking
IETF standards
Application
Aligned with IEC 61968 CIM
Message syntax defined through XML

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ZSE 2.0-- Process Going Forward
IETF IP networking stack (aligns with PAP 1)
PAP 3, 4, 9 and 10 align with the IEC 61968 CIM.
ZigBee SE 2.0 and OASIS will create syntax from the
model
IEEE 802.15.4 aligns with PAP 2
NIST Phase 3 Certification (defined at the end of
2009)
Align ZigBee Smart Energy V2 certification and
interoperability process around NIST approved
certification process

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Why ZigBee+Power Line Carrier?
Simplified installation for new smart energy
applications in large apartment or
commercial buildings with no other control
networks
Further expansion of the Home Area
Network market by enhancing the ease of
use and commercial viability of Smart Energy
Advent of PHEVs in 2010 requires energy
management system to address technical
and business problems related to
charging/discharging, billing, and access
management.
Common system architecture and application
profile interface for home energy devices
independent of networking technology

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QUESTIONS?

Submissio
n Slid Robert F. Heile, ZigBee A