UNITED KINGDOM

Law enforcement in the United Kingdomis organized

separately in each of the legal systems of the United
Kingdom: England and Wales,Northern
IrelandandScotland. Most law enforcement is
carried out bypolice officersserving in regional police
services within one of these jurisdictions. These
regional services are complemented by UK-wide
agencies, such as theNational Crime Agency, and
specialist bodies hosted by regional police forces, such
as theSpecialist Operations directorate of
theMetropolitan Police.
Mission and Vision
Philippines United Kingdom
Enforce the law, prevent and In cooperation with individuals
control crimes, maintain peace and communities, the police
and order ensure public safety provide security for people and
and internal security with the property, prevent, detect and
active support of the investigate crime, provide
community public order, protect the state
border and contribute to road
The Men and Women of the PNP traffic safety. They assume
are committed to a vision of a their share of responsibility for
professional, dynamic and national security, control of the
highly motivated Philippine external border, expanding the
National Police working in area of freedom, security and
partnership with a responsive justice and meeting other
community towards the international obligations.
attainment of a safe place to With their expertise and quality
live, work, invest and do services, the police effectively
business with. face the security
challenges and ensure a high
level of security.
Powers and Functions
Philippines United Kingdom
Enforce all laws and ordinance The higher ranks are given
relative to the protection of administrative powers to
lives and properties; authorize certain police
Maintain peace and order and actions. A police authority has
take all necessary steps to the power to call for reports
ensure public safety; from its chief constabulary.
Investigate and prevent Authorize the continued
crimes, effect the arrest of detention of up to 24 hours of a
criminal offenders, bring person arrested for an offense
offenders to justice and assist and brought to a police station
in their prosecution; often granted to Sergeants
Exercise the general powers to Authorize section house
make arrest, search and searches, granted to Inspectors
seizure in accordance with the Extend the length of prisoner
Constitution and pertinent detention to 36 hours, granted
laws; to Superintendents.
Detain an arrested person for a In relation to the performance
period not beyond what is of his duties every constable is
prescribed by law, informing accountable to the law. He or
the person so detained of all she can be sued
his rights under the administratively
Powers and Functions
Philippines United Kingdom
Issue licenses for the or criminally for violations of
possession of firearms and police discipline code or criminal
explosives in accordance with law.
law;
Supervise and control the
training and operations of
security agencies and issue
licenses to operate security
agencies, and to security
guards and private detectives
for the practice of their
professions; and
Perform such other duties and
exercise all other functions as
may be provided by law.
Miscellaneous Police Service
Philippines United Kingdom
May be categorized to law There is no separate traffic
enforcement, maintenance of bureau in the UK. All the traffic
peace and order and crime law enforcement functions
investigation. come under the police force of
In undertaking law the area concerned, although
enforcement, the police are some highway patrol units are
empowered to stop, question, made up of personnel and
detain, and arrest people who vehicles from more than one
violate the law. force area
The maintenance peace and In some forces traffic patrol
order includes preventive constitutes a separate division
patrol which entails police with its own command
officers visible presence on the structure while in some other
streets and public places of areas the whole policing
their area of responsibilities. function-Criminal
Crime investigation is the Investigations Department
prominent role of the police (CID)
while engaging in a variety of The chief Superintendent of the
community and miscellaneous patrol and traffic divisions are
functions. responsible for all aspects of
crime and traffic, and a small
Miscellaneous Police Service
Philippines United Kingdom
There is also a computerized
criminal intelligence system
with Home Office technical
backing. This is a sensitive
development and has been
more controversial than other
projects. There is no public
access to crime data banks or
to police information generally.
Organizational Structure
Organizational Structure
Recruitment and Selection
Philippines United Kingdom
A person of good moral There is a national entrance
character; must have passed test, which is supplemented by
the psychiatric, psychological, a thorough interview,
physical, medical and dental, culminating in either the chief
and drug tests to be of constable or one of his
administered by the PNP assistants giving the final
Health Service and Crime approval.
Laboratory Service or by any Prior to final acceptance, an
NAPOLCOM accredited exhaustive screening
government hospital for the procedure examines the
purpose of determining applicants entire suitability for
appointees physical and police work.
mental health.
The applicant must possess a
formal baccalaureate degree
from a recognized learning
institution.
Must not convicted by final
judgment of an offense or
crime involving moral
turpitude.
Education and Training
Philippines United Kingdom
(PSBRC) Public Safety Basic It is organized under three
Recruit Course main heads probationer
(FTP) Field Training Program training, specialized training,
PO2 are allowed to take up and higher training. These
specialized courses relevant to training prepare police officers
the positions they actually hold for the middle and higher ranks
or consistent with the functions in the service. Single tier
of the unit where they are entry has been standard for
assigned. the British police for past 150
PO3 and SPO1 should have years.
finished the PSJLC prior to All entrants to the service,
promotion and attestation. even those who come from
SPO2 and SPO3 should have universities, join as
finished the PSSLC prior to probationary constables.
promotion and attestation. A probationer receives one or
SPO4 may or may not take up more weeks of orientation
the PSOCC. training in the force he has
PSOBC is required for P/Insp joined then normally attends a
and P S/Insp 10-week initial training course
at District Training Center.
Specialized training courses
Education and Training
Philippines United Kingdom
PSOAC is required for P C/Insp To prapare officers for the
PSOSEC is required for P/Supt middle and higher ranks,
and P S/Supt higher police training is
Police officers absorbed into undertaken. This is mainly
the PNP with the rank lower concentrated at the Police Staff
than P S/Supt and lateral College, Bramshill, Hampshire,
entrants not coming from the England and Scotland, Tulliallan
PNPA shall undergo a Public Castle, Kincardine.
Safety Officers Orientation
Course (PSOOC)
Personnel Strength
Philippines United Kingdom
On the average nationwide, the The ratio of police-to-
manning level of the PNP shall population varies from 347 per
be approximately in police officer in Merseyside to
accordance with a police-to- 523 in Derbyshire. In the
population ratio of the Metropolitan Police it is 278
policemen for every 500 persons per police officer, and
persons. the average ratio throughout
The actual strength by cities the country is 414 persons per
and municipalities shall depend police officer.
on the state of peace and
order, population density and There were 143,734 full-time
actual demands of the service equivalent (FTE) police officers
in the particular area. in a 43 police forces of England
However, the minimum police- and Wales as of March
to-population ratio shall not be 31,2010. There was a decrease
less than one (1) policeman for of 35 officers compared to the
every one thousand (1,000) previous year.
persons.
Urban areas shall have a
higher minimum police-to-
population.
Personnel Strength
Philippines United Kingdom
The actual total strength of the
PNP was 137,416, broken down
as follows: Police
Commissioned Officers (PCO)
-11,785, Police Non-
Commissioned Officers (PNCO)
-121,011, and Non-Uniformed
Personnel (NUP) -4,620.
Rank Classifications
Philippines United Kingdom
Police Commissioned Officer : Police forces and special forces
-Director General outside London
-Deputy Director General -Chief Constable
-Director -Deputy Chief Constable
-Chief Superintendent -Assistant Chief Constable
-Senior Superintendent -Chief Superintendent
-Superintendent -Superintendent
-Chief Inspector -Chief Inspector
-Senior Inspector -Inspector
-Inspector -Sergeant
Police Non-Commissioned -Constable
Officer: Within Londons Metropolitan
-Senior Police Officer IV Police Service the ranks are
-Senior Police Officer III identical to those outside
-Senior Police Officer II London, until Chief
-Senior Police Officer I Superintendent. In London, the
-Police Officer III chief rank are as follows:
-Police Officer II -Commissioner
-Police Officer I -Deputy Commissioner
-Assistant Commissioner
Personnel Strength
Philippines United Kingdom
-Deputy Assistant Commissioner
-Commander
The Special Constabulary
-Chief Officer
-Assistant Chief Officer
-Special Chief Inspector
-District Officer-similar in role to
an Inspector
-Section Officer-similar to the role
of Constabulary Sergeant
-Special Constable
Traffic, Wardens and Police-
Community Support Officers do
not have a rank structure
Uniform Regulation
Philippines United Kingdom
The PNP GOA A is worn during All the police forces in the
daily office attire, during United Kingdom wear basically
heightened alert status, the same uniform with only
appearance at Malacaan, minor differences in detail. It
Senate, Congress, Courts, and consist of an open-necked dark
as Directed by higher authority blue belted tunic with four
Tourist police uniform is worn in pockets and with matching
the following areas: identified trousers. In most forces
tourist destination, places constables and sergeants wear
where foreign nationals reside a light blue shirt, but in some
and other recognized areas forces all ranks wear a white
frequented by both foreign and shirt and a black tie. Most
local tourist constables and sergeants wear
Policemen patrolling the streets the well-known British bobbys
are sporting upper uniform helmet.
bearing their names and badge When not on foot patrol, a
numbers to allow citizens to peaked cap with a blue and
distinguish them from criminals white diced band is worn.
masquerading as law enforcers Inspector and higher ranks
always wear a cap with black
braid on peak for inspectors,
Uniform Regulations
Philippines United Kingdom
The new police patrol uniforms elaborate silver thread for higher
is light blue polo shirts ranks
embroidered with the PNP In summer, shirtsleeves are
insignia and with the name, allowed, sometimes without
rank, and designation of the ties and the badges of rank are
policeman. The word PULIS is then worn on blue epaulettes
embroidered on the back with fitted to the shoulders of the
yellow thread. This uniform is shirt.
worn by beat patrollers. The In general British Police Service
new police patrol uniforms is unarmed except when on
come with a standard whistle, special situations and
cap, and leather shoes. assignments.
Firearms and Equipment
Philippines United Kingdom
The PNP has in its possession The following are commonly
of the following firearms and issued to authorized firearms
equipment, issued to the rank officers:
and file: M16, M19 Pistol, Glock - Glock 17 Pistol, Glock 26 Pistol,
Pistol, M1911, Remington 870, Sig Sauer P226 Pistol, Walther
Remington 1100, Baton P99 Pistol, Heckler & Koch MP5
locally known as Batuta, semi-automatic carbine, Steyr
Floro MK-9, MSSR rifle used by AUG Semi-automatic carbine,
the PNP SWAT, M14, FAMAS Heckler & Koch G36C semi-
used by Special Action Forces automatic carbine, Heckler &
and Koch L104A1 baton gun less
HK G36 lethal option-fires rubber bullets,
and X26 Taser- a non lethal
weapon.
In some circumstances, fully
automatic firearms can be
authorized for use:
-Heckler & Koch MP5 A3, MP5K
and MP5 SD3 fully automatic sub-
machine gun, Browning L9A1
pistol Ministry of Defense Police,
Firearms and Equipment
Philippines United Kingdom
Defense Police. The Civil Nuclear
Constabulary used a range of
heavier weapons up to automatic
cannon of 30mm caliber.
Communication Network
Philippines United Kingdom
HF/SSB Radio-for direct and VHF systems joins adjoining
long range comunications, High force headquarters and is the
Frequency/ Single Slide Band main base-to-car system.
Radio (HF/SSB), VHF/FM Radio- Officers on foot patrol are
the Very High equipped with personal radios
Frequency/Frequency on UHF.
Modulated (VHF/FM) radios of 9-9-9 emergency call system
the PNP units/offices, UHF
Trunked Radio used by NCRPO
and selected PPO of PRO 3 and
PRO 4
For administrative messages
the data communications of
the PNP utilizes the leased
lines of RCPI and BAYANTEL.
Voice channel for telephone
system terminated at the
Private Automatic Branch
Exchange of NHQ
Mobility and Transportation
Philippines United Kingdom
Transportation used by PNP are Patrol Cars-In most forces
Ford Focus, Nissan Frontier these vehicles are low-
Navara, Toyota Altis, Toyota budgetcompact cars due to
Vios, Toyota Innnova, Toyota the simple tasks they need to
Revo, HMMWV, Honda car, perform. TheVauxhall
Mitsubishi car, Toyota Hilux, CorsaandFord Fiesta have
Eurocopter-AS350 France utility both been used as patrol cars
helicopters; Robinson R44 by forces recently.
United States patrol Response Cars- Many response
helicopters; Willys MB, Isuzu D- cars in the UK now also carry
Max, Mitsubishi L300, and mobile technology which can
various Honda, Kawasaki, be linked to police databases
Suzuki, Yamaha, and other andautomatic number plate
motorcycle brands, Toyota recognitiontechnology. Most
Corolla, Toyota Corolla, response cars have sirens.
Mitsubishi Strada, Mitsubishi TheVauxhall AstraorFord
Lancer, and Mitsubishi Pajero Focusare a classic but key car
in police response units.
Area Cars - may be various
high performance
vehicles.Vauxhall
Mobility and Transportation
Philippines United Kingdom
Octavia,Volvo XC70and the
recentFord Mondeo have all
been used as area cars in past
years. Some area cars may be
tasked for rural patrols or
highway duties so may utilize
4x4 capability when needed.
Traffic Cars- The most common
traffic car used by British police
RPU's is theBMW 530dwhile
models from Audi, such as
theAudi S3are also becoming
popular as unmarked units.
Forensic Science Service
Philippines United Kingdom
Provided under section 35, of TheForensic Science
RA. No. 6975, there shall be Service(FSS) was
established Crime Laboratory agovernment-owned
which shall provide scientific companyin theUnited
and technical investigative Kingdomwhich
agencies. providedforensic science
It shall also provide crime services to thepolice
laboratory examination, forcesandgovernmentagencie
evaluation and identification of s ofEngland andWales, as well
physical evidences involve in as other countries.
crimes with primary emphasis TheUK
on their medical, chemical, Governmentannounced the
biological and physical nature. closure of the FSS in December
Other services are as follows: 2010, citing monthly losses of
- personal identification, DNA up to 2m as justification. The
examination, questioned FSS finally closed on 31 March
document examination, forensic 2012. The FSS archives - a
photography service, polygraph collection of case files and
examination, forensic ballistic retained casework samples
examination, medico legal such as microscope slides, fibre
examination, and bomb explosion samples and DNA samples -
Forensic Science Service
Philippines United Kingdom
It had seven main laboratories
across England and Wales:
- Trident Court,
nrSolihull/Birmingham
- Priory HouseBirmingham
- Hinchingbrooke
Park,Huntingdon
- London (Lambeth) after
becoming an executive agency as
until then it had been the Met
Lab.
- Audby Lane,Wetherby, Leeds
- Usk Road,Chepstow
- Washington Hall,Chorley
- Aldermaston Laboratory,
Aldermaston