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Week 2: Design: o Introduction To Usability o The Design o Design: Defining Goals and Personas O CSCW o Mobile

The document discusses usability and design. It introduces usability, explaining definitions from ISO and Jacob Nielsen. Usability is important for reducing costs, meeting user needs, and improving satisfaction. Methods for evaluating usability include testing in labs or the field, inspections, and inquiries. Effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction are common metrics, and tasks should be real. Adequate sample sizes are important. The document also discusses defining goals and personas during the design process.

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kickthekids
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
66 views

Week 2: Design: o Introduction To Usability o The Design o Design: Defining Goals and Personas O CSCW o Mobile

The document discusses usability and design. It introduces usability, explaining definitions from ISO and Jacob Nielsen. Usability is important for reducing costs, meeting user needs, and improving satisfaction. Methods for evaluating usability include testing in labs or the field, inspections, and inquiries. Effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction are common metrics, and tasks should be real. Adequate sample sizes are important. The document also discusses defining goals and personas during the design process.

Uploaded by

kickthekids
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Week 2: Design

o Introduction to Usability
o The Design
o Design: Defining goals and personas
o CSCW
o Mobile
Introduction to Usability

Dr. Nor Azman Ismail


Related Questions today???

o What is usability?
o Why is usability important?
o How measuring usability?
What is poor usability?
“I really like it,
To end-users..
but I don’t use it “It doesn’t do
much” “Can’t it be what I need it
more like to do”
Google?”
“I can’t find
what I’m
“I don’t think it
looking for”
seems trustworthy”

“It’s very fancy, “I find it a bit


but it’s not very frustrating”
useful”
What is poor usability?
What is Usability???

o “User Friendly” ???

o Is not a synonym of
usability
o Avoid this expression!
What is Usability???

o It’s not about “is this product usable?”

o But it’s about “how usable this product?”


What is Usability???
What is Usability???

o “The effectiveness, efficiency,


and satisfaction with which
specified users achieve
specified goals in particular
environments.”
o source: ISO 9241-11

o applies equally to both


hardware and software design
What is Usability???

ISO 9241-11:

o Effectiveness: The accuracy and completeness with which


specified users achieve their own goals with the system.

o Efficiency: The resources expended in relation to the


accuracy and completeness of goals achieved.

o Satisfaction: The comfort and acceptability of the system to


the users and other people affected by its use.
What is Usability???

Jacob Nielson's definition:

o Learnability: How easy is it for users to accomplish basic


tasks the first time they encounter the design?

o Efficiency: Once users have learned the design, how quickly


can they perform tasks?

o Memorability: When users return to the design after a period


of not using it, how easily can they reestablish proficiency?
What is Usability???

Jacob Nielson's Definition (cont.):

o Errors: How many errors do users make, how severe are these
errors, and how easily can they recover from the errors?

o Satisfaction: How pleasant is it to use the design?


What is Usability???
Attributes of usability
User as starting point
Why usability is important?

o system development is expensive, and supporting a poorly


designed user interface is even more expensive;

o users will reject or work around systems that do not meet


their needs;

o design teams need to discover all problems users have in order


to provide remedies;

o even the best designers are not representative of the users of


the system, thus teams need to understand users' perspectives
and experiences with other systems;
Why usability is important?

o usability evaluation is an inexpensive way to improve systems


before they are implemented, to improve existing systems,
and to choose usable systems;

o business users do not have a lot of time to spend learning how


to use a system;

o businesses cannot train fast enough to keep pace with attrition


and changing business rules;
Why usability is important?

o people prefer a usable system with fewer features to a system


with gratuitous "bells and whistles" which they have to work
hard at figuring out; and

o people often use systems in ways developers did not expect,


and if designers find this out, they can build these features
into a new system
Where?

o Usability testing can be done wherever it is…


o in a real work setting

o or in a usability lab
When???

o During early design stages to:


o Predict product usability
o Check design teams understanding of user requirements
o Test out ideas

o Later in design process:


o Identify user difficulties
(fine tune product)
o Improve upgrade a product
How conducting usability evaluation?

Testing -Laboratory testing


-Thinking aloud

Usability -Heuristic Evaluation


Inspection -Cognitive Walkthrough
methods

Inquiry -Focus Group


-Questionnaires
Principles in testing

o Use real users

o Design real tasks

o Record and report the test


How many subjects?
How many subjects?
Setting up usability testing
Measuring Usability
o What can be measured?
o Performance measures: Counts of actions and behaviours
you can see
o Subjective measures: People’s perceptions, opinions and
judgments
Measuring usability
Effectiveness Efficiency User satisfaction
1. Percent task complete 1. Time to complete task 1. Rating scale for
2. Ratio of success to 2. Time to learn usefulness
failures 3. Time spent on errors 2. Rating scale for
3. Number of features satisfaction
used 3. Number of times user
express frustration
Measuring Usability
o Time
o The time taken to complete a task on a computer is an
obvious metric to choose. Whiteside et al (1985) have
proposed the following empirical relationship:
Measuring Usability

o Error Rate
o All users make errors. The number and type of errors made
during the performance of a particular task by a user is
clearly an indication of the usability of the system

o Attitude Measures
o attitude of the user of a system usually has to be found by
using questionnaires or interviews. These measures can
cover complete system use, from learnability, to ease of
use, to functionality.
Measuring Usability
The Design

Dr. Nor Azman Ismail


Video example of BMW iDrive
Design: Defining goals and personas

Dr. Nor Azman Ismail

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