Introduction To Flanges, Pipe & Fitting
Introduction To Flanges, Pipe & Fitting
Introduction To Flanges, Pipe & Fitting
By : Savita Pujari
Objectives
Overview of Industrial flanges, pipe & fitting
Flange Design Code
Types of Flange
Piping Design Code
Types of Pipe
Types of gasket
Types of fittings.
Flange Standards
ASME
DIN
AS
BS
ASME/ANSI
These are commonly referred to by their class rating eg. ANSI
150.
This standard specifies that for the standard 304L/316L grades, the
flanges must be forged and the most commonly stocked flanges are
weld-neck, slip on and blind.
In series B, class ratings 75, 150, 300, 400, 600 and 900.
DIN Flanges
The DIN series are rated with PN numbers which indicate the nominal
pressure rating in bar.
These for example are PN 6, PN10, PN16,PN25, and PN 40.
AS2129 - Flanges
Flat Face (commonly used on AS2129 Flanges)
They are commonly known as Table flanges, (eg Table D) and are
normally made from plate, hence slip-on, loose or blind flange are
the most common forms.
SORF
WNRF
BLIND
SOCKET WELD
THREADED
LAP JOINT
What is Flange
A flange is a forged or cast ring of steel designed to connect
sections of pipe or join pipe to a pressure Vessel, pump or
any other integral flanges assembly.
When to use Flanges?
Where there is a clear need for removal of valves or
equipment, for access of maintenance, or for blinding.
Because all flanged connections are potential leak
source, their use should be kept to the minimum needed
for safe and reasonably convenient operation and
maintenance.
Slip on raised face flange
The flange is slipped over the pipe and then
welded both inside and outside to provide
sufficient Strength and prevent leakage.
Although there are many varieties of pipe galvanized, copper, mild steel,
cast iron, stainless steel, plastic, fiberglass, concrete and clay, the most
common material used in piping industries is carbon steel.
Type of pipe
Seamless pipe
Butt-welded pipe
Spiral-welded pipe
Seamless pipe
Seamless pipe is formed by piercing a solid, near-
molten, steel rod, called a billet, with a mandrel to
produce a pipe that has no seams or joints.
Butt-welded pipe
Butt-welded pipe is formed by feeding hot steel plate
through shapers that will roll it into a hollow circular
shape. Forcibly squeezing the two ends of the plate
together will produce a fused joint or seam.
Spiral-welded pipe
Butt-welded pipe, for example, is formed from rolled plate that has
a more uniform wall thickness and can be inspected for defects
prior to forming and welding.
PTFE (Poly-Tetra-Fluoro-Ethylene)
EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)
SILICONE
PTFE
PTFE is generally used because of its outstanding chemical resistance.
Note that it can be prone to relaxation and creep. Therefore, expanded
or filled grades such as Fluolion Integraare often employed to overcome
some of these effects. PTFE can be used as a cover around the inside
edge of a fibre joint, to produce what is known as a PTFE envelope
gasket, as well as being used as a filler in spiral-wound gaskets, and as a
covering surface layer for Kammprofile gaskets.
EPDM