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    Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Ms. Lisbeth Rath Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

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    Hayden Buechler
    This document discusses the causes and impacts of Latin American revolutions from the late 18th century to the early 19th century. It identifies four main causes: 1) Enlightenment ideas challenging absolute monarchy, 2) Creole discontent over lack of representation, 3) Inspiration from the American and French Revolutions, and 4) European powers like Spain and Portugal being distracted by the Napoleonic Wars. Key figures like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín led revolutions that resulted in independence for many Latin American countries. However, the new nations struggled with instability, poverty, and control by dictatorial leaders known as caudillos.

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    Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Ms. Lisbeth Rath Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

    Uploaded by

    Hayden Buechler
    42 views37 pages
    This document discusses the causes and impacts of Latin American revolutions from the late 18th century to the early 19th century. It identifies four main causes: 1) Enlightenment ideas challenging absolute monarchy, 2) Creole discontent over lack of representation, 3) Inspiration from the American and French Revolutions, and 4) European powers like Spain and Portugal being distracted by the Napoleonic Wars. Key figures like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín led revolutions that resulted in independence for many Latin American countries. However, the new nations struggled with instability, poverty, and control by dictatorial leaders known as caudillos.

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    Early Latin American history

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    Early20cRevolutionsinLatinAmerica.ppt

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    This document discusses the causes and impacts of Latin American revolutions from the late 18th century to the early 19th century. It identifies four main causes: 1) Enlightenment ideas challenging absolute monarchy, 2) Creole discontent over lack of representation, 3) Inspiration from the American and French Revolutions, and 4) European powers like Spain and Portugal being distracted by the Napoleonic Wars. Key figures like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín led revolutions that resulted in independence for many Latin American countries. However, the new nations struggled with instability, poverty, and control by dictatorial leaders known as caudillos.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    42 views37 pages

    Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Ms. Lisbeth Rath Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

    Uploaded by

    Hayden Buechler
    This document discusses the causes and impacts of Latin American revolutions from the late 18th century to the early 19th century. It identifies four main causes: 1) Enlightenment ideas challenging absolute monarchy, 2) Creole discontent over lack of representation, 3) Inspiration from the American and French Revolutions, and 4) European powers like Spain and Portugal being distracted by the Napoleonic Wars. Key figures like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín led revolutions that resulted in independence for many Latin American countries. However, the new nations struggled with instability, poverty, and control by dictatorial leaders known as caudillos.

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    Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Ms.

    Lisbeth Rath
    Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
    European Empires: 1660s
    16c-18c:
    New Ideas Brewing in Europe
    Causes of Latin American
    Revolutions
    1. Enlightenment Ideas writings of John
    Locke, Voltaire, & Jean Rousseau;
    Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Paine.

    2. Creole discontent at being left out of


    government jobs and trade concessions.

    3. Inspiration of American and French


    Revolutions.

    4. Preoccupation of Spain & Portugal in


    fighting the Napoleonic Wars.
    1. Enlightenment Ideas
    1. Laws of nature [NATURAL LAWS]
    govern natural science and human
    society.

    2. Give people rights life, liberty,


    property!

    3. Make fair societies based on reason


    possible.

    4. Challenged the theory of Divine


    Right monarchy.
    Enlightenment
    Thinkers
    2. Creole Discontent
    3. Inspiration of American &
    French Revolutions

    Declaration of the
    Rights of Man & of the
    Citizen, 1789

    Declaration of
    Independence, 1776
    4. Preoccupation of Spain &
    Portugal In Fighting
    Napoleonic Wars
    Napoleon on the March

    Provides a model & a diversion!


    Latin American Revolutions!
    Toussaint LOuveture
    Leads a Revolution
    in Haiti
    (1804)
    Simn Bolivar:
    The Brains
    of the
    Revolution

    Creole leader of
    the revolutions in
    Venezuela.
    Spent time in
    Europe and the
    newly-independent
    United States.
    Simn Bolivar Meets Jos de
    San Martin
    The Muscle of the
    Bolivar coming Revolution
    from the
    North.

    Jos de St. Martn and


    Bernard OHiggins cross the
    Andes Mountains.
    Bolivar & San Martin Fight
    for Independence!
    Bolivars Accomplishment
    Bolivars Failure
    After uniting Venezuela,
    Columbia, & Ecuador into Gran
    Columbia, he left to help free
    the rest of Latin America.

    He died a year later, with his


    goal of uniting all of South
    America unfulfilled!
    Latin
    American
    States
    After the
    Revolutions
    1. Brazil Freed from
    Portugal
    The Portuguese royal
    family escaped
    Napoleon by fleeing to
    Brazil.

    Pedro I set up a new,


    independent kingdom in
    1821 when his father
    returned to Portugal.

    Pedro II assumed full


    power after Pedro I
    abdicated his throne.
    2. Independence
    for Spanish & Portuguese
    Latin America

    By the mid-1820s, revolts create


    many newly-independent nations.
    $ Toussaint LOuveture Haiti
    $ Bolvar, San Martn, & OHiggins
    in: Paraguay, Argentina, Chile,
    Uruguay, Peru, Bolivia, the
    United Provinces of Central
    America, and Gran Columbia!
    3. No Unity!
    Failure of Bolivars dream for a united
    South America:
    $ Many newly independent countries
    struggle with civil wars.
    By 1830s, geographic factors (mts.,
    the Amazon, etc.) plus cultural
    differences defeated attempts at
    unification.
    $ Gran Columbia.
    $ United Provinces of Central
    America.
    4. Independence Brought
    More Poverty

    The wars
    disrupted trade.

    The wars
    devastated the
    cities and the
    countryside.
    5. Left Many Countries in
    the Control of Caudillos
    WHO WERE THEY?:
    $ Mid-19c dictators military
    authoritarianism.
    $ Mostly wealthy creole aristocrats.
    $ Immediately followed the fight for
    independence.
    $ Posed as reformers with goals to
    improve the economy and better
    the lives of the common people.
    5. Left Many Countries in
    the Control of Caudillos

    WHO WERE THEY?:


    $ BUTOverthrew governments and
    took away basic human rights.
    $ Some attempted to make
    improvements, but most just cared
    about themselves and their families
    and friends [nepotism].
    $ Power changes usually occurred at
    bayonet-point [coup detats!]
    What is the Message?
    Additional Problems
    6. Feuds among leaders.
    7. Geographic barriers.
    8. The social hierarchy continued
    from the past.
    9. Conservatives favored the old
    social order.
    10. Liberals wanted land reform.
    11. Dependence on foreign nations for
    capital and for economic
    investments.
    The Caribbean:
    An American Lake
    The Colossus
    of the North
    2 US dominated affairs in the
    Americas.
    2 1823 Monroe Doctrine.
    2 US takes Texas and Mexican Cession.
    2 US gains independence for Cuba.
    2 Roosevelt Corollary US will police
    the America.
    2 US sent troops to Cuba, Haiti,
    Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua.
    2 US built Panama Canal Yankee
    imperialism.
    The Panama Canal
    Big Stick Foreign Policy
    Cause of the Mexican
    Revolution of 1910?
    Mexican Revolutionaries

    Emiliano
    Zapata

    Pancho Villa

    Venustiano
    Carranza
    Francisco I Madero Porfirio Diaz
    The Mexican Revolution
    Victoriano Huerta seizes control of
    Mexico and puts Madero in prison
    where he was murdered.
    Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa,
    Emiliano Zapata, and Alvaro
    Obregon fought against Huerta.
    The U.S. also got involved by
    occupying Veracruz and Huerta
    fled the country.
    Eventually Carranza would gain
    power in Mexico.
    1913: Economic Imperialism?
    U. S. Global Investments
    in 1914

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