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Teacher: Fatime Gallopeni By: Blendon Kyçyku XI-9

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Teacher: Fatime Gallopeni

By: Blendon Kyyku


XI-9
Kosovo is a disputed territory and partially recognised
state in Southeastern Europe that declared
independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of
Kosovo .
Kosovo is landlocked in the central Balkan Peninsula. With its
strategic position in the Balkans, it serves as an important link in
the connection between central and south Europe, the Adriatic
Sea, and Black Sea. Its capital and largest city is Pristina, and
other major urban areas include Prizren, Pej and Gjakova. It is
bordered by Albania to the southwest, the Republic of
Macedonia to the southeast, Montenegro to the west and the
uncontested territory of Serbia to the north and east. While
Serbia recognises administration of the territory by Kosovo's
elected government, it still continues to claim it as its
own Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija.
In antiquity, the Dardanian Kingdom, and later the Roman
province of Dardania was located in the region. The area
was inhabited by several ancient Illyrian tribes. In the
Middle Ages, it was part of
the Byzantine, Bulgarian and Serbian Empires, and many
consider the Battle of Kosovo of 1389 to be one of the
defining moments in Serbian medieval history. Kosovo was
the core of the medieval Serbian state and it has been the
seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church from the 14th century
when its status was upgraded into a patriarchate. After
being part of the Ottoman Empire from the 15th to the
early 20th century, in the late 19th century Kosovo became
the centre of the Albanian independence movement with
the League of Prizren.
As a result of the defeat in the First Balkan War (1912
13), the Ottoman Empire ceded the Vilayet of Kosovo
to the Balkan League; the Kingdom of Serbia took its
larger part, while the Kingdom of Montenegro
annexed the western part before both countries
joined the Kingdom of Yugoslavia after World War I.
After a period of Yugoslav unitarianism in the
Kingdom, the post-World War II Yugoslav
constitution established the Autonomous Province of
Kosovo and Metohija within the Yugoslav constituent
republic of Serbia.
Long-term ethnic tensions between
Kosovo's Albanian and Serb populations left the
territory ethnically divided, resulting in inter-ethnic
violence, culminating in the Kosovo War of 199899,
part of the wider regional Yugoslav Wars. The war
ended with a military intervention of NATO, which
forced the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to withdraw
its troops from Kosovo, which became a UN
protectorate under UNSCR 1244. On 17 February
2008 Kosovo's Parliament declared independence. It
has since gained diplomatic recognition as a sovereign
state by 111 UN member states, Taiwan, the Sovereign
Military Order of Malta, the Cook Islands and Niue.
Serbia refuses to recognise Kosovo as a state,
although with the Brussels Agreement of
2013 it has accepted the legitimacy of
Kosovar institutions. Kosovo has a lower-
middle-income economy and has
experienced solid economic growth over the
last decade by international financial
institutions, and has experienced growth
every year since the onset of the global
financial crisis in 2008.

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