POMOĆNI

GLAGOLI

BE DO HAVE GOT
TO BE- Present Simple
 potvrdan i upitan oblik
1. I am ( Am I?) 1. We are ( Are we?)
2. You are( Are you?) 2. You are( Are you?)
3. He is( Is he?) 3. They are ( Are they?)
She is ( Is she?)
It is (Is it?)
TO BE- odričan oblik
1. I am not (I’m not) 1. We are not (We aren’t)
2. You are not ( You aren’t) 2.You are not(You aren’t)
3. He is not ( He isn’t) 3.They are not (They aren’t)
She is not ( She isn’t)
It is not ( It isn’t)
To Be- Past Simple`
1. I was ( Was I?)\ I wasn’t
2. You were ( Were you?)\ You weren’t
3. He was ( Was he?)\ He wasn’t
She was ( Was she?)\ She wasn’t
It was ( Was it?)\ It wasn’t
1. We were ( Were we?)\ We weren’t
2. You were ( Were you?)\ You weren’t
3. They were ( Were they?)\ They weren’t
Do- Present Simple
1. I do ( Do I do?) 1. We do ( Do we do?)
2. You do( Do you do?) 2. You do ( Do you do?)
3. He does( Does he do?) 3. They do ( Do they do?)
She does ( Does she do?)
It does ( Does it do?)
1. I don’t do 1. We don’t do
2. You don’t do 2. You don’t do
3. He\ she\it doesn’t do 3. They don’t do
Have got- Present Simple
1. I have got ( Have I got?)\ I haven’t got
2. You have got( Have you got?)\ You haven’t got
3. He has got ( Has he got?)\ He hasn’t got
She has got ( Has she got?)\ She hasn’t got
It has got ( Has it got?)\ It hasn’t got
1. We have got ( Have we got?)We haven’t got
2. You have got( Have you got?)\ You haven’t got
3. They have got ( Have they got?)\ They haven’t got
Have- Present Simple
1. I have( Do I have?)\ I don’t have
2. You have ( Do you have?)\ You don’t have
3. He has ( Does he have?)\ He doesn’t have
She has ( Does she have?)\ She doesn’t have
It has ( Does it have?)\ It doesn’t have
1. We have ( Do we have?)\ We don’t have
2. You have ( Do you have?)\ You don’t have
3. They have ( Do they have?)\ They don’t have
Vreme može biti:

 Prošlo (Past)

 Sadašnje (Present)

 Buduće (Future)
Vremena po trajanju mogu biti:

 Simple (glagol)- DO

 Continuous (be + glagol + ing)- BE

 Perfect (have + III kolona / glagol + ed)- HAVE

 PAST PRESENT FUTURE

I went to school yesterday. I go to school every day. I will go to school.

Did you go to school Do you go to school every day? Will you go to school?
yesterday? I don’t go school every day. I won’t go to school.
Simple

I didn’t go to school
yesterday.
Glagol/-3. glagol+s Will + glagol
glagol + ed ili II kolona

I was going to school when I am going to school now. The teachers will be sitting
the car broke down. Are you going to school now? in school tomorrow.
Continuous

Were you going to school I am not going to school now. Will the teachers be sitting in
when...? school tomorrow?
I wasn’t going to school am The teachers won’t be sitting
when... is + glagol + ing in school tomorrow.
are
Will + be +glagol+ing
Was/were + glagol + ing

I had been to England before I have been to school recently. I will have written my
you went there. Have you been to school homework by tomorrow.
Had you been to England recently? Will you have written your
Perfect

before I went there? I haven’t been to school homework by tomorrow?

I had not been to England recently. I won’t have written my
before you went there. homework by tomorrow.
Have/Has + III kolona ( Glagol +
Will + have+III kolona
Had + III kolona / glagol + ed)
(glagol+ed)
ed
Present Simple Tense
Ovo vreme se koristi da označi:
1. Trajno stanje (General Truth)
My name is Anastasija. I am a student.
2. Radnje koje se ponavljaju uz always, sometimes, often,
usually, seldom, never, every day...
I go to school every day.
I usually hang out with my friends after school.
3. Raspored polazaka (timetable)- future
The plane leaves at 8 o’clock.
Present Continuous Tense
Koristi se da označi:
1.Radnju koja se odvija u trenutku kada o njoj govorimo uz
now, at the moment.
Iza izraza but, today however… Posle Look!, Listen!....
We are talking at the moment.
I walk to school every day, but today however I am going by
bus.
Look! Ana is running.
2. Dogovore i planove za blisku budućnost
We are meeting in front of the cinema at 8 o’clock.
Past Simple Tense
 Gradi se:
 U potvrdnom obliku dodaje se ED ili II kolona
I went to school yesterday.
 Odričan i upitan oblik se grade uz pomoć pomoćnog
glagola do u prošlom vremenu (did) i infinitiva
Did you go to school yesterday? (x Did you went?)
I didn’t go to school yesterday. (x didn’t went)
 Koristi se da označi radnju koja se desila u tačno
određenom vremenu u prošlosti. Koristi se i za
prepričavanje događaja. Koristi se uz yesterday, ago,
last year, iza when, in 1991...
Present Perfect Tense
Koristi se da označi radnju koja je počela nekada
u prošlosti i traje do sadašnjeg trenutka ili ima
neki uticaj na sadašnjost. Koristi se uz:
just, already, recently, yet.
I have already done my homework.
1. za prošla iskustva , uz ever i never
Have you ever been to London?
Have you seen the new James Bond movie?
1. uz since i for
I have been here since 8 o’clock.
I have been here for 2 hours.
Past Continuous Tense
Koristi se da označi:
1. R adnju koja se dugo vremena odvijala u prošlosti.
We were sleeping for two hours yesterday afternoon.
2. Dve paralelne radnje u prošlosti uz while
I was learning while my sister was writing an essay.
3. Radnju koja se duže vreme odvijala u prošlosti kada ju
je druga radnja pekinula. Ta druga radnja je u Past
Simple Tensu.
I was going to school when the bus broke down.
Past Perfect Tense
 Koristi se da označi radnju koja se desila pre neke
druge radnje u prošlosti.
 Koristi se uz before i after
Before I went to school I had done my homework.
After I had done my homework, I went to school.
Future Simple Tense
Gradi se: will+ glagol
Koristi se da označi:
1. Spontanu radnju ( spur of the moment plan)
It’s hot. I’ll open the window.
I’ll drive you home.
2. Predviđanja za budućnost
You will meet a tall, dark stranger.
3. Obećanja
I will buy you a car for your birthday.
4. Shall se koristi da se traži savet, ponudi nešto i sl.
1. Shall we study English?
5. Koristi se uz tomorrow, today, in five minutes,
in two hours, next week/month, this year.
Be+going to+ glagol
 Going to se korist iza:
1. Lične planove i želje za budućnost
When I grow up I am going to become an actress.
2. Budući događaji na osnovu sadašnjih činjenica,
pogotovu kada posmatramo radnju koja se odvija
I don’t feel well. I think I am going to faint
Use to+ glagol
Koristi se za prošle navike koje više nisu aktuelne
I used to go to the gym 6 times a week.
I used to live in Paris.
Did you use to smoke?
 Be used to
Koristi da označi stanje na koje smo se navikli

I am used to getting up early in the morning.

I am used to eating out.

The First Conditional
 Gradi se :
 If + Present Simple- will + Infinitive
 Uslov može da se ispuni
 If you learn, you will pass the exam.
 If you send this letter now, she will recieve it
tomorrow.
 You won’t be able to sleep if you watch this scary
movie.
 The Second Conditional
 Gradi se
 If +Past Simple- would + Infinitive
 Uslov ne može da se ispuni. Pitamo se šta bi bilo da je
ispunjen (šta bi bilo kad bi bilo). To se pitamo sada, u
ovom trenutku.
 If I studied harder, I would pass the exam.
 I wouldn’t do that if I were you.
 I would live in Barcelona if I were rich.
The Third Conditional
 Gradi se
 If +Past Perfect- would have+ past participle
 Uslov ne može da se ispuni jer se odnosi na prošlost
(bygones- proš’o voz iliti propuštena prilika u prošlosti)
1. If I had studied more in Primary school, I would
have been a staright A student.
(ali nisam, sada imam 55 godina i očajan sam zbog
propuštene prilike iliti
Eh da mi je ono vreme i ova pamet!)
The Passive Voice
 Gradi se
 To be + past participle ( glagol to be je u vremenu
u kom je rečenica u aktivu)
Objekat u pasivu se stavlja na početak rečenice
 Three boys bullied Toby -> Toby was bullied by
three boys. ( Past Simple Tense)
 Ako se subjekat iz aktiva stavlja u pasiv stavlja se na
kraj rečenice iza by (od strane)
 Pasiv se često koristi u pisanom stilu
 U izrazima tipa I was born in 2003.
 I got married last year. ( I was married last year.)
 I got hurt. ( I was hurt).
Passive Voice 2

 Pasiv od glagola make kroz vremena

 Present Simple make/makes -> is/are made
 Present Continuous is/are making->is/ are being made
 Past Simple made-> was/were made
 Past Continuous was/ were making-> was/were being
made
 Present Perfect have/has made-> have/has been made
 Past Perfect had made-> had been made
 Future Simple will make-> will be made
 Reported Speech
 Indirektan govor koristimo kada želimo da prenesemo
ono što je rekao neko drugi.
 Može se raditi na 2 načina (
1. kada vreme ostaje isto ili
2. kada prelazi u jedno starije)
 U zavisnosti da li je rečenica :
 potvrdna
 upitna ili
 zahtev/naredba
 postoji način na koji se prebacuje u indirektan govor
Reported statements
 Potvrdne rečenice prebacujemo u indirektan govor
uz pomoć glagola say i tell. Tell se koristi kada ima
objekat (me, him, her.) a say kada nema. Ako su say
ili tell u prošlom vremenu i rečenica se prebacuje u
jedno starije vreme. Ako su u sadašnjem- rečenica
ostaje nepromenjena ( koristi se za izjave koje su
upravo rečene i retko)
 I like ice cream -> She says she likes ice cream ili
 She said she liked ice cream ( sa promenom)
 You are smart. -> She tells me that I am smart ili
 She told me that I was smart.
Reported questiones
 Pitanja se prebacuju u indirektan govor na 2 načina:
1. Wh questions
Where is Ana? -> She asks me where Ana is. Ili
Where is Ana? -> She asked me where Ana was.
( Kada se pitanje prebacuje u indirektan govor upitna
rečenica se prebacuje u potvrdnu, outda zamena reda
reči u rečenici)
2. Obična yes/no questions dodaje se if
Do you like anime?-> She asks me if I like anime. Ili
She asked me if I liked anime.
Reported requests/orders
 Zahtev se prebacuje u indirektan govor pomoću
She/ He asked me + (not) to+infinitive
Sit down, please.-> She asked me to sit down.
Don’t talk in class please.-> She asked me not to talk
in class.
• Naredba se prebacuje u indirektan govor pomoću
glagola tell ( She/he told me +(not) to+infinitive)
Be on time.-> She told me to be on time.
Don’t be late.-> She told me not to be late.
 Sequence of Tenses
 Slaganje vremena u indirektnom govoru
 Češće se koristi nego bez promene vremena
 Vreme prelazi u jedno starije. Past Perfect je najstarije
vreme, pa ono prelazi u samo sebe.
Present Simple-> Past Simple
Present Continuous-> Past Continuous
Present Perfect-> Past Perfect
Past Simple-> Past Perfect
Past Continuous-> Past Perfect
Future Simple(will+ infinitive)-> would+infinitive)
Past Perfect-> ostaje isto
 Gerund
 Gradi se:
 infinitive +ing kao i present participle ali ima drugu
funkciju- koristi se kao imenica
1. Umesto subjekta
Going to parties is fun.
2. Umesto objekta
I enjoy listening to music.
3. Koristi se posle glagola:
4. like, love, hate, enjoy, mind , finish,
admit, avoid, carry on, consider, delay, deny, dislike,
can’t/couldn’t help, give up, imagine, include, involve,
justify, keep on, mention, miss, practice, regret, risk,
suggest
 Gerund 2
 Koristi se posle fraza:
 To be busy- He is busy reading the paper
 Don’t mind, feel like, how about, it’s no good, it’s no
use, spend one’s time, there’s no, what about, worth
 There’s no cheating anymore.
 There’s no point in complaining further.
 English is worth studying.
Gerund or to + infinitive
 Gerund se koristi :
1. posle glagola like, love, hate, enjoy, mind , finish, stop
I hate doing test.
I like watching anime.
2.posle predloga
I am thinking of buying a flat.
3. kao subjekat rečenice
Eating in resturants is expensive.
To+ infinitive
 Koristi se:
1. posle glagola:
would like, want, need, decide, hope, expect, plan,
forget, seem, try, promise, offer, refuse, learn, manage
I would like to learn English.
I need to practice more.
2.posle prideva
A question is difficult to answer.
3. Posle glagola begin i start može da se koristi
i gerund i to + infinitive