Fisika Dasar: By: Mohammad Faizun, S.T., M.Eng

FISIKA DASAR
By: Mohammad Faizun, S.T., M.Eng.

Head of Manufacture System Laboratory
Mechanical Engineering Department
Universitas Islam Indonesia
1. QUANTITY (besaran) and UNITS (satuan)
• From the picture below you can exactly say that line B is
longer than line A. Paper D is narrower than paper C.
A
C D
• Length and Area are two examples of quantity. Quantity is the

properties of matter which can be measured.
Everything which can

be MEASURED is
quantity.
Fill in the empty cell on the table below!
No Phenomena Can be measured? How? Is it quantity?

1 Time
2 Age
3 Mass
4 Temperature
5 Emotion
6 Color
7 Length
8 Line
9 Bright
10 Love
“Everything that can be

COUNTED is quantity”. Is What is the difference
this statement true? Why? between COUNTING
(menghitung) and
MEASURING (mengukur)?
• We can differentiate two things or more by comparing
their quantities for example: longer, narrower, lighter,
colder, etc. But you still confused unless you tell exactly
how big the quantities. So we need units.
• For example:
1. 12 cm, 30 feet, 120 km. cm, feet, and km are
examples of units for length quantity.
2. 12 gram, 30 pounds, 2 ton. Gram, pound, and
ton are examples of units for mass quantity.
3. 5 second, second is an example of units for
time.
Quantity
without units is
worthless.
• Determine the quantity and the units in each information
below if possible!
1. Ruddy is 1.75 meters tall.
2. Mr. Anton has five cars.
3. The mass of the book is 1 kg.
4. We need 4 litres of water a day.
5. I will stay here a month.
6. The speed of the car is 100 km/h.
QUANTITY
UNITS
(besaran)
(satuan)
MEASUREMENT
(Pengukuran)
Satuan adalah nilai
tertentu yang
disepakati dari suatu
besaran.
Pengukuran:
membandingkan nilai
RESULT besaran dengan
Value + unit satuannya.
6 cm
• There are two kinds of units: SI (Systéme International) units and non SI
units.
• SI units is Internationally accepted, means all people in all countries know
that units.
Non SI Units
mks
Units
SI Units cgs
(gaussian)
SI
No Quantity Non SI
mks cgs
1 Length meter centimeter inchi, feet, mil
2 Mass kilogram gram pound, ton, ons
3 Time second second second
4 Volume m3 cm3 liter, galon
5 Density kg/m3 g/cm3 kg/l, g/l, pound/l
SI
No Quantity Non SI
mks cgs
1 Length meter centimeter inchi, feet, mil
2 Mass kilogram gram pound, ton, ons
3 Time second second second
4 Volume m3 cm3 liter, galon
5 Density kg/m3 g/cm3 kg/l, g/l, pound/l
• It’s suggested to always use SI units.
How are those SI units defined?
• one meter
In October 1983, the meter (1 m) was redefined as the

distance traveled by light in vacuum during a time of 1/299
792 458 second. In effect, this latest definition establishes
that the speed of light in vacuum is precisely 299 792 458 m
per second. One meter that we use today is same with the
definition. We use roll meter for example to measure length
of the wood bar or others.
• one kilogram
Mass is amount of matter in an object. To get better understanding please
compare two cans filled in with different amount of marbles. Guess which
can has more weight!
A
B
Can A has marbles less than can B, 8 less than 16, right? So, can A has
smaller mass than can B. The basic SI unit of mass, the kilogram (kg), is
defined as the mass of a specific platinum–iridium alloy cylinder kept at
the International Bureau of Weights and Measures at Sèvres, France. This
mass standard was established in 1887 and has not been changed since
that time because platinum–iridium is an unusually stable alloy (Fig. 1.5).
We use arm balance to measure mass of something.
One Kilogram Standard Arm Balance
Benarkah neraca pegas bisa dipakai untuk menghitung massa sebuah

benda dimana saja? Jelaskan alasannya!
• one second
The basic SI unit of time, the second (s), is defined as 9,192,

631,770 times the period of vibration of radiation from the
cesium-133 atom.
• In addition to the basic SI units of meter, kilogram, and
second, we can also use other units, such as millimeters and
nanoseconds, where the prefixes milli- and nano- denote
various powers of ten.
2. BASIC QUANTITIES (besaran pokok) and ITS
DERIVATION (besaran turunan)
• Fundamentals or basic quantities is now believed as quantities that not
derived from other quantities. Even they form other quantities.
NO Quantity SI Units Symbol Dimensions Non SI

1 Mass kilogram kg [M] Pound, ons, etc
2 Length meter m [L] Inchi, feet
3 Time second s [T]
4 Electric Current ampere A [I]
5 Temperature kelvin K [θ] Rankine, Fahrenheit
6 Luminous Intensity candela cd [Cd]
7 Amount of Substance mole mole [mole]
8 Angle 2D radian rad
9 Angle 3D steradian sr
Besaran turunan
• Besaran turunan adalah besaran yang terbentuk dari besaran-
besaran pokok.
• Contoh: Luas  panjang x panjang,
Volume panjang x panjang x panjang
Berat massa x panjang x waktu-2
10 cm
Volume: 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm.
: 1000 cm3.
10 cm 10 cm
Contoh besaran turunan
SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITIES
Basic
Quantities
scalar
derivative
vector
Scalar quantity is one that has only value but no direction.

Example: mass, length, time. All basic quantities are scalar quantities.
Vector quantity is one that has both value and direction.
Example: force, velocity, pressure, etc.
See figure below!
A. You know that the volume of cylinder is 1 liter. If you asked

where is the direction of that volume you will not be able to
answer, because volume doesn’t have direction. So, volume is
scalar quantities.
B shows that the velocity of the block is 10 m/s and the direction
is rightward. Having velocity without direction is impossible.
v = 10m/s
1L
B
A

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FISIKA DASAR

By: Mohammad Faizun, S.T., M.Eng.

• Length and Area are two examples of quantity. Quantity is the

Everything which can

No Phenomena Can be measured? How? Is it quantity?

“Everything that can be

In October 1983, the meter (1 m) was redefined as the

Benarkah neraca pegas bisa dipakai untuk menghitung massa sebuah

The basic SI unit of time, the second (s), is defined as 9,192,

NO Quantity SI Units Symbol Dimensions Non SI

Scalar quantity is one that has only value but no direction.

A. You know that the volume of cylinder is 1 liter. If you asked

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