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    Lec 3 - MTD of Sections - Truss

    Uploaded by

    Israr Khan
    The document describes the method of sections approach for determining member forces in trusses. It can be used when only a few member forces need to be found. The method involves cutting the truss into two parts with an imaginary section and applying equilibrium equations to the cut section. Zero-force members can also be identified in space trusses based on the number of members connected to a joint and whether external loads are applied. An example problem is provided to demonstrate determining member forces and reactions for a space truss using these concepts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lec 3 - MTD of Sections - Truss

    Uploaded by

    Israr Khan
    77 views27 pages
    The document describes the method of sections approach for determining member forces in trusses. It can be used when only a few member forces need to be found. The method involves cutting the truss into two parts with an imaginary section and applying equilibrium equations to the cut section. Zero-force members can also be identified in space trusses based on the number of members connected to a joint and whether external loads are applied. An example problem is provided to demonstrate determining member forces and reactions for a space truss using these concepts.

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    section method

    Original Title

    Lec 3 - Mtd of Sections - Truss

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    The document describes the method of sections approach for determining member forces in trusses. It can be used when only a few member forces need to be found. The method involves cutting the truss into two parts with an imaginary section and applying equilibrium equations to the cut section. Zero-force members can also be identified in space trusses based on the number of members connected to a joint and whether external loads are applied. An example problem is provided to demonstrate determining member forces and reactions for a space truss using these concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    77 views27 pages

    Lec 3 - MTD of Sections - Truss

    Uploaded by

    Israr Khan
    The document describes the method of sections approach for determining member forces in trusses. It can be used when only a few member forces need to be found. The method involves cutting the truss into two parts with an imaginary section and applying equilibrium equations to the cut section. Zero-force members can also be identified in space trusses based on the number of members connected to a joint and whether external loads are applied. An example problem is provided to demonstrate determining member forces and reactions for a space truss using these concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Structural Analysis - I

    Method of Sections - Truss


    Method of Sections

    • Used when forces in only a few members of a truss


    are to be found

    • It consists of passing an imaginary section through


    the truss, thus cutting it into two parts

    • Since the entire truss is in equilibrium, each of the


    two parts must also be in equilibrium

    • Three equations of equilibrium may be applied to


    determine the member forces at the “cut section.”
    Method of Sections
    Method of Sections
    • Make a decision as to how to “cut” or section the
    truss through the members where forces are to be
    determined

    • Before isolating the appropriate section, it may first


    be necessary to determine the truss’s external
    reactions, so that the three equilibrium equations
    are used only to solve for member forces at the cut
    section

    • Draw the free-body diagram of that part of the


    sectioned truss which has the least number of
    forces on it
    Method of Sections
    • Moments should be summed about a point that lies
    at the intersection of the lines of action of two
    unknown forces; in this way, the third unknown
    force is determined directly from the equation

    • If two of the unknown forces are parallel, forces


    may be summed perpendicular to the direction of
    these unknowns to determine directly the third
    unknown force
    Example
    Determine the forces in members CD, DG, and GH of the
    truss shown below by the method of sections.
    A section aa is passed through the three members of interest, CD,DG, and
    GH, cutting the truss into two portions, ACGE and DHI. To avoid the
    calculation of support reactions, we will use the right-hand portion, DHI, to
    calculate the member forces.

    All three unknown forces FCD; FDG, and FGH, are assumed to be tensile and
    are indicated by arrows pulling away from the corresponding joints on the
    diagram. The slope of the inclined force, FDG, is also shown on the free-body
    diagram. The desired member forces are calculated by applying the
    equilibrium equations.
    Checking Computations
    Example
    Determine the force in members GF, FC, and CD of the
    bridge truss.
    Example
    Determine the forces in members identified by “x” of the
    truss shown below by the method of sections.
    Space Trusses
    Space Trusses
    • A space truss consists of members
    joined together at their ends to form
    a stable three-dimensional structure.

    • Determinacy and Stability


    Type of Supports
    • Resolve the force F in a member into components acting
    along the x, y, z axes.
    • Member AB has a length l and known projections x, y, z
    along the coordinate axes. These projections can be related
    to the member’s length by the equation

    • Since the force F acts along


    the axis of the member, then
    the components of F can be
    determined by proportion as

    • Notice that this requires


    Zero-Force Members
    Case-I
    If all but one of the members
    connected to a joint lie in a single
    plane and no external loads or
    reactions are applied to the joint, then
    the force in the member that is not
    coplanar is zero.

    The type of arrangement shown consists of four members AB;AC;AD,


    and AE connected to a joint A. Of these, AB;AC, and AD lie in the xz
    plane, whereas member AE does not.
    Note that no external loads or reactions are applied to joint A. It should
    be obvious that in order to satisfy the equilibrium equation σ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, the
    y component of FAE must be zero, and therefore FAE =0.
    Zero-Force Members
    Case-II
    If all but two of the members
    connected to a joint have zero force
    and no external loads or reactions are
    applied to the joint, then unless
    the two remaining members are
    collinear, the force in each of
    them is also zero.

    The type of arrangement shown consists of four members AB;AC;AD,


    and AE connected to a joint A, of which AD and AE are zero-force
    members, as shown.
    Note that no external loads or reactions are applied to the joint. By
    choosing the orientation of the x axis in the direction of member AB, we
    can see that the equilibrium equations σ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 σ 𝐹𝑧 = 0 can be
    satisfied only if FAC = 0. Because the x component of FAC is zero, the
    equation σ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 is satisfied only if FAB is also zero.
    Example
    Determine the reactions at the
    supports and the force in each
    member of the space truss
    shown
    Static Determinacy The truss contains 9 members and 5 joints and is supported
    by 6 reactions. Because m + r = 3j, and the reactions and the members of the truss
    are properly arranged, it is statically determinate.

    Zero-Force Members At joint D, three members, AD;CD, and DE, are connected.
    Of these members, AD and CD lie in the same xz plane, whereas DE does not.
    Since no external loads or reactions are applied at the joint, member DE is a zero-
    force member.
    Having identified DE as a zero-force member, we can see that since the two
    remaining members AD and CD are not collinear, they must also be zero-force
    members.
    𝐹𝐷𝐸 = 0, 𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 0, 𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 0
    Reactions
    Joint A
    Joint B

    Check
    Joint C

    Checks
    Joint E

    Checks
    Example
    Determine the force
    in each member of
    the space truss.

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