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Forebay Tank – Design and
Construction
Asanka Kumarasiri PG Diploma in Structural Engineering 2014 Outline What is a forebay tank ? Hydraulic design criteria ◦ How size and the shape is determined
Structural Design ◦ Wall thickness, Reinforcement and arrangement of Structural members
Construction methodology and current practice
What is a Forebay Tank ? Transition from the Head race channel to Penstock Provides a Head with an acceptable range of variation A Reservoir providing surge attenuation Water storage to provide sudden loads Integrated with ◦ Desilting tank ◦ Spillway ◦ Trash rack Typical Forebay tank Forebay tank of Hal Oya MHPP Forebay tank of Lower Kothmale MHPP Hydraulic Design Criteria Design Flow
Velocity inside the Forebay tank
◦ Trash rack head loss
◦ Particle settling process in the desalting tank
Silt storage volume
Vortex formation
Sudden load demands
Structural Design Designed for a crack width of 0.2mm Grade 25 concrete is used Base and the two walls is taken as a single unit ◦ The whole tank is a monolithic unit
Since side walls are long, considered as cantilever walls
generally ◦ A cross section is considered in the analysis
End wall is supported by a large anchor - a suitable
idealization is made in analysis Sections of a Typical FBT Structural Design Contd….. Filled with water without any ground resistance ◦ Service condition – water up to FSL ◦ Ultimate condition – water up to the top level
Earth pressure on the tank during tank empty
condition Trash rack load Load on the top slab of the Closed area Forebay tank integrated with horizontal beams and struts – Wembiyagoda MHPP Since the tank is too deep, normal design results in huge wall sections Walls were supported on intermediate positions by means of beams running along the horizontal direction Beam is supported on struts which were taken to the ground in the vicinity, which was sound rock FBT design – Wembiyagoda MHPP FBT – Wembiyagoda MHPP Construction Methodology and Current Practice Normally results in a considerable excavation ◦ Deep part is founded on hard soil at a significant depth
◦ Rock is encountered most of the time
Rock dowels or anchors are done as per the design
And infill concrete or a rubble work is done to form
the shape of the base slab
Base slab is casted first with a kicker for the wall
Construction Methodology and Current Practice Contd…. Concrete of Grade 25 is site mixed Plywood form work is used Walls are completed lift by lift End wall anchor is done at the end with the Penstock installation Construction of the FBT Thank you……
