Transmission Media: By: Kapil Rishi Yadav 37-D

TRANSMISSION
MEDIA
Amity Business School

By:
KAPIL RISHI YADAV
37-D
TRANSMISSION MEDIA
Medium to transmit data between two electronic devices.
Physical data-transmission media are available to

connect together the various devices on a network.
For eg: Cables, EM waves.

TWO TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MEDIA:
GUIDED
UNGUIDED
GUIDED TRANSMISSION MEDIA:
PROVIDES CONDUIT FROM ONE DEVICE TO ANOTHER.
SIGNALS TRAVELLING ALONG MEDIA IS DIRECTED.
HEAVY USE IN LAN NETWORKING.

TYPES OF GUIDED Tx MEDIA:
TWISTED PAIR CABLE.
COAXIAL CABLE.
OPTICAL FIBER CABLE.
In twisted pair & coaxial cable, signals travel in form of Electric current.
In OFC signals travel in form of Light.

TWO TYPES OF TWISTED PAIR CABLES:
UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE (UTP).
SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE (STP).

UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE (UTP).
Most common type of communication media.
Frequency range suitable for DATA & VOICE.
Twisted pair cable
100 Hz 5 MHz
Consists of two conductors each surrounded by insulated material.

MOST COMMON TWISTED PAIR CABLE WE KNOW :
CAT 5 CABLE
Sometimes also called as PATCH CABLE OR CROSS
CABLE.
Advantages:

 It is a thin, flexible cable that is easy to string between walls.
 More lines can be run through the same wiring ducts.
 UTP costs less per meter/foot than any other type of LAN cable.
 High speed capacity.
Disadvantages:
 Susceptibility to electromagnetic interference .

 Common-mode crosstalk .
SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE (STP).
It is similar to UTP but has a mesh shielding that’s protects it from EMI which
allows for higher transmission rate. The extra shielding can make the cables quite
bulky. Shielded twisted pair is often used on networks using Token Ring topology.
Advantages of STP:
Shielded.
Faster than UTP and coaxial.
Medium immunity from EMI.
Disadvantages of STP:
More expensive than UTP and coaxial.
More difficult installation.
High attenuation rate.
CONNECTORS
THESE ARE TERMINATING DEVICES WHICH CONNECTS

CABLE TO COMMUNICATION DEVICES.
Most commonly used connectors are: REGISTERED JACKS (RJ)

Most commonly used RJs are RJ -45 & RJ -11.
Difference between RJ-45 connectors and RJ-11 connectors is that
the former has eight wires (four-pair) and the latter four (two-pair).
RJ-45 is commonly used for data communication in LANs.
RJ-11 is the standard connector utilized on 2-pair (4-wire)
telephone wiring.
COAXIAL CABLE
Coaxial cable is very common & widely used commutation media. For example TV wire is
usually coaxial.
Coaxial cable gets its name because it contains two conductors that are parallel to each
other.
The center conductor in the cable is usually copper. The copper can be either a solid wire
or stranded martial.
Outside this central Conductor is a non-conductive material. It is usually white, plastic

material used to separate the inner Conductor form the outer Conductor.
The other Conductor is a fine mesh made from Copper. It is used to help shield the cable
form EMI.
Outside the copper mesh is the final protective cover.
The actual data travels through the center conductor in the cable.
Frequency range :
Coaxial cable
100 KHz 500 MHz

CHARACTERISTICS OF COAXIAL CABLE
Low cost
Easy to install
Up to 10Mbps capacity
Medium immunity form EMI
Medium of attenuation
ADVANTAGES OF COAXIAL CABLE
Inexpensive
Easy to wire
Easy to expand
Moderate level of EMI immunity
DISADVANTAGE OF COAXIAL CABLE

Single cable failure can take down an entire network

OPTICAL FIBER CABLES
It transmits light rather than electronic signals eliminating the problem of electrical
interference.
Fiber optic cabling consists of a center glass core surrounded by several layers of
protective materials.
Core is surrounded by cladding, forming the fiber.
Fiber is covered by buffer layer that protects its from moisture.
Finally, the entire cable is encased in an outer jacket.
Both core and cladding must be of different densities.
Outer most jacket can be made of many materials like plastics, metal and teflon , that
depends on place where to use that cable.
Characteristics of Optic Fiber Cable:
Expensive
Very hard to install
Capable of extremely high speed
Extremely low attenuation
No EMI interference

Advantages of Fiber Optic Cable:
Fast
Low attenuation
No EMI interference
High bandwidth.
Disadvantages Fiber Optics:
Very costly
Hard to install & maintain
Fragility
THANK
YOU

Transmission Media: By: Kapil Rishi Yadav 37-D

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TRANSMISSION

Amity Business School

Medium to transmit data between two electronic devices.

Physical data-transmission media are available to

For eg: Cables, EM waves.

PROVIDES CONDUIT FROM ONE DEVICE TO ANOTHER.

SIGNALS TRAVELLING ALONG MEDIA IS DIRECTED.

HEAVY USE IN LAN NETWORKING.

TWISTED PAIR CABLE.

OPTICAL FIBER CABLE.

In OFC signals travel in form of Light.

UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE (UTP).

SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE (STP).

Frequency range suitable for DATA & VOICE.

Twisted pair cable

Consists of two conductors each surrounded by insulated material.

 Susceptibility to electromagnetic interference .

THESE ARE TERMINATING DEVICES WHICH CONNECTS

Most commonly used connectors are: REGISTERED JACKS (RJ)

Outside this central Conductor is a non-conductive material. It is usually white, plastic

Outside the copper mesh is the final protective cover.

100 KHz 500 MHz

DISADVANTAGE OF COAXIAL CABLE

Core is surrounded by cladding, forming the fiber.

Fiber is covered by buffer layer that protects its from moisture.

Finally, the entire cable is encased in an outer jacket.

Both core and cladding must be of different densities.

Very hard to install

Capable of extremely high speed

Extremely low attenuation

No EMI interference

Disadvantages Fiber Optics:

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