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    Distributed System Architecture

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    Rahul Sinha
    This document discusses different architectures for distributed systems. It begins by defining the objectives and explaining that virtually all large computer systems are now distributed. It then describes the characteristics of distributed systems, including resource sharing, openness, concurrency, scalability, and fault tolerance. The document outlines client-server and distributed object architectures as the main models, and notes some advantages and disadvantages of distributed systems.

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    Distributed System Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Sinha
    82 views14 pages
    This document discusses different architectures for distributed systems. It begins by defining the objectives and explaining that virtually all large computer systems are now distributed. It then describes the characteristics of distributed systems, including resource sharing, openness, concurrency, scalability, and fault tolerance. The document outlines client-server and distributed object architectures as the main models, and notes some advantages and disadvantages of distributed systems.

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    This document discusses different architectures for distributed systems. It begins by defining the objectives and explaining that virtually all large computer systems are now distributed. It then describes the characteristics of distributed systems, including resource sharing, openness, concurrency, scalability, and fault tolerance. The document outlines client-server and distributed object architectures as the main models, and notes some advantages and disadvantages of distributed systems.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    82 views14 pages

    Distributed System Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Sinha
    This document discusses different architectures for distributed systems. It begins by defining the objectives and explaining that virtually all large computer systems are now distributed. It then describes the characteristics of distributed systems, including resource sharing, openness, concurrency, scalability, and fault tolerance. The document outlines client-server and distributed object architectures as the main models, and notes some advantages and disadvantages of distributed systems.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    DISTRIBUTED

    SYSTEMS
    ARCHITECTURES
    Objectives
     To explain the advantages and
    disadvantages of different distributed
    systems architectures
     To discuss client-server and distributed

    object architectures
     Multiprocessor architectures
     Client-server architectures
     Distributed object architectures
    Distributed systems
     Virtuallyall large computer-based
    systems are now distributed systems.
     Information processing is distributed

    over several computers rather than


    confined to a single machine.
     Distributed software engineering is

    therefore very important for enterprise


    computing systems.
    System types
     Personal systems that are not distributed and
    that are designed to run on a personal
    computer or workstation.
     Embedded systems that run on a single
    processor or on an integrated group of
    processors.
     Distributed systems where the system
    software runs on a loosely integrated group
    of cooperating processors linked by a
    network
    Distributed system characteristics
     Resource sharing
    ◦ Sharing of hardware and software resources.
     Openness
    ◦ Use of equipment and software from different
    vendors.
     Concurrency
    ◦ Concurrent processing to enhance performance.
     Scalability
    ◦ Increased throughput by adding new resources.
     Fault tolerance
    ◦ The ability to continue in operation after a fault has
    occurred.
    Middleware
     Software that manages and supports the different
    components of a distributed system. In essence, it
    sits in the middle of the system.
     Middleware is usually off-the-shelf rather than
    specially written software.
     Examples
    ◦ Transaction processing monitors;
    ◦ Data converters;
    ◦ Communication controllers.
    Distributed Systems Architecture
     Client-server architectures
    ◦ Distributed services which are called on by
    clients. Servers that provide services are
    treated differently from clients that use
    services.
     Distributed object architectures

    ◦ No distinction between clients and servers.


    Any object on the system may provide and
    use services from other objects.
    Multiprocessor Architecture
     Simplest distributed system model.
     System composed of multiple
    processes which may (but need not)
    execute on different processors.
     Architectural model of many large
    real-time systems.
     Distribution of process to processor
    may be pre-ordered or may be under
    the control of a dispatcher.
    Client-Server Architecture
     The application is modelled as a set of
    services that are provided by servers and a
    set of clients that use these services.
     Clients know of servers but servers need not

    know of clients.
     Clients and servers are logical processes
     The mapping of processors to processes is

    not necessarily 1 : 1
    Distributed Object Architecture
     There is no distinction in a distributed object
    architectures between clients and servers.
     Each distributable entity is an object that

    provides services to other objects and receives


    services from other objects.
     Object communication is through a middleware

    system called an object request broker.


     However, distributed object architectures are

    more complex to design than C/S systems.


    Advantages of Distributed Object
    Architecture
     It allows the system designer to delay
    decisions on where and how services should
    be provided.
     It is a very open system architecture that

    allows new resources to be added to it as


    required.
     The system is flexible and scaleable.
     It is possible to reconfigure the system

    dynamically with objects migrating across


    the network as required.
    Distributed System Disadvantages
     Complexity
    ◦ Typically, distributed systems are more complex than
    centralised systems.
     Security
    ◦ More susceptible to external attack.
     Manageability
    ◦ More effort required for system management.
     Unpredictability
    ◦ Unpredictable responses depending on the system
    organisation and network load.
    QUERRIES

    WELCUM
    THANK
    YOU

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