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    2) Hazards Identification Techniques

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    Ody

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    2) Hazards Identification Techniques

    Uploaded by

    Ody
    202 views26 pages

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    2)Hazards Identification Techniques (1).pptx

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    202 views26 pages

    2) Hazards Identification Techniques

    Uploaded by

    Ody

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that hazards need to be systematically identified in the workplace and can include physical, chemical, biological and psychosocial hazards.

    Physical, chemical, biological and psychosocial hazards are mentioned.

    Tools that can be used to identify hazards include workplace inspections, consultation with workers, internal and external audit reports, standards and codes of practice, industry groups and communication across organizations.

    Hazards Identification

    Techniques
    Systematic Processes
    (Because what you don’t know can hurt you)
    Identify hazards
    • A hazard is anything (including work practices or work
    procedures) that has the potential to harm the health
    and safety of a person.
    • Anything that has the potential to cause harm, ill
    health and injury, damage to property, products or
    the environment, production losses or increase
    liabilities

    At workplace categorized:
    Physical, Chemical, Biological &
    Physicosocial
    Hazard
    Hazard - examples
    Chemical

    • Hydrocarbon under pressure • Smoke


    • Toxic material • Volatile fluids in tanks
    Physical
    • Moving road tankers / vehicles
    • Elevated objects •Noise
    • People working at heights •High voltage
    Hazard - examples

    Biological
    • Toxicological lab
    (catering facility at distant work station)
    Physicosocial
    Working outside the country without family
    members.
    What hazards do I need to identify?
    The person conducting the business or undertaking
    is responsible for identifying hazards which may be
    present in the workplace, including those arising
    from:
    • Work premises, including the access and egress
    • Structures and buildings
    • Work practices, work systems and shiftwork
    (including hazardous processes, psychological and
    fatigue related hazards)
    • Plant (including transport, installation, erection,
    commissioning, use, repair, maintenance,
    dismantling, storage or disposal of the plant)
    • Traffic and transport movements at a workplace
    • Hazardous chemicals
    • Hazardous manual tasks and ergonomics
    • Biological organisms
    • Remote or isolated work
    Useful tools in the identification of hazards in your
    workplace:
    • Workplace inspection templates
    • Consultation with workers, health & safety
    representatives or communities
    • Internal & external audit reports
    • Standards & Codes of Practice which are relevant
    and applicable
    • Industry groups, conferences & professional
    associations
    • Communication across an organization
    operating at multiple sites
    • Incident reports and investigation
    • Relevant websites (new information)
    How to Identify & Manage Safety and Health Risk
    Examples Of Identifying & Managing Safety and Health Risk

    Recovery
    Top
    Hazard Threat Barrier Measures Consequences
    Event

    Accident,
    Moving Slippery Loss of Injuries,
    Vehicle Road Slow Down Control ABS Fatalities
    x
    x
    x
    x
    x
    x x x x

    x x x x x x x x x

    x
    x
    x
    x x
    x
    x x
    x
    The Children & the
    Bull
     Hazard = the bull
    Top Event = Loss of containment (escape of bull)
    • Threats Controls/Barriers Escalation
    Factors
    – corroded fence – galvanized material – acid rain
    – rotting posts – treated wood – termites,
    age
    – metal posts – corrosion
    – bull leans on fence – barbed wire – anger
    (state of mind)
    – Red Ball,
    barking dog
    •
    Top Event = Loss of containment (escape of
    bull)
    Threats Controls/Barrier Escalation Factors
    - bull charges fence – barbed wire, 4 strands – yelling
    child,
    – metal posts dog
    – electric fence
    - falling tree limbs – prune trees – weather, age,
    insects
    - gate unlatched/open – sign, lock – ability to read,
    – vandalism
    The Children & the Bull

     Consequences = multiple fatalities


     Top Event = Loss of containment (escape of bull)
    • Recovery Measures
    dog attack bull
    run to car
    shoot the bull
    climb tree
    run in different directions
    Coincident or Not ?
    If,
    ABC D EFGHI J K L M N O PQ R S T U V W X Y Z

    Equals,
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

    Then,

    K+ N +O +W+ L +E+D+G+E
    11 + 14 + 15 + 23 + 12 + 5 + 4 + 7 + 5 = 96%

    H+A+R +D+W+ O+ R +K
    8 + 1 + 18 + 4 + 23 + 15 + 18 + 11 = 98%
    Both are important, but the total falls just short of
    100%

    But,
    A+T +T + I+T + U +D+E
    1 + 20 + 20 + 9 + 20 + 21 + 4 + 5 = 100%

    Safety really is about attitude. Make 100% Safe Behavior your


    choice both ON and OFF the job

    S. Veerasingam, Vice-President
    Malaysian Society for Occupational Safety and
    Health
    Hazards Analysis in the Workplace

    • All hazards do not have equal potential for harm or


    damage.
    • However, before hazards can be controlled, they must be
    discovered.
    • Monitoring is defined as a set of observation and data
    collection methods used to detect and measure deviations
    from plans and procedures in current operations.
    Monitoring can involve four functions:

    1. Hazard identification
    2. Hazard analysis
    3. Safety inspection; and
    4. Accident investigation

    • These mean that monitoring is performed before the


    operation begins, during the life cycle of the operation
    and after the system has broken down.
    Causes of Accidents and Illnesses
    • Incident – an undesired event that could result in loss,
    it could also mean an undesired event that could
    downgrade the efficiency of the business operation.

    • Accident – an undesired event that results in physical


    harm to people or damage to property, or loss to
    process.
    REAL COSTS OF ACCIDENTS
    COST: Medical; Compensation costs
    UNINSURED COSTS: Building damage
    Tool
    P1 and equipment damage

    Product and material damage


    Production
    P5 to 50 delays and interruptions
    UNINSURED MISCELLANEOUS COSTS
    Wages paid to injured for lost time; Overtime costs:
    P1 toDecreased
    3 output of injured worker ; cost of training
    new worker; extra supervisor’s time
    What causes accidental losses?

    ACCIDENTAL CAUSES
    (Traditional)

    HAZARDOUS ACTS HAZARDOUS


    (90%) CONDITIONS
    Unaware (10%)
    Unable  Unidentified
    Unmotivated  Uncorrected
    Tools Available to Management in Hazard
    Recognition
    1. Conduct a Task Exposure Analysis
    Task Exposure Analysis (TEA) or Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
    is a systematic method of hazard analysis, recognition and
    evaluation. TEA or JHA identifies the hazards, and identifies
    ways to eliminate or protect against them.
    2. Conduct safety inspections
    - A thorough examination of the workplace to ensure a safe
    work environment.
    3. Accident Investigation
    - to determine the causative factors why an accident occurs
    and to prevent recurrences in the future.
    Common Workplace Hazards:

    • Hazardous substances (dust, fume, vapor, gases,


    liquids)
    • Machinery (moving parts, stored energy, ejection)
    • Electricity (electrocution/shock, ignition source,
    fire)
    • Noise and vibration
    • Fire and explosion (liquids, gases, solids, oxidizing
    agents)
    • Mechanical handling (cranes, slinging, forklift
    trucks)
    • Slips, trips and falls
    • Working at heights
    • Display Screen Equipment (posture, workstation,
    work environment, display and software
    • Burns (heat, cold, chemical)

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