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Systematic Convolutional Codes: 16-Te-49 Hamza Masood 16-TE-71 SOBAN ALI 16-Te-59 Khurram Aziz

Systematic convolutional codes encode message bits over time using a convolutional operation, where the encoded bits depend not only on the current message block but also on preceding blocks. They have a code rate given by k/n, where k is the number of message bits and n is the encoded bits. In systematic convolutional codes, the message bits can be directly extracted from the encoded bits without needing to decode. Convolutional coding with Viterbi decoding provides powerful error correction for channels with additive white Gaussian noise.

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Muhammad Hamza
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41 views

Systematic Convolutional Codes: 16-Te-49 Hamza Masood 16-TE-71 SOBAN ALI 16-Te-59 Khurram Aziz

Systematic convolutional codes encode message bits over time using a convolutional operation, where the encoded bits depend not only on the current message block but also on preceding blocks. They have a code rate given by k/n, where k is the number of message bits and n is the encoded bits. In systematic convolutional codes, the message bits can be directly extracted from the encoded bits without needing to decode. Convolutional coding with Viterbi decoding provides powerful error correction for channels with additive white Gaussian noise.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Hamza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Systematic Convolutional

Codes
16-TE-49 HAMZA MASOOD
16-TE-71 SOBAN ALI
16-TE-59 KHURRAM AZIZ
Definition

In convolutional Codes , a block of ‘n’ digits generated by


Encodes in time unit depends upon not only the block of ‘k’
message digits with in that time units but also depends upon
the preceding block of message digits
Convolutional Encoder

 k (message bits)
 n (encoded bits)
 K (Constrain length)
 Code rate = k/n
 Code Dimension ( n , k ,m)
State Diagram
Trellis Diagram
Tree Diagram


Systematic Convolution Codes

 In a systematic code, message


information can be seen and
directly extracted from the
encoded information.
Systematic Convolution Codes

 In the case of systematic convolutional codes, there is no need to have an


inverse transfer function decoder to obtain the input sequence, because this is
directly read from the code sequence.
Advantages

 Convolution coding is a popular error-correcting coding method used in


digital communications.

 The convolution operation encodes some redundant information into the


transmitted signal, thereby improving the data capacity of the channel.

 Convolution Encoding with Viterbi decoding is a powerful FEC technique


that is particularly suited to a channel in which the transmitted signal is
corrupted mainly by AWGN.

 It is simple and has good performance with low implementation cost.


Applications

 NASA uses a standard r=1/2,K=7 convolutional code.

 IS-54/136 TDMA Cellular Standard uses a r=1/2,K=6 convolutional code.

 GSM Cellular Standard uses a r=1/2,K=5 convolutional code.

 IS-95 CDMA Cellular Standard uses a r=1/2,K=9 convolutional code for


forward channel and a a r=1/3,K=9 convolutional code for Reverse
channel.

 Galileo Space Probe used constraint length 15 convolutional code

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