H83MCS - Multicomponent Separations: Flash Calculations
H83MCS - Multicomponent Separations: Flash Calculations
H83MCS - Multicomponent Separations: Flash Calculations
Separations
Flash Calculations
1
Flash Calculations
V
yi condenser
F HV
zi
hF
Feed TF Valve
F, zi Tdrum, Pdrum V yi
PF
T1, P1
Heater,
Pump QH L
xi
hL
1 The composition is
0.8
obtained from the
intersection of the
0.6 operating line and
z, z
y
0
x = 0.37
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
x
3
Flash Calculations (binary system)
F V
0.8
0.6 1 f z
y x
y
f f
0.4 1
0.9 f=0.5
0.8
0.2
0.7 f=0.7
y
0.6
0 0.5
f=1
V, yi
F, zi V, yi
L, xi
5
Flash Calculations
V yi
F zi Pdrum, Tdrum
heat
L xi
• Usually the feed flow rate and the feed mole fractions zi for
C-1 components are specified. Also Pdrum and Tdrum or one
liquid or vapour composition are also specified.
• A component mass balance gives:
Fzi Vyi Lxi
•We can develop this expression to get a method for
calculating V, L and the composition of each stream… 6
Flash Calculations
Fzi
L Lxi
VK i
L 1
VK i
Where is known as the Stripping factor, Si
L 7
Flash Calculations
Fzi
V
L
VK 1
i
L
Where is known as the Absorption factor, Ai
VK i
8
Solving Flash Calculations V, yi
Fzi
xi L, xi
F V K iV
zi
xi
V
1 ( K i 1)
F
K i zi
yi K i xi
V
1 ( K i 1)
F
n
Ki 1zi 0
V
i 1
1 ( K i 1) ?
F
Ki 1zi
Assume v=V/F n
f (v) 0
i 1 1 ( Ki 1)v 10
In order to solve for v, we can use Regula-falsi method, but since an expression
for the derivative of f(v) can be developed, Newton method can also be used:
f ( x) 0 Newton method
f k 1 f k fk
f ' ( xk ) xk 1 xk
xk 1 xk f ' ( xk )
Since the goal is to reach f(x)=0, that’s why we set fk+1 = 0
f (v)
n
Ki 1zi 0 f ' v
n
zi Ki 1
2
i 1 1 ( Ki 1)v i 1
1 ( K i 1)v 2
n
K i 1zi
1 (K
i 1 1)vk V
vk 1 vk n i
vk
zi K i 1
2
F k
i 1 1 ( K i 1)vk
2
11
Example Flash Calculations
V
The following mixture is to be flashed F
isothermally at 3 bar and -40°C
L
Solve this problem in pairs, one use the Regula-falsi method and the other
use the Newton method. In the next example you will swap methods. 12
Example Questions
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