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    Metode Magnetik 1

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    Anjazumaki Aufa
    The magnetic method is one of the oldest branches of geophysics, dating back to the Chinese use of the lodestone's magnetic properties. It involves measuring Earth's magnetic fields and has been used since the 1600s for iron ore prospecting. Modern magnetic tools are inexpensive to acquire and provide geophysical data. The document then discusses fundamental magnetic theories including Coulomb's inverse square law for magnetic forces, magnetic dipoles consisting of two magnetic monopoles, magnetic field lines, magnetic field strength measured in Tesla, and the magnetization of materials.

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    Metode Magnetik 1

    Uploaded by

    Anjazumaki Aufa
    87 views16 pages
    The magnetic method is one of the oldest branches of geophysics, dating back to the Chinese use of the lodestone's magnetic properties. It involves measuring Earth's magnetic fields and has been used since the 1600s for iron ore prospecting. Modern magnetic tools are inexpensive to acquire and provide geophysical data. The document then discusses fundamental magnetic theories including Coulomb's inverse square law for magnetic forces, magnetic dipoles consisting of two magnetic monopoles, magnetic field lines, magnetic field strength measured in Tesla, and the magnetization of materials.

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    Ini PPT Pak Anang Teknik Geofisika ITS

    Original Title

    METODE_MAGNETIK_1

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    The magnetic method is one of the oldest branches of geophysics, dating back to the Chinese use of the lodestone's magnetic properties. It involves measuring Earth's magnetic fields and has been used since the 1600s for iron ore prospecting. Modern magnetic tools are inexpensive to acquire and provide geophysical data. The document then discusses fundamental magnetic theories including Coulomb's inverse square law for magnetic forces, magnetic dipoles consisting of two magnetic monopoles, magnetic field lines, magnetic field strength measured in Tesla, and the magnetization of materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    87 views16 pages

    Metode Magnetik 1

    Uploaded by

    Anjazumaki Aufa
    The magnetic method is one of the oldest branches of geophysics, dating back to the Chinese use of the lodestone's magnetic properties. It involves measuring Earth's magnetic fields and has been used since the 1600s for iron ore prospecting. Modern magnetic tools are inexpensive to acquire and provide geophysical data. The document then discusses fundamental magnetic theories including Coulomb's inverse square law for magnetic forces, magnetic dipoles consisting of two magnetic monopoles, magnetic field lines, magnetic field strength measured in Tesla, and the magnetization of materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    MAGNETICS

    METHODS

    Dwa Desa Warnana


    History of the magnetic method
     Oldest Branch of Geophysics
    • Chinese first to use north-seeking properties of lodestone
    • 1600 William Gilbert publishes De Magnete: ‘…the whole earth is
    a magnet’

     Prospecting
    • Began in Sweden for iron ore in 1640’s
    • Thalen and Tiberg (1870) measured Earth’s magnetic fields
    • A. Schmidt (1915) developed a balance magnetometer
    • During WWII instruments became smaller and easier to use

     Now, magnetic tools are one of the most cheaply and


    easiest to acquire geophysical data sets
    The Earth magnetic Field
    http://www.htlstp.ac.at/~inetwrk1/Magnet_e/anzieh.gif
    The Earth magnetic Field
    Biot – Savart Laws

    http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/magcur.html#c1
    Fundamental Magnetic Theories
    Charles Augustin de Coulomb in 1785 showed that the
    force of attraction or repulsion between electrically
    charged bodies and between magnetic poles obeys an
    inverse square law similar to that derived for gravity by
    Newton

    r
     m = magnetic permeability
     p1 and p2 = strengths of the two magnetic
    monopoles
     r = the distance between the two poles

    Unlike the gravitational constant, G, the magnetic permeability,


    μ, is a property of the material in which the two monopoles, p1
    and p2, are located. If they are in a vacuum, μ is called the
    magnetic permeability of free space.

    Unlike m1 and m2, p1 and p2 can be either positive or


    negative in sign. If p1 and p2 have the same sign, the force
    between the two monopoles is repulsive. If p1 and p2 have
    opposite signs, the force between the two monopoles is
    attractive.
    Fundamental Magnetic Theories
    Fundamental Magnetic Theories
    However, the magnetic monopoles have never existed! Rather the
    fundamental magnetic element appears to consist of two magnetic
    monopoles: one positive and the other negative, separated by a
    distance. Thus the fundamental magnetic element consisting of two
    monopoles is called a magnetic dipole. Every magnetic grain is
    therefore a dipole.
    Fundamental Magnetic Theories

    Magnetic Dipoles

    The force associated with the


    magnetic dipole, looks more
    complicated than the simple
    force associated with gravity
    Fundamental Magnetic Theories
    Field Lines for a Magnetic Dipole

    Another way to visualize the


    magnetic force field
    associated with a magnetic
    dipole is to plot the field
    lines for the force
    Fundamental Magnetic Theories
    Magnetic Field/ Magnetic Field Strength
    The magnetic field strength, H, is defined as the force per unit pole
    strength exerted by a magnetic monopole, p1.

    The units associated with magnetic field


    strength are Newtons per Ampere- meter,
    N / (Amp - m).  Tesla (T)
    Fundamental Magnetic Theories
    Magnetic Field/ Magnetic Field Strength

    • When describing the magnetic field strength of the earth, it is


    more common to use units of nanoTeslas (nT).
    • one nanotesla (nT) is 1 billionth of a tesla.
    • The average strength of the Earth's magnetic field is about
    50,000 nT.
    • A nanotesla was also commonly referred to as a gamma ().
    Magnetization of Materials
    Magnetic Induction

    The strength of the magnetic field induced by the magnetic material


    due to the inducing field is called the intensity of magnetization, M.
    Magnetization of Materials
    Magnetic Induction
    The magnetization is measured by
    the magnetic polarization.

    Intensity of magnetization, M 
    dipole moment per unit volume

    If M is constant and has the same


    direction  uniformly magnetized

    SI unit  Ampere per meter (A/m)

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