Water Flow Control

WATER FLOW CONTROL MINIATURE USING PI
CONTROLLER WITH CHR TUNING METHOD

BASED ON LABVIEW
PRAYUDA ARI GUNTORO (16050874007)
MOCHAMAD MASNUR KHOIRUDIN (16050874029)
MUHAMMAD BADRUDDIN A’LA MUSTHOFA (16050874035)
INTRODUCTION
WATER IS A BASIC NECESSITY IN EVERYDAY LIFE;,WATER HAS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN
SUPPORTING THE PROSPERITY AND WELFARE OF SOCIETY. THE AVAILABILITY OF ADEQUATE
WATER WILL ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT SECTOR IN THE
COMMUNITY.
THE NEED FOR WATER FLOW CONTROL IS NEEDED IN DAILY LIFE. AN EXAMPLE IS THE
REGULATION OF WATER FLOW IN THE DISTRIBUTION PIPELINE OF THE PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AIR
MINUM (PDAM). THE FLOW OF WATER THAT PASSES THROUGH THE DISTRIBUTION PIPE WILL
USUALLY CHANGE ITS SPEED SO THAT THERE ARE STILL MANY CONSUMERS WHO DO NOT GET
THE FLOW OF WATER FOR THEIR DAILY NEEDS.
PURPOSE
THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO PROVIDE A SOLUTION TO THESE PROBLEMS BY

CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF WATER SO THAT IT REMAINS STABLE SO THAT CONSUMERS WHO
DO NOT GET THE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER FOR THEIR DAILY NEEDS WILL DECREASE.
CONTROL METHODS
• IN 2016, ZAHRATUL EXAMINED HOW THE COMPARISON OF PID TUNING PERFORMANCE BY
USING ZIEGLER-NICHOLS AND THE SWARM OPTIMIZATION PARTICLE APPROACH IN THE WATER
CONTROL SYSTEM FOUND THAT THE PSO APPROACH PRODUCED PROMISING RESULTS WITH
LOWER OVERSHOOT COMPARED TO THE ZN APPROACH.
• THIS PAPER DISCUSSES ABOUT THE COMPARISON BETWEEEN PROPORTIONAL INTEGRAL
CONTROLLER BY USING CHIEN-HRONES-RESWICK AND BY USING THE ZIEGLER NICHOLS
METHOD WITH LABVIEW.
PI CONTROLLER
THE MOST DOMINANT PI CONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE IS THE ‘IDEAL’ PI CONTROLLER, GIVEN BY
1
𝐺𝑐 𝑠 = 𝐾𝑐 1+
𝑇𝑖 𝑠
WHERE: - KC STATES PROPORTIONAL REINFORCEMENT

- TI REPRESENTS INTEGRAL TIME
CHIEN-HRONES-RESWICK (CHR)
CHIEN-HRONES-RESWICK (CHR) METHOD IS THE MODIFIED VERSION OF THE ZIEGLER-
NICHOLS METHOD [6]. THIS METHOD WAS DEVELOPED IN 1952 BY CHIEN-HRONES-RESWICK.
FIGURE 1. STEP RESPONE

THE C-H-R METHOD UTILIZES THE OPEN LOOP ZN METHOD THAT USES STEP RESPONSE
TO DETERMINE THE VALUES OF K, L, T. THE CONTROLLER PARAMETERS FROM CHIEN, HRONES
AND RESWICK SET POINT RESPONSE METHOD ARE SUMMARIZED IN TABLE 1.
Tabel 2. C-H-R Method
Regulator – 20% Overshoot
Controller Kc Ti Td
P 0.7 T/L - -
PI 0.7 T/L 2.3L -
PID 1.2 T/L 2L 0.42L

SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
THE OVERALL DESIGN OF SYSTEM
Figure 2. The Overall Design of System

SENSOR TEST
TABEL 2. MEASURING OF FLOW SENSOR
No Cup Measure (L) LCD (L) Difference
1 0.5 0.525 0.025
2 0.5 0.521 0.021
3 0.5 0.513 0.013
4 0.5 0.508 0.008
5 0.5 0.506 0.006
HOW TO FIND THE PRECENTAGE OF ERRORS AS FOLLOWS:
• TOTAL DIFFERENCE: 0.073
• TOTAL TRIALS: 5
FROM THE CALCULATION OF THE PRECENTAGE OF ERRORS OBTAINED THE PRECENTAGE ERROR
RATE OF 1.46%
MATHEMATICAL MODELING C-H-R TUNING
• TO DETERMINE THE INITIAL VALUE, THE STEP RESPONSE METHOD FROM
ZN IS USED TO OBTAIN THE K, L, T VALUES. FIRST, THE SYSTEM IS RUN
WITH SET POINT 3 WITHOUT USING THE CONTROLLER TO GET THE PV
GRAPH
• FROM THE PV CHART, K = 3.899, L = 0.753, AND T = 0.155, THE
VALUES OBTAINED ARE PROCESSED BY THE FORMULA IN TABLE 1 AS
FOLLOWS:
KNOWN: L = 0.753 AND T = 0.155
WANTED: THE VALUE OF KP AND TI?
ANSWER:
#REGULATOR – 20% OVERSHOOT PI
VALUE KP AND TI:

RESULT
Figure 3. Respond (Setpoint,Without Controller, Ziegler Nichols,and CHR )

Figure 4. The Result of response with disturbance
Figure 5. The Result of response set point changeable

Tunin
td tr tp
g
CHR 8.2 24.8 26.69
ZN 8.9 26.19 36.29

CONCLUSION
THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE DESIGN OF PI CONTROLS TO REGULATE WATER FLOW. THIS STUDY USES
THE INTEGRAL PROPORTIONAL METHOD. TO DETERMINE THE VALUE OF KP AND TI USING THE CHIEN-
HRONES-RESWICK METHOD OR COMMONLY CALLED THE CHR METHOD. BY USING THE 20% CHR
REGULATOR METHOD, KP = 0.144 AND TI = 0.577 ARE OBTAINED. WHEN THE CONTROLLER IS SET TO
USE THE VALUES OF KP AND TI USING THE CHR METHOD, THE FASTER RESPONSE RESULTS REACH A
STEADY STATE THAN THE VALUE OF THE ZIEGLER NICHOLS TUNING METHOD WHOSE RESPONSE IS
SLOW TO REACH THE STEADY STATE. LIKEWISE WHEN THE SYSTEM IS GIVEN A DISTURBANCE, THE
RESPONSE OF THE SENSOR MODULE CAN FOLLOW THE SETPOINT CORRECTLY. AND WHEN THE
SETPOINT IS CHANGED, THE RESPONSE FROM THE SYSTEM CAN FOLLOW THE SETPOINT. THIS WORK
CAN BE EXTENDED WITH PI CONTROLLED FEEDBACK TO MAINTAIN AN ACCURATE FLOW RATE IN THE
PIPE.
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
To Be Continuous......

Water Flow Control

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WATER FLOW CONTROL MINIATURE USING PI

CONTROLLER WITH CHR TUNING METHOD

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO PROVIDE A SOLUTION TO THESE PROBLEMS BY

THE MOST DOMINANT PI CONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE IS THE ‘IDEAL’ PI CONTROLLER, GIVEN BY

WHERE: - KC STATES PROPORTIONAL REINFORCEMENT

FIGURE 1. STEP RESPONE

Regulator – 20% Overshoot

PI 0.7 T/L 2.3L -

PID 1.2 T/L 2L 0.42L

Figure 2. The Overall Design of System

VALUE KP AND TI:

Figure 3. Respond (Setpoint,Without Controller, Ziegler Nichols,and CHR )

Figure 5. The Result of response set point changeable

ZN 8.9 26.19 36.29

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