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    Experimental Research: Factorial Design

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    Buen Saligan
    Factorial experimental designs involve manipulating two or more independent variables. They have advantages over one-way experiments by examining interactions between factors. Main effects refer to the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. Interactions occur when the effect of one factor depends on the level of the other factor. Simple effects examine the effect of one factor at different levels of the other. Factorial designs use ANOVA to analyze main effects and interactions and present results in summary tables and interaction charts.

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    Experimental Research: Factorial Design

    Uploaded by

    Buen Saligan
    357 views9 pages
    Factorial experimental designs involve manipulating two or more independent variables. They have advantages over one-way experiments by examining interactions between factors. Main effects refer to the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. Interactions occur when the effect of one factor depends on the level of the other factor. Simple effects examine the effect of one factor at different levels of the other. Factorial designs use ANOVA to analyze main effects and interactions and present results in summary tables and interaction charts.

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    Factorial experimental designs involve manipulating two or more independent variables. They have advantages over one-way experiments by examining interactions between factors. Main effects refer to the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. Interactions occur when the effect of one factor depends on the level of the other factor. Simple effects examine the effect of one factor at different levels of the other. Factorial designs use ANOVA to analyze main effects and interactions and present results in summary tables and interaction charts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    357 views9 pages

    Experimental Research: Factorial Design

    Uploaded by

    Buen Saligan
    Factorial experimental designs involve manipulating two or more independent variables. They have advantages over one-way experiments by examining interactions between factors. Main effects refer to the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. Interactions occur when the effect of one factor depends on the level of the other factor. Simple effects examine the effect of one factor at different levels of the other. Factorial designs use ANOVA to analyze main effects and interactions and present results in summary tables and interaction charts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    11.

    Experimental Research:
    Factorial Design
    • What are factorial experimental designs, and what advantages do
    they have over one-way experiments?
    • What is meant by crossing the factors in a factorial design?
    • What are main effects, interactions, and simple effects?
    • What are some of the possible patterns that interaction can take?
    • How are the data from a factorial design presented in the research
    reports?
    • What is a mixed factorial design?
    • What is the purpose of comparing means, and what statistical
    techniques are used to do this?
    Factorial Experimental Designs
    Factorial Experimental Designs

    Experimental designs with more than one independent variable.


    The term factor refer to each of manipulated independent variables.

    Example. IV. Sex (male, female), 2 Factors


    Ethnicity (Black, White, Asian, Latino)
    DV. Self-esteem 4 levels

    2 levels Black White Asian Ratino


    M 20 24 19 20 Cells
    F 24 18 20 21 2  4 designs
    The Two-Way Design
    Example. Violent cartoons and children’s frustrated state increase
    their aggressive behavior.

    IV: Violent Cartoons vs. Nonviolent Cartoons


    Frustrated State vs. Non Frustrated State
    DV: Children’s aggressive behaviors.
    Violent Nonviolent

    Frustrated M = 2.68 N= 10 M = 3.25 N= 10 Av. M = 2.97

    Not
    frustrated M = 5.62 N= 10 M = 2.17 N= 10 Av. M = 3.90

    Av. M = 4.15 Av. M = 2.71


    Main Effects, Interactions, and Simple Effects

    Main Effects The effect of each factors

    The effects in which the influence of one factor on the


    Interactions
    DV is different at different levels of another factors.
    Simple Effects The effect of one factor within a level of another factor

    Violent Nonviolent

    Frustrated M = 2.68 N= 10 M = 3.25 N= 10 Av. M = 2.97

    Not
    frustrated M = 5.62 N= 10 M = 2.17 N= 10 Av. M = 3.90

    Av. M = 4.15 Av. M = 2.71


    ANOVA Summary Table
    Source Sum of df Mean F p-value
    Squares Square

    DV:
    Cartoon 23.56 1 23.56 4.56 .04*
    Aggressive
    Play
    Prior State 11.33 1 11.33 2.00 .17

    Cartoon by
    Prior State 29.45 1 29.45 5.87 .03*

    Residual 41.33 36 5.17


    Total 94.67 39 59.51
    Chart

    Cartoon
    Residual
    Prior
    State
    C & PS
    Understanding Interactions
    DV DV DV Frustrated
    Nonfrustrated

    Violent Nonviolent Violent Nonviolent Violent Nonviolent

    Patterns with Main Effects Only


    Understanding Interactions
    DV DV DV Frustrated
    Nonfrustrated

    Crossover Interaction

    Violent Nonviolent Violent Nonviolent Violent Nonviolent

    Patterns with Main Effects & Interaction Only


    Interpretation and Presentation of
    Main Effects and Interpretations

    2 (cartoon)  2 (prior state) ANOVA was conducted. The


    results indicated that there were significant main effect of cartoon,
    F (1, 38) = 4.45, p < .05. Children who viewed the violent
    cartoon (M = 2.89) were rated as playing more aggressively than
    children who had viewed the nonviolent cartoon (M = 1.52). This
    main effect, however, should be qualified by the interaction with
    prior state, F (1, 36) = 4.42, p < .05. Children who were frustrated
    and viewed the violent cartoon (M = 5.55) were rated as playing
    more aggressively than children in other conditions (M = 1.11, 1.48,
    1.54, respectively).

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