Final PPT Major Thermoacoustic Refrigeration

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANIACAL ENGINEEERING
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SRINAGAR,J&K
THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION
M.TECH. PRESENTATION
Presented by
SURAJ KUMAR CHAUDHARY
2018MMECMS004
WHAT IS THERMO ACOUSTIC?
Thermo acoustics is a science that is concerned with the interactions
between heat(thermo) and pressure oscillation in gases(acoustics).
This field can be broken into two subcategories.
 The first is the forward effect which is concerned with the generation of
pressure oscillation from heat, is primarily used to create engines known as
thermo acoustic engines.
 The second subcategory is reversed of using acoustic waves to pump heat,

creates thermo acoustic refrigerators.
The Thermoacoustic Effect
• Thermal + Acoustic
- generating sound using temperature gradient and vice-versa…
Gay Lussac’s Law

T α P
An adiabatically An adiabatically
compressed expanded gas cools down...
gas heats up….
COMPONENTS
• Acoustic Loudspeaker
• Resonance tube
• Stack
• Heat Exchangers
Stack
Stack
Loudspeaker Heat Exchanger

SETUP
 First take a resonator tube.
 Customized loudspeaker are attached to the resonator tube.
 Filled it with inert, pressurized gases such as xenon and helium.
 Placing the stack at certain position.
 Placing heat exchanger
at each side of the stack.

THERMOACOUSTIC CYCLE
• When the loud speaker blast sound at 180 decibels, an acoustic wave
resonate in the resonance tube.
• Adiabatic compression of the gas
• Isobaric heat transfer
• Adiabatic expansion of the gas

• Isobaric heat transfer
THERMOACOUSTIC CYCLE
Theoretical Basics
• Pressure and displacement oscillations in a sound wave are accompanied by

temperature oscillations. For an adiabatic sound wave propagating through an
ideal gas, the temperature oscillations are related to pressure oscillations as :
T1   1 p1

Tm  pm
• In medium like air at STP and pressure amplitude of ordinary conversation (60 dB),
the magnitude of temperature oscillations is about 10-4 oC and go undetected by
human senses. Working at high pressure amplitudes, the thermal interaction of
sound waves (fluid) with a different medium (a solid for instance) can result into
sufficiently large amount of heat exchange between the fluid and the solid.
• Thermoacoustic refrigerator is a special kind of device that uses energy of sound
waves or acoustic energy to pump heat from low temperature reservoir to a high
temperature reservoir.
Theoretical Basics
• Thermoacoustic refrigerator is a special kind of device that uses energy of
sound waves or acoustic energy to pump heat from low temperature
reservoir to a high temperature reservoir.
MERITS
 No moving parts, so very reliable and a long life span.
 The harmful refrigerant gases are removed.
 Thermo acoustic refrigeration works best with inert gases such as

helium and argon, which are harmless, nonflammable, nontoxic,
non-ozone depleting and is judged inexpensive to manufacture.
 Use of simple materials, which are commercially available in large

quantities and therefore relatively cheap.
 Saved energy up to 40% .

DEMERITS
 Efficiency of thermo acoustic refrigeration is currently less than the
traditional refrigerators.
 Lack of suppliers producing customized components.
 Lack of interest because industry concentration on developing

alternative gases to CFCs.
 There are not enough people who have expertise in this discipline.
CONCLUSION
• Thermo acoustic engines and refrigerators were already being
considered a few years ago for specialized applications, where their
simplicity, lack of lubrication and sliding seals, and their use of
environmentally harmless working fluids were adequate
compensation for their lower efficiencies.
• In future let us hope these thermo acoustic devices help to protect
the planet might soon take over other costly, less durable and
polluting engines and pumps.
REFERENCE
 G. W. Swift, “Thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators,” Phys.
Today 48, 22-28 (1995).
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/thermoacousticengine
 http://www.thermoacousticscorp.com/news/index.cfm/ID/4.htm. 17
July 2006.
 S. L. Garrett and S. Backhaus, ‘‘The power of sound,’’ Am. Sci. 88,
516–525 (2000).
 www.arl.psu.edu/capabilities/uss_acou_tre.html
THANK YOU

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DEPARTMENT OF MECHANIACAL ENGINEEERING

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

This field can be broken into two subcategories.

 The second subcategory is reversed of using acoustic waves to pump heat,

Gay Lussac’s Law

Loudspeaker Heat Exchanger

 Customized loudspeaker are attached to the resonator tube.

 Filled it with inert, pressurized gases such as xenon and helium.

 Placing the stack at certain position.

 Placing heat exchanger

at each side of the stack.

• Adiabatic expansion of the gas

• Pressure and displacement oscillations in a sound wave are accompanied by

 The harmful refrigerant gases are removed.

 Thermo acoustic refrigeration works best with inert gases such as

 Use of simple materials, which are commercially available in large

 Saved energy up to 40% .

 Lack of suppliers producing customized components.

 Lack of interest because industry concentration on developing

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