The Project Management and Information Technology Context
The Project Management and Information Technology Context
MANAGEMENT AND
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
CONTEXT
Learning Objectives
• Describe the systems view of project management and how it
applies to information technology (IT) projects
• Understand organizations, including the four frames, organizational
structures, and organizational culture
• Explain why stakeholder management and top management
commitment are critical for a project’s success
• Understand the concept of a project phase and the project life
cycle, and distinguish between project development and product
development
• Discuss the unique attributes and diverse nature of IT projects
• Describe recent trends affecting IT project management, including
globalization, outsourcing, virtual teams, and agile project
management
System Approach
• Systems philosophy is an overall model for thinking about things as
systems.
– Systems are sets of interacting components that work within an
environment to fulfill some purpose.
• Systems analysis is a problem-solving approach that requires
defining the scope of the system, dividing it into components, and
then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities,
constraints, and needs.
– Once this is completed, the systems analyst then examines alternative
solutions for improving the current situation; identifies an optimum,
or at least satisfactory, solution or action plan; and examines that plan
against the entire system.
• Systems management addresses the business, technological, and
organizational issues associated with creating, maintaining, and
modifying a system.
The Three-Sphere Model for Systems
Management
• Business
• Organization
business
• Technology
Organisasi technology
• What will the tablet project cost the college?
• What will it cost students?
• What will support costs be?
• What will the impact be on enrollments?
CEO
VP
VP engineering VP IT VP HR
manufacturing
CEO
PM A PM B PM C
VP VP
PM VP IT VP HR
engineering manufacturing
1
PM A : 2 eng 3 ½ IT ½ HR
manufacturing
3
PM B : 5 eng 10 IT 1 HR
manufacturing
0
PM C : 1 eng 4 IT 1/5 HR
manufacturing
Organizational structure and its influences
on projects
Project Phases And The Project Life Cycle
Product Life Cycles
• The waterfall life cycle model
• The spiral life cycle model
• The incremental build life cycle model
• The protoyping life cycle model
Product Life Cycles