METLAND - Metropolitan Landscape Planning Model - : An Evaluation &implementation Model

METLAND– Metropolitan Landscape Planning Model – an
evaluation &implementation model.
A landscape planning model for metros for assessing

1. special resources,
2. hazards(natural and man-made) &
3. development suitability
Computer mapping helps in the quantitative and spatial

mapping of resultant assessments
METLAND - a framework for incorporating economic

evaluations of resources, hazards &development suitability's
into land use decisions
HISTORY
Interdisciplinary Landscape research team (over 3 0 people)

- at the University of Massachusetts, U.S.A. in 1 9 7 1 –
developed the Metropolitan Landscape Planning Model
(METLAND)
Applied the Model to Burlington town in the larger Boston

Metropolitan Area ( 2 5 0 0 square miles) mapping 2 0 yrs. of
Metropolitanization
Problem of “Metropolitanization of eastern Massachusetts”

had caused
•a needlessly high depletion of environmental / landscape
resources,
•increased hazards &
•development often on marginally suitable lands
Metropolitinization – has impaired vital ecological stability of large
landscape units
Important step – quantify this phenomena &place them on equal terms

with other quantified “Values” in the decision making process
Highways &other major public installations - major growth generators

Planners have hardly taken the ecological aspect into account for their
design
Boston - 8 0 % developed with modern industries, shopping centres &

low density housing
METLAND team – “attention of decision makers on the resulting

landscape issues would be better if the scale of the negative
consequences of their actions were assessed, quantified &highlighted”
Research done – attempt to place economic values on several resource
variables Other possible areas of research
•Evaluation on energy use analysis
•Perception of conservationists &developers
FRAMEWORKOF THEMETLANDMODEL
Proposes a 3-phase planning model

1.Assessment phase
2.Evaluation phase
3.Implementation phase
Assessment phase consists of a selection of variables analyzing the

intrinsic value of those environmental characteristics which may benefit or
harm society
These are mapped &organized into 4 groups called components

Every individual variable has a specific value &the grouping helps us
identify complimentary relationships and environmental issues . The
combined values are helpful in decision making.
4 components of assessment phase

1.Special resources
2.Hazards
3.Development suitability
4.Ecological Stability
SPECIALRESOURCES COMPONENT – addresses environmental resources
&deals with
1.Renewable physical resources e.g. Water critical to Metros
2.Non-renewable physical resources e.g. Sand
3.“Aesthetic-cultural” resources e.g. Views - enhances quality of life
Individual special resources / variables FIRST TYPE

•Agricultural productivity
•Wildlife productivity – open land, wood land, wet land - wild life sub
variables
•Water resources SECOND TYPE
•Sand &Gravel supply THIRD TYPE
•Visual Landscape quality – quality wetland areas, views and historical sites
•Visual contrast
•Diversity &compatibility of land uses
HAZARD COMPONENT – adresses environmental dangers or

undesirabilities 3 environmental variables
1.Air pollution
2.Noise pollution
3.Flooding Gives both the type &magnitude of the hazard
DEVELOPMENT SUITABILITY COMPONENT – addresses environmental
opportunities for alternative types of development. Opportunities are
landscape resources that can minimize the cost of development while
increasing human comfort &user amenities.
3 variables
1.Physical variable
2.Topo-climate variable
3.Visual variable To enhance suitability &attractiveness of an area of
development
ECOLOGICALSTABILITYCOMPONENT – addresses ecological impact,

ecosystem structure and function &implications of these in land-use
decisions 3 environmental variables
1.Air pollution
2.Noise pollution
3.Flooding Gives both the type &magnitude of the hazard
MAPPING SYSTEM The COMLUP - Computer Mapping for Land-Use

Planning developed by Dr. Neil Allen of the U.S.D.A. Forest Dept. Has 2 5
programs with provision for inventory, overlay &line plotting of spatially
located source data

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METLAND– Metropolitan Landscape Planning Model – an

evaluation &implementation model.

A landscape planning model for metros for assessing

Computer mapping helps in the quantitative and spatial

METLAND - a framework for incorporating economic

Interdisciplinary Landscape research team (over 3 0 people)

Applied the Model to Burlington town in the larger Boston

Problem of “Metropolitanization of eastern Massachusetts”

Important step – quantify this phenomena &place them on equal terms

Highways &other major public installations - major growth generators

Boston - 8 0 % developed with modern industries, shopping centres &

METLAND team – “attention of decision makers on the resulting

Proposes a 3-phase planning model

Assessment phase consists of a selection of variables analyzing the

These are mapped &organized into 4 groups called components

4 components of assessment phase

Individual special resources / variables FIRST TYPE

HAZARD COMPONENT – adresses environmental dangers or

ECOLOGICALSTABILITYCOMPONENT – addresses ecological impact,

MAPPING SYSTEM The COMLUP - Computer Mapping for Land-Use

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