Rizal's Higher Edu

cation and Abroad

1882-1887s
In Sunny Spain

1882
 University of Santo Of Tomas- Rizal finis
hed his pre med course,
 Spain- was a constitutional monarchy
- freedom of speech, freedom of press,

freedom of assembly
- granted human rights
 Secret Mission- more important than
merely completing his studies
-Rizal's biographies didn't/never
mentioned this in their writings.
Rizal's Secret mission
 Has the approval of Paciano
 To observe the life, culture, and laws, etc. in Spai

n.
 Secret Departure for Spain- to avoid detection b

y Spanish authorities and friars:

- Jose Mercado- he used the name of his cousin
-Salvadora- ship that took Rizal to Singapore
- Singapore-Capt. Donato Becha befriended Rizal
Singapore to Colombo
 Djennah- a french steamer which sailing for
Europe (May 11 1882)
 Rizal attempted to converse with French spe
akers
 May 17, 1882- Rizal reached the Colombo
which was the capital of Sri Lanka.
 First Trip to Suez Canal- Rizal got thrilled i
n his trip to Canal.
 Naples and Marseilles- he visited the famou
s Chateu d'lt.
Barcelona
 June 16, 1882, Rizal arrived in Barcelona
 2nd largest city in Spain

 Rizal found this to be a great city.

 Filipinos in Barcelona- some of them were

his schoolmates in Ateneo.

- the gave him the latest news/ gossips in the
Philippines
 Amor Patrio- (Love of Country) Rizal's fir
st article in Spain's soil.
 sent this to Teodor Moran, publisher of Dia
ryong Tagalog.
 Laong Laan- pen name of Rizal and the art
icle was published in Spanish and Tagalog.
 Marcelo H. Del Pilar- translated the Amor
Patrio in Tagalog.
 Juventud Filipina- award winning by the A
mor Patrio
 Los Viajes- (Travels) 2nd article of Rizal.
 Revista de Madrid- (Review pof Madrid)
Manila Moves to Madrid
 Rizal recieved a sad news about the cholera
ravenging in Manila and other province.
 Many died because of Spanish health author
ities were impotent to check.
 May 26, 1882- Paciano sent a letter advicin
g Rizal to finish medicine in Madrid.
Life in Madrid
 Nov 3, 1882- Rizal enrolled in University of
Madrid in 2 courses; Medicine and Philosop
hy
 Academy of Fine Arts in San Fernando- he
studied painting and Sculpture.
 Private instructor- where he learned French,
German and Englis.
 Hall of Arms of Son y Carbonell- practiced
fencing and shooting.
Romance with Consuelo Ortiga y Pere
z
 Daughter of Don Pabl
o
 Wrote a poem entitled
“A La Senorita C.o.y.
p”
 Rizal backed out for h
e was engage to Leono
r Rivera and his friend
liked Consuelo
They asked me for Verses
 A poem requested b
y the members of C
irculo Hispiano Fili
pino
 Circulo Hispiano Fi
lipino- a society of
Spaniards and Filipi
no which Rizal deci
ded to join.
Rizal as Book Lovers
 As favorite pastime of Rizal was reading
 He economize on his living expenses and wi
th the money he saved, he purchased books
from a second hand bookstore owned by a c
ertain Senyor Roses. He was able to build a
fair sized library
Rizal's First Visit to Paris
 Rizal was mistaken by the Parisians as a Jap
anese
 The prices of food, drinks, theaters, tickets,
laundry, hotel accommodations, and transpo
rtation were to high for his slender purse so
that he commented in a letter to his family;
“Paris is the costliest capital in Europe.
Rizal as Mason
 He transferred to lodge in Lodge Solidarida
d (Madrid) where he became a master maso
n on November 15, 1890
 As a mason, he played a lukewarm role in F
ree Masonry, unlike M.H. del Pilar, G Lope
z-Jaena, and Mariano Ponce who were very
active in Masonic affairs
Financial Worries
 A touching in his life in Madrid occured on
June 24, 1884 because he was broke and un
able to taake breafast that day.
 With an empty stomach he attended his clas
s at the university, participated in the contes
t in Greek launguage and on the gold medal.
In the evenng of the same day he was able t
o eat dinner for he was a guest speaker.
Rizal salute to Luna and Hidalgo
 Speaking in sonorous Castilian, Rizal held h
is audience spellbound.
 He saluted Luna and Hidalgoas the glories o
f Spain and the Philippines whose artistic ac
hievements transcended geographical fronti
ers and racial origins for genius is universal
Rizal Involved in Student Demonstrati
ons
 November 20-22, 1884, serene city of Madr
id exploded in bloody riots by the students o
f the central university that were caused by t
he address of Dr. Morayta.
Studies Completed in Spain
 He completed his medical course in Spain. He was
conferred the Degree of Licentiante in Medicine b
y Universidad Sentral de Madrid one June 21, 188
4
 The nextt academic year (1884-1885) he studied a
nd passed all the subjcets leading to the degree of
Doctor pf Medicine
 By obtaining the degree of Licentiate in Philosoph
y and letters, he is qualified to be a professor in an
y Spanish University.
Paris to Berlin

1885
 Rizal went to Paris Germany in order to specialize
in opthalmology
 He served as the assistant to the famous occulist in
Europe
 In Berlin, capital of Germany, he met and befriend
ed several top German scientists, Dr. Feodor Jagor,
Dr. Adolph Mayer, Dr. Hans Mayer, and Dr, Rudol
f Virchow.
 In Gay Paris (1885-86) he went to Paris in order m
ore knowledge in opthalmology.
 On his way to Paris, he stopped at Barcelona to vis
it his friend, Maximo Viola
 In November 1885, Rizal was living in Pari
s where he was sojourned for months,
 Rizal as a Musician
 He had no natural aptitude for music
 Rizal was a flutist and even composed some
songs, particularly “Ano mang Lahi”
 In Historic Heidelberg, on February 13, 188
6 he arrived in Heidelberg a historic city of
Germany
 “To the Flowers of Heidelberg” In the spring of 1
886, Rizal was fascinated by the blooming flowers
along the cool banks of Neekos River
 He wrote on April 22, 1886 a fine poem, “A Las Fl
ores de Heidelberg”
 With Pastor Ullmer at Whilhemsfeld, Rizal stayed
at the vicarage of a kind protestant Pastor Dr. Karl
Ullmer
 First Letter to Bluementritt- on July 31, 1886, Riza
l wrote his first letter in Germany to Professor Fer
dinand Bluementritt
 Fifth Centerary of Heidelberg University- R
izal was fortunate to be sojourning in Heidel
berg when the famous University in Heidelb
erg held its fifth Centerary on Aug 6 1886.
 In Leipzig and Dresden- he attended some l
ectures at the university of Leizpig on Histo
ry and Psychology.
 On October 29, he left Leipzig for Dresden
where he met Dr. Adolph B. Mayer
 Rizal Welcomed in Berlin's Scientific Circles - Riz
al was enchanted by Berlin because of its scientific
atmosphere and the absence of re prejudice.
 He met for the first timetime Dr. Feodor Jagor, cel
ebrated German scientist-traveller and author of Tr
avels in the Philippines.
 Rizal became a member of the Anthropological So
ciety, the Ethnological Society, and the Geographi
cal Society of Berlin.
 Rizal wrote a scholarly paper in German entitled T
ayal-lisehe Verkunst (Tagalog Medical Arts)
 Rizal's life in Berlin- He lived in German for five r
eason:
1. To gain further knowledge of Opthalmology
2. To further his studies of Sciences and language
3. To observe the economic had political conditions
of the German Nation
4. To associate with Famous German Scientist and s
cholars.
5. To publish his Novel, Noli Me Tangere
 Rizal on German Women- One of his important
letters written while he was in Germany was th
at addressed to his sister Trinidad.
 German Customs- Rizal admired German custo
ms which he observed well , among these are C
hristams customs and self introductions to stran
gers in a social gathering.
 Rizal's darkest winter- the winter in Berlin.
Noli Me Tangere Publishe
d in Berlin

1887
Idea of Writing a Novel on the Philippi
nes
 Reading Hariet Beacher Stow
e's Uncle Tom's Cabin
 Portrays the brutalitities of Am
erican slave-owners and patheti
c conditions of the unfortunate
Negro slaves
 Dr. Jose Rizal was then a stude
nt in University of Madrid
January 2, 1884
 Rizal proposed the
writing of a novel about the Philippines at the Pa
terno's Residence
 Unanimously approved by:
• Paternos (Pedro, Maximino, and Antonio)
• Graciano Lopez Jaena
• Evaristo Aguire
• Eduardo de Lete
• Julio Llorente
• Malecio Figueroa
• Valentin Ventura
The Writing of the Noli 1884
 End 1884- Rizal began writing the novel in Madri
d and finished about one half of it.
• In 1885, he went to Paris and continued writing th
e novel, finishing one half of the second half.
• He was in Germany when he finished the last fou
rth of the novel
• April-June 1886, he wrote the least few chapters
of the Noli in Wilhemsfled
• Winter days of February 1886, in Berlin, Rizal m
ade the final revisions on the manuscript of the N
oli.
Viola, Savior of the Noli
 Dr. Maximo Viola
• Jose Rizal's friend

• A scion of rich family of San Miguel Bulacan

• He gladly agreed to finance printing cost of Noli.

Berliner Buchdruckrei-Action-Gesselschaft
-A printing shop which charged lowest rate 300 pesos f
or 2,000 copies of the novels.
February 21, 1887

The Noli was finall

y finished
Rizal Suspected as Frenchy Spy
 During the prinitng of Noli, the chief of poli
ce in Berlin visited Rizal's boarding house a
nd requested to see his, unfortunately that ti
me, to travel with or without passport is poss
ible. The police told him to produce a passpo
rt after 4 days.
Printing of the Noli Finished (1887)
 Everyday Rizal and Viola were always at t
he printing shop proof reading the printed
pages. March 21, 1887, the Noli Me Tange
re came off the press, Rizal immediately se
nt the first copies to Bluementritt, Dr. Anto
nio Regidor, G. Lopez-Jaena, Mariano Pon
ce, and Felix Hidalgo.
 He sent a letter to Bluementritt with the book. On t
he letter: “I am sending you a book, my first boo
k...bold book on the life of Tagalogs... Filipinos wi
ll find it the history of the last 10 years.
 March 29, 1887, in token of his appreciation and g
ratitude, gave Viola the galley of proofs of the Nol
i carefully rolled around the pen that he used with
the following inscriptions “To umy dear friend, M
aximo Viola, the first to read and appreciate my w
ork- Jose Rizal”
The Title of the Novel
 Noli Me Tangere on Latin phrase which means
“Touch Me Not”
 Rizal admitted taking it from the Bible
 Rizal wrote to Felix Hidalgo in French on Marc
h 5, 1887 saying: “Noli Me Tangere are words t
aken from the Gospel of Saint Luke, signifying
“do not touch me”
 But then Rizal made a mistake for it should be t
he Gospel St. John
The Author's Dedication
 Rizal dedicated his Noli Me Tangere to the
Philippines- To My Fatherland.
Sypnosis of the Noli
 The Novel Contains 63 Chapters
 Set up in the 19th century of the Philippine
s, main character is Crisostomo Ibarra.
The Noli Based on Truth
Missing Chapter of the Noli
 There was a chapter entitled “Elias and Salo
me” which follows the Chapter XXIV-In Th
e woods
 Deleted by Rizal to reduce page of the man
uscript and to lessen the expenses on printin
g the book.
Rizal's Grand Tour of Eu
rope and Voila

1887
THE TOUR BEGIN:

May 11, 1887 they left BERLIN by trai

n
It was the best travel for them
DRESDEN
 they went to FLORAL exhibit
 - visited Dr. Adolph B. Meyer
 -They also visited the museum of arts - the
promentheus Bound
 - they left BERLIN and went to Teschen
 - and they sent letter to Blumentritt
First meeting with Blumentritt
 May 13 ,1887 at 1:30pm they arrived in the
railroad
 In the place of FERDINAND BLUMENTR
ITT
 - they stayed there from May 13 to 16 ,1887
Memories in Leitmeritz
 - they enjoy the hospitality of Blumentritt fa
mily
 - they went to beer garden in Bohemia
 - they attended a meeting of tourist club in
Leitmeritz
 - He met Dr. Carlos a Polish scholar
 - Rizal was introduced to professor Robert
Klutschak a well known scholar
 - last night they have a dinner with the Blu
mentritt family
 - May 16, at 9:45 am they left Leitmeritz by
train
Prague
 - they went to Dr. Willcom the professor of
NATURAL HISTORY IN UNIVERSITY O
F PRAGUE
 - they also went to :
 *Tomb of Copernicus
 *Meseum of natural history
 *Bacteriological laboratory
 And CAVE of San Juan Nepomoceno
Vienna
 may 20 they went to " QUEEN OF THE DANUB
E"
 - He met Norfenfall
 -Rizal received his lost diamond stickpin
 - they stayed at Metropole hotel
 And they visited the:
 Churches, museum, theaters,art galleries and the p
ublic parks
 - they met Masner and Nudsman
Voyage to LINTZ
 May 24 they rode on a river bout to see the
DANUBE RIVER
From LINTZ to RHEINFALL
 - they travel overland to salzburganx Munic
h
 - they taste the famous Munich beer
 - they went to Nuremberg
 - they went to Ulm then to Rheinfall
Switzerland
 -they stayed from June 2 to 3
Geneva
 - they crossed foggy leman lake to Geneva
 - June 19, 1877 it's Rizal birthday
 - June 23 Rizal and Viola parted ways
The Madrid exposition
 there was an exposition of Philippines held
in Madrid
 - Igorot were exhibit some were died
Italy
 He visited Turin,Milan, Venice and Florence
 - June 27 1887 he reached Rome
 June 29 he visited Vatican
Thank you!