Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 67 views

    Gasification and Pyrolysis

    Uploaded by

    mani kanta
    Gasification and pyrolysis are advanced thermal technologies that convert biomass and waste into energy resources like syngas, char, and liquids. Gasification involves heating materials to produce syngas for fuel or chemicals, while pyrolysis heats materials to form char and gas or liquid fuels. Both processes break down materials through chemical reactions like drying, pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification to create useful energy products. The benefits include renewable energy production, waste treatment, and greenhouse gas reductions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Gasification and Pyrolysis

    Uploaded by

    mani kanta
    67 views12 pages
    Gasification and pyrolysis are advanced thermal technologies that convert biomass and waste into energy resources like syngas, char, and liquids. Gasification involves heating materials to produce syngas for fuel or chemicals, while pyrolysis heats materials to form char and gas or liquid fuels. Both processes break down materials through chemical reactions like drying, pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification to create useful energy products. The benefits include renewable energy production, waste treatment, and greenhouse gas reductions.

    Original Description:

    Power point presentation to know a brief idea about gasification and pyrolysis

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Gasification and pyrolysis are advanced thermal technologies that convert biomass and waste into energy resources like syngas, char, and liquids. Gasification involves heating materials to produce syngas for fuel or chemicals, while pyrolysis heats materials to form char and gas or liquid fuels. Both processes break down materials through chemical reactions like drying, pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification to create useful energy products. The benefits include renewable energy production, waste treatment, and greenhouse gas reductions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    67 views12 pages

    Gasification and Pyrolysis

    Uploaded by

    mani kanta
    Gasification and pyrolysis are advanced thermal technologies that convert biomass and waste into energy resources like syngas, char, and liquids. Gasification involves heating materials to produce syngas for fuel or chemicals, while pyrolysis heats materials to form char and gas or liquid fuels. Both processes break down materials through chemical reactions like drying, pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification to create useful energy products. The benefits include renewable energy production, waste treatment, and greenhouse gas reductions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    GASIFICATION AND PYROLYSIS

    Gasification - A process in which biomass or waste


    is heated in a vessel to produce a gas (syngas) that
    can then be used as a fuel to produce electricity or
    as an intermediate for chemicals or fuels
    production
    Pyrolysis - A process in which biomass or waste is
    heated in a vessel to form a char and a gas and/or
    liquid that can be used to produce electricity or
    other fuels

    1
    What are gasification and pyrolysis?
    • They are Advanced Thermal Technology (ATT)
    processes
    • They are two different processes for turning
    biomass and residual wastes into an energy
    resource
    • With options for turning waste and biomass
    into power, fuels, or chemicals

    2
    How do they work?

    3
    Chemical Reactions
    • The dehydration or drying process occurs at
    around 100 °C.
    • The pyrolysis (or devolatilization) process occurs
    at around 200–300 °C.
    • The combustion process occurs as the volatile
    products and some of the char react with oxygen
    to primarily form carbon dioxide and small
    amounts of carbon monoxide C + O2  CO2
    • The gasification process occurs as the char reacts
    with steam to produce carbon monoxide and
    hydrogen C+ H2O  H2 + CO
    4
    Chemical Reactions
    • The reversible gas phase water-gas shift
    reaction reaches equilibrium very fast
    • CO + H2O  CO2 + H2
    • A limited amount of oxygen or air is
    introduced into the reactor to allow some of
    the organic material to be "burned" to
    produce carbon dioxide and energy
    • 4CO + 2H20  CH4 + 3CO2

    5
    PROCESSES
    • Counter-current fixed bed ("up draft")
    gasifier
    • Co-current fixed bed ("down draft")
    gasifier
    • Fluidized bed reactor
    • Entrained flow gasifier
    • Plasma gasifier
    6
    What are the benefits?
    • Waste or biomass transformation into useful products
    • Contributes to meeting renewable targets
    • Highly flexible technology
    1. Enables production of renewable heat and power,
    fuels, gases such as hydrogen, and/or chemical
    intermediates
    2. Processes a wide range of feedstocks
    3. Deployable in a wide range of scales, footprints, or
    throughputs
    • Potential for high conversion efficiency

    7
    What are the benefits?
    • Environmental benefits
    1. Potential for more power generation per tonne
    waste
    2. Potential for lower greenhouse gas emissions
    3. Reduces the amount of waste going to landfill
    4.Low potential for dioxin formation
    5. By-products which can potentially be used for
    beneficial purposes
    • Security of supply

    8
    APPLICATIONS
    • Heat: Gasifiers offer a flexible option for thermal
    applications, Heating values of syngas are generally
    around 4–10 MJ/m3.
    • Electricity: Currently Industrial-scale gasification is
    primarily used to produce electricity from fossil fuels
    such as coal
    • Combined heat and power: 250–1000 kWe and new
    zero carbon biomass gasification plants have been
    installed in Europe that produce tar free syngas from
    wood and burn it in reciprocating engines connected to
    a generator with heat recovery.

    9
    APPLICATIONS
    • Transport fuel: Diesel engines can be operated on
    dual fuel mode using producer gas. Diesel
    substitution of over 80% at high loads and 70–
    80% under normal load
    • Renewable energy and fuels: If the syngas is
    clean enough, it may be used for power
    production in gas engines, gas turbines or even
    fuel cells, or converted efficiently to dimethyl
    ether (DME) by methanol dehydration

    10
    The gasification and pyrolysis
    future is bright!
    • 60 projects with planning permission
    submitted that have planning permission, or
    are being built that will
    1. have a capacity of 0.5GWe
    2. divert 5 million tonnes waste from landfill
    • These projects could also supply 0.5GWth if
    heat grids were available in the same way as
    they are in other parts of Europe

    11
    REFERENCE BOOKS
    • Gas Generator Project History of the
    Gasogene technology
    • Biomass gasification, pyrolysis and
    torrefaction by Prabir Basu
    • Gasification of waste materials by
    Simaho Cuto
    • Biomass thermal conversion by
    Thomas B Reed
    • Pyrolysis and Gasification by K.Maniatis
    12

    You might also like