Corruption and Other Unethical Behavior

CORRUPTION & OTHER
FORMS OF UNETHICAL
BEHAVIOR
JEK A. PANERIO
DEFINITION
▰ Corruption – is the misuse of public or

private office for personal gain and
interest.
▰ “It can also be defined as “Betrayal of

Public Trust for reason of Private
Interest –Shiavo-Campo Subaran 2001.
Most Corrupt Government
Agencies
THE Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), the Bureau of

Internal Revenue (BIR) and the Bureau of Customs and Department of
Environment and Natural Resources topped the list of the most corrupt
departments and agencies of the government, in a report released on
Thursday by the Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission (PACC).
OFFICES INVOLVED IN MONEY-RELATED TRANSACTIONS
National Government
A review of documented information shows which offices are perceived to be

corrupt. Records of the Ombudsman, for example, show that, based on the
number of complaints/cases filed, the following national government agencies are
the most corrupt (not necessarily in this order): Department of Public Works and
Highways (DPWH); Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR); Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS); Bureau of
Customs; National Irrigation Administration (NIA); Bureau of Internal
Revenue (BIR); Department of Health (DOH); Department of the Interior and
Local Government (DILG); National Power Corporation (NPC); and Bureau of
Immigration (BI).
Examples of Corrupt Practices in
Government
Corruption in the LGU
▰ Local Governments
▰ Local government officials involved in money-related transactions

include the Local Chief Executives (Mayors or Governors), Vice
Governors, City and Municipal Vice Mayors, members of
Sangguniang Panlalawigan/Panlungsod/Bayan, Treasurers,
Accountants, Budget Officers, Planning and Development
Coordinators, General Services Officers, and Engineers. Other
bodies or committees engaged in money-related transactions in
local governments are the Local Health Board, Local Education
Board, Local Finance Committee, and the Bids and Awards
Committee
FORMS OF GRAFT AND CORRUPTION
Buck Power- is open to anyone transacting with the LGU who wishes a
relatively fast payback for his or her investment. It can be quite
synonymous to what other people call "under-the-table deals." It
constitutes several variations of graft and corruption, such as bribery,
extortion, fraud, nepotism, graft, "lagay" (speed money), pilferage, theft,
embezzlement, falsification of records, kickbacks, influence peddling
and campaign contributions (Batalla, 2000).
Another form of corruption that fits the nature of buck power is "areglo"
(arrangement), whose purpose is to bail the transacting party out of a
predicament, which is usually a violation of a government regulation.
Systemic Maze
It is defined as systematic corruption or, in the terminology used by Batalla

(2000), institutionalized corruption. The systemic maze appears to require
political connection before any economic gain can be realized. It goes
through the process of contentious planning, budgeting, legislative action,
public bidding and, more likely, in the end may still be
subjected to buck power. As in the hesitation of BIR and COMELEC to
computerize their operations, the basis of systemic maze is to make
government procedures as complicated and cumbersome as possible so
that fixers and schemers can have a part in the business of facilitating the
transactions of a weary citizenry.
Unethical Behaviour of
Government employee
1. Misusing company time

Whether it is covering for someone who shows up late or altering a time
sheet, misusing company time tops the list. This category includes knowing
that one of your co-workers is conducting personal business on company
time. By "personal business" the survey recognizes the difference between
making cold calls to advance your freelance business and calling your
spouse to find out how your sick child is doing.
2. Abusive behavior
Too many workplaces are filled with managers and supervisors who use
their position and power to mistreat or disrespect others. Unfortunately,
unless the situation you're in involves race, gender or ethnic origin, there is
often no legal protection against abusive behavior in the workplace.
3. Employee theft
-According to a recent study by Jack L. Hayes International, one out of
every 40 employees in 2017 was caught stealing from their employer. Even
more startling is that these employees steal on average 5.5 times more
than shoplifters ($715 vs $129). Employee fraud is also on the uptick,
whether its check tampering, not recording sales in order to skim, or
manipulating expense reimbursements.
4. Lying to employees
The fastest way to lose the trust of your employees is to lie to them, yet
employers do it all the time. One of out every five employees report that
their manager or supervisor has lied to them within the past year.
Receiving Gift and bribes to private entities- This usually happens in
government agencies where private entities offers bribe in return for the
service they needed, “Fixer” term for persons who usually obtain government
services without complying for needed documents or due process
Sources: Political Culture of Corruption in Government by
Lutgardo B. Barbo
Corruption in Organizations: Ethical Climate and Individual
Motives
Madelijne Gorsira 1,* ID , Linda Steg 2, Adriaan Denkers 1
and Wim Huisman 1 1 Department of Criminal Law and
Criminology, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam,
The Netherlands; adriaandenkers@icloud.com (A.D.);
w.huisman@vu.nl (W.H.) 2 Department of Psychology,
University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The
Netherlands; e.m.steg@rug.nl * Correspondence:
m.gorsira@vu.nl
-END
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THANK YOU!!!!

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Corruption and Other Unethical Behavior

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CORRUPTION & OTHER

▰ Corruption – is the misuse of public or

▰ “It can also be defined as “Betrayal of

THE Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), the Bureau of

A review of documented information shows which offices are perceived to be

▰ Local government officials involved in money-related transactions

It is defined as systematic corruption or, in the terminology used by Batalla

1. Misusing company time

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