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Physical Development

The document summarizes physical development across three stages of childhood: early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. In early childhood, children experience rapid growth and development of motor skills. During middle childhood, growth slows to a steady pace as muscle and bone development increases. Adolescence brings puberty and a major growth spurt, along with changes to secondary sex characteristics as children transition to adulthood.

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Khairi Azmi
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394 views

Physical Development

The document summarizes physical development across three stages of childhood: early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. In early childhood, children experience rapid growth and development of motor skills. During middle childhood, growth slows to a steady pace as muscle and bone development increases. Adolescence brings puberty and a major growth spurt, along with changes to secondary sex characteristics as children transition to adulthood.

Uploaded by

Khairi Azmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physical Development

By Dr. Fort Totten


Childhood

Early Middle
Early Childhood
• The biggest development during early
childhood is LANGUAGE.

• Children learn to be much more self-reliant,


to follow rules, to engage in imaginary play
and TO TALK.
Physical Development
• Growth rate slows: the average child in this stage
grows 21/2 inches in height and 5-7 pounds per
year.
• Body fat declines during preschool years.
• Boys have more muscle while girls have more fat.
• Gross and fine motor skills progress rapidly. Gross
motor skills include running, skipping and
jumping. Fine motor skills include turning pages
of a book and learning to write and draw.
• The most important physical development
during early childhood is the brain and
nervous system growth.
• The average preschool child requires 1700
calories per day. Well balanced meals are
important in this stage because their diet
affects skeletal growth, body shape and
susceptibility to disease.
Middle Childhood
• Between early childhood and adolescence.
Physical Development
• Growth

 During middle childhood, children grow at a slow consistent rate


before reaching a large growth spurt during adolescence.

• Skeletal and Muscular

 The average weight increase during middle childhood is 5 to 7


pounds a year. The average height increase is 2 to 3 inches a year.
By the age of 11 years, the average girl is 4 feet, 10 inches tall, and
the average boy 4 feet, 91/2 inches tall.
 Muscle mass increases as baby fat decreases, while the legs
become longer, and the body trunk becomes slimmer. Strength
gradually increases due to heredity and exercise, doubling their
strength, during these years. Because of a greater number of
muscle cells boys are usually stronger than girls.
• Motor Skills

 Children motor skills become smoother and more


coordinated than in early childhood, for example, they are
able to master running, skipping, bicycle riding, and skating.

 Gross motor skills involve mastery of large muscle


movements.

 Fine motor skills are those dealing with dexterity. Boys will
usually out perform girls in gross motor skills, whereas girls
typically perform better than boys in fine motor skills.

 As children get older they become more aware of their


bodies, and more able to control their physical movements.
Children are able to keep their attention longer, and have
less distracting body movement.
Adolescence
• Adolescence is a period between childhood
and adulthood. Adolescence is marked by
numerous psychological, social and physical
developments.

• Puberty, in contrast, refers to the PHYSICAL


changes which occur during adolescence,
including
changes in secondary sex characteristics
(such as growth of breasts and pubic hair),
which differ between males and females but
are not directly related to reproduction
(that's why they are called secondary)

changes in primary sex characteristics (such


as the beginning of ovulation in females and
production of viable sperm in males),
the adolescent growth spurt, during which both
boys and girls grow several inches and gain about
10 pounds a year, usually over a two-year period.
The average boy goes through this growth spurt
about two years later than the average girl.

 Despite the fact that adolescents are growing


faster than they have since they were two years
old, relatively little attention is paid to education
at this age regarding nutrition, and the average
adolescent's diet consists of a large proportion of
junk food, fast food, saturated fats, and just in
general the type of eating patterns which are
opposite a healthy diet.
References
• http://www.spiritlakeconsulting.com/SLC/shar
edfiles/library/devpsych/earlychild1.htm
• http://www.mesacc.edu/dept/d46/psy/dev/e
arly_childhood/index.html
• http://www.spiritlakeconsulting.com/SLC/shar
edfiles/library/devpsych/midchildphys.htm
• http://www.spiritlakeconsulting.com/SLC/shar
edfiles/library/devpsych/adolescence1.htm

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