NATIONAL HABITAT

AND HOUSING POLICY

2007

SUBMITTED BY:

AMANDEEP SINGH (14009)

ANKIT DHATTARWAL (14011)
KESHAV SHARMA (14031)
SHIKHAR SINGH (14059)
URMI DHATARWAL (14069)
INTRODUCTION
• The national urban and habitat policy 2007 was stated by KUMARI SELJA the minister
of state for housing & urban poverty alleviation.

• Last time policy was revised in 1998. Since then there have been major
changes in Habitat and Human Settlement issues.

• Particularly, the urban housing sector has been facing emerging challenges with
regard to availability of affordable shelter, growth of slums, and gaps in provision of
basic services to the urban poor.

• In a Conference of Housing Ministers' of State and Union Territories in November, 2004

and it was decided to update the National Housing and Habitat Policy with emphasis
on urban housing and improved habitat.

• The policy seeks to promote various types of public-private partnerships for realizing
the goal of “ affordable housing for all’ with special emphasis on the urban poor.

• This policy further intends to promote sustainable development of habitat in the

country with a view to ensuring equitable supply of land, shelter and services at
affordable prices to all sections of society.
NEED
URBANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT

• The National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) 61st Round reports that the number
of urban poor has risen by 4.4 million persons, between 1994 to 2005.

• It therefore played an important role in providing ‘Affordable Housing to All’ with

special emphasis on the EWS and LIG sectors.

RURAL TO URBAN SHIFT OF LABOUR

• The increasing level of urbanization and industrialization resulted in shift of people

from rural to urban spaces.

BALANCED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

• The way to bring a symbiotic development between rural and urban areas is by
adopting “a Regional Planning approach.”
NEED
NEW INTEGRATED TOWNSHIPS AND GREEN-FIELD DEVELOPMENT

• In view of the fact that 50% of India’s population is forecasted to be living in

urban areas by 2041, it is necessary to develop new integrated townships.

MAGNITUDE OF POVERTY

• Non-affordability of housing by economically weaker sections of society and

low income families in urban areas is directly linked with the magnitude of
urban poverty.

DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE HABITAT

• It involves maintenance of the ecological balance in terms of a symbiotic perspective

on rural and urban development while developing urban extensions of existing towns as
well as new integrated townships.
AIM
The National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy aims at:

URBAN PLANNING
• Encouraging State Governments, Urban Local Bodies, Development
authorities to periodically update their Master Plans and Zoning Plans.

• Promoting balanced urban-rural planning by following the Regional Planning

Approach, take the whole State/UT as a region, under the Town & Country
Planning Acts in the States.

• Planning of Mass Rapid Transit Systems.

AFFORDABLE HOUSING
• Accelerating the pace of development of housing and related infrastructure.

• Creating adequate housing stock both on rental and ownership basis with
special emphasis on improving the affordability of houses.
AIM
• Using technology for modernizing the housing sector. The concept of ‘green’
and ‘intelligent’ buildings would be put in place on the ground.

INCREASE FLOW OF FUNDS

• Promoting larger flow of funds from governmental and private sources for
fulfilling housing and infrastructure needs.

• Removing legal, financial and administrative barriers for facilitating access

to tenure, land, finance and technology.

SPATIAL INCENTIVES

• Innovative spatial incentives like relaxation of Floor Area Ratio (FAR) for
ensuring that 20-25 % of the FAR are reserved for EWS / LIG.
AIM
INCREASE SUPPLY OF LAND

• Facilitating accessibility to serviced land and housing with focus on

economically weaker sections and low income group categories.

SPECIAL PROVISION FOR SC/ST/OBC/MINORITIES/DISABLED

• Special efforts for catering to the needs of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled

Tribes, Other Backward Classes, Minorities, Disabled persons, slum dwellers,
street vendors other informal sector workers and other vulnerable sections of
the society in relation to housing and access to basic services.

SPECIAL PROVISION FOR WOMEN

• Involving women at all levels of decision making for ensuring their

participation in formulation and implementation of housing policies and
programmes.
 AIM
• Addressing the special needs of women headed households, single women,
working women and women in difficult circumstances in relation to housing
serviced by basic amenities.

EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

• Upgradation of construction skills and accelerated development of housing

and infrastructure sectors for giving an impetus to employment generation.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS

• Forging strong partnerships between public, private and cooperative sectors

for accelerated growth in the Housing Sector and sustainable development
of habitat.
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

• Establishing a Management Information System (MIS) in the Housing

Sector for strengthening ,monitoring of building activities in the country.

HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

• Developing cities/towns in a manner which promotes a healthy

environment, encouraging use of renewable energy resources and
ensuring effective solid waste management in collaboration with persons
involved in recycling activities.

• Protecting our cultural heritage and architecture as well as promoting

traditional skills with suitable adaptation to modern technologies.
SPECIFIC AREAS OF ACTION
LAND

• 10 to 15 percent of land in every new public/private housing project or 20

to 25 percent of FAR / Floor Space Index (FSI) which is greater will be
reserved for EWS/LIG housing .

• A Special Action Plan will be prepared for urban slum dwellers with special
emphasis on persons belonging to SC/ST/OBCs/Minorities/Economically
weaker Sections /physically handicapped and Minorities. Due consideration
would be given so that Safai Karamcharies and Scavengers are not
geographically and socially segregated.

• Suitable percentage of land developed by the Public Sector will be provided at

institutional rates to organizations like Cooperative Group Housing Societies, which
provide housing to their members on a no-profit no-loss basis.
SPECIFIC AREAS OF ACTION
FINANCE
• A Secondary Mortgage Market may be promoted by the Reserve Bank of
India(RBI)/National Housing Bank (NHB). This will enhance transparency
and flexibility in the housing market.

• A Model Rent Act will be prepared by the Government of India to promote

rental housing on the principle that rent of a housing unit should be fixed by
mutual agreement between the landlord and the tenant for a stipulated lease
period prior to which, the tenant will not be allowed to be evicted and after
the expiry of the said lease period, the tenant will not be permitted to continue
in the said housing unit.

• Special financial and spatial incentives would be developed for inner-city

slum redevelopment schemes.

• States/UTs will be advised to develop 10 years perspective Housing Plans

with emphasis on EWS and LIG sectors.
SPECIFIC AREAS OF ACTION
TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT AND ITS TRANSFER
• States would be encouraged to prepare detailed city maps on the basis of the
GIS mapping through satellite data, aerial survey and ground verification.

• Low energy consuming and using renewal form of energy for construction
techniques and rain-water harvesting technologies will be encouraged.

• Use of prefabricated factory made building components will be encouraged

for mass housing, so as to achieve speedy, cost effective and better quality
construction.

• Central and State/UT Governments should promote low cost, local building
materials based on agricultural and industrial wastes, particularly those based
on fly ash, red mud and allied local materials.

• Use of wood has already been banned by the Central Public Works Department
(CPWD). State PWD Departments need to take similar steps in this direction.

• Use of bamboo as a wood substitute and as a general building component

would be encouraged.
SPECIFIC AREAS OF ACTION
INFRASTRUCTURE
• Development of a Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) at the sub-regional level
around metropolitan cities will be encouraged.

• All States would be encouraged to develop a ‘Habitat Infrastructure Action

Plan’ for all cities with a population of over 1,00,000.

SUSTAINABILITY CONCERNS
• Green belts will be developed around cities with a view to maintaining the ecological
balance.

• Suitable green recreational areas like zoo, lakes and gardens will be earmarked /
developed for public visits in the Master Plan of each city/town.

• Water bodies will be protected with special emphasis on keeping the flood plains of
tropical rivers free from construction or encroachments.

• Model bye-laws will be developed to promote the use of renewable energy sources
particularly solar water heating systems in residential and commercial buildings.
EMPLOYMENT ISSUES RELATING TO THE HOUSING SECTOR
• Efforts will be made to provide good quality training to construction workers with a view
to improving their skills in tandem with technological advancements in the construction
sector.

• The construction industry is one of the biggest employers of women workers.

efforts will be made to upgrade the skills of women construction workers.

SLUM IMPROVEMENT AND UPGRADATION

• The Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission has started to play a vital role
both in slum improvement as well as in-situ slum rehabilitation along with
provision of security of tenure, affordable housing and basic services to the
urban poor.

• Inner-city slum redevelopment programmes for creating a better environment

would be encouraged with cross subsidization and special incentives.
• In cases, where relocation is necessary on account of severe water
Pollution safety problems, relocation of slum dwellers will be undertaken.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL MISSION (JNNURM)
• JNNURM was a massive city modernisation scheme launched by govt of India under ministry
Of urban development.

• Launched on 3rd December 2005.

• Programme was meant to improve the quality of life and infrastructure in the cities.

• Duration- 7 year( up to March 2012)

• It was a step to improve the civic services in the cities.

OBJECTIVES:
• Development of infrastructure services in cities.

• Ensuring adequate funds to improve urban infrastructural services.

• Redevelopment of old cities

• Improve civic services and made accessible to the urban poor.

• Provision of basic services to the urban poor

- improved housing
- water supply and sanitation
- education, health and social security.

SCOPE OF THE MISSION

The Mission shall comprise two Sub- Missions, namely

• Sub-Mission for Urban Infrastructure and Governance :-administered by the

Ministry of Urban Development The main thrust of the Sub-Mission will be on infrastructure
projects relating to water supply and sanitation, sewerage, solid waste management, road
network, urban transport and redevelopment of old city areas

• Sub-Mission for Basic Services to the Urban Poor :- This will be administered by the Ministry
of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation The main thrust of the Sub-Mission will be on
integrated development of slums through projects for providing shelter, basic services and other
related civic amenities
 STRATEGY OF THE MISSION

Preparing City
Development Preparing Projects Release of Funds
Plan

Incorporating
Private Sector
 ELIGIBLE CITIES, SECTORS AND PROJECTS

1. Cities Eligible for Assistance under the JNNURM

Eligible Cities:

• Cities/ UAs with 4 million plus population as per 2001 census 07

• Cities/ UAs with 1 million plus but less than 4 million population
as per 2001 census 28
• Selected Cities/ UAs (State Capitals and other cities/ UA of 28
religious/ historic and tourist importance)
2. Sectors and Projects Eligible for Assistance under the Sub-Mission
Directorate for Urban Infrastructure and Governance

• Urban renewal, that is, redevelopment of inner (old) city areas

• Water supply (including desalination plants) and sanitation.

• Sewerage and solid waste management.

• Construction and improvement of drains and storm water drains.

• Urban transportation including roads, highways, expressways, MRTS, and metro

projects.

• Parking lots and spaces on PPP basis.

• Development of heritage areas

• Prevention and rehabilitation of soil erosion and landslides only in cases of
special category

• States where such problems are common

• Preservation of water bodies.

3. Sectors and Projects Eligible for Assistance under the Sub-Mission

Directorate for Basic Services to the Urban Poor.

• Integrated development of slums,

• Projects involving development, improvement, and maintenance of basic

services to the urban poor.

• Slum improvement and rehabilitation of projects.

• Projects on water supply, sewerage, drainage, community toilets, and baths etc.

• Construction and improvement of drains and storm water drains.

• Environmental improvement of slums and solid waste management.

• Street lighting.

• Civic amenities like community halls, child care centres etc.

• Operation and Maintenance of assets created under this component.

• Convergence of health, education and social security schemes for the urban
poor
EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE JNNURM :

• Modern and transparent budgeting, accounting, financial management

systems,

• City-wide framework for planning and governance

• All urban residents will be able to obtain access to a basic level of urban
services

• transparent and accountable to citizens

THE ULTIMATE GOAL

• The ultimate goal of this Policy is to ensure sustainable development of all

urban human settlements, duly serviced by basic civic amenities for ensuring
better quality of life for all urban citizens.

• The Action Plan at the State/UT level in this regard must be prepared with the active
involvement of all stakeholders.

• The National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy, 2007 also lays special emphasis on
provision of social housing for the EWS/LIG categories so that they are fully integrated into
the mainstream of ecologically well-balanced urban development.
THANK YOU