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    Indian Poetry After Islam

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    Khawar Shahzad
    Kabir was a 15th century Indian poet and saint who was born to a Muslim family but influenced by Hinduism. He was equally critical of both religions. Kabir emphasized devotion to the divine truth over religious labels or practices. Mirabai was a 16th century Hindu princess and mystic poet who defied expectations to devote herself to Krishna. Tukaram was a 17th century Marathi poet from a merchant family who began writing religious poetry after visions. He faced opposition from Brahmins but is admired in Vaishnavism.

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    Indian Poetry After Islam

    Uploaded by

    Khawar Shahzad
    145 views11 pages
    Kabir was a 15th century Indian poet and saint who was born to a Muslim family but influenced by Hinduism. He was equally critical of both religions. Kabir emphasized devotion to the divine truth over religious labels or practices. Mirabai was a 16th century Hindu princess and mystic poet who defied expectations to devote herself to Krishna. Tukaram was a 17th century Marathi poet from a merchant family who began writing religious poetry after visions. He faced opposition from Brahmins but is admired in Vaishnavism.

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    Indian poetry after Islam (1)

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    Kabir was a 15th century Indian poet and saint who was born to a Muslim family but influenced by Hinduism. He was equally critical of both religions. Kabir emphasized devotion to the divine truth over religious labels or practices. Mirabai was a 16th century Hindu princess and mystic poet who defied expectations to devote herself to Krishna. Tukaram was a 17th century Marathi poet from a merchant family who began writing religious poetry after visions. He faced opposition from Brahmins but is admired in Vaishnavism.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    145 views11 pages

    Indian Poetry After Islam

    Uploaded by

    Khawar Shahzad
    Kabir was a 15th century Indian poet and saint who was born to a Muslim family but influenced by Hinduism. He was equally critical of both religions. Kabir emphasized devotion to the divine truth over religious labels or practices. Mirabai was a 16th century Hindu princess and mystic poet who defied expectations to devote herself to Krishna. Tukaram was a 17th century Marathi poet from a merchant family who began writing religious poetry after visions. He faced opposition from Brahmins but is admired in Vaishnavism.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    World Literature

    Indian Poetry After Islam


    Indian Poetry After Islam

     Kabir, (Arabic: “Great”) (born 1440, Varanasi, Jaunpur, India—died


    1518, Maghar), revolutionary Indian poet-saint respected by Hindus, 
    Muslims, and Sikhs.
     The birth of Kabir remains hidden in mystery and legend. Authorities
    disagree on both when he was born and who his parents were. According
    to one legend, his mother was a Brahman who became pregnant after a
    visit to a Hindu shrine. Because she was unwed, she abandoned Kabir,
    who was found and adopted by a Muslim weaver. That his early life
    began as a Muslim there is little doubt, but he was later strongly
    influenced by a Hindu ascetic, Ramananda.
     Although Kabir is often depicted in modern times as a harmonizer of
    Hindu and Muslim belief and practice, it would be more accurate to say
    that he was equally critical of both, often conceiving them as parallel to
    one another in their misguided ways.
    Kabir
     What really counted, for Kabir, was utter faithfulness to
    the one deathless truth of life, which he associated
    equally with the designations Allah and Ram—the latter
    understood as a general Hindu name for the divine, not
    the hero of the Ramayana. Kabir’s principal media of
    communication were songs, rhymed couplets called
    (dohas) sometimes called “words” (shabdas) or
    “witnesses” (sakhis). A number of those couplets, and
    others attributed to Kabir since his death, have come to
    be commonly used by speakers of north Indian
    languages.
    Kabir

     Kabir’s poetic personality has been variously


    defined by the religious traditions that respect
    him, and the same can be said for his 
    hagiography. For Sikhs he is a ancestor and
    speaker of Nanak, the founding Sikh Guru
     (spiritual guide). Muslims place him in Sufi
     (mystical) lineages, and for Hindus he
    becomes a Vaishnavite (devotee of the god 
    Vishnu) with universalist leanings.
    Kabir

     Butwhen one goes back to the poetry that can


    most reliably be attributed to Kabir, only two
    aspects of his life emerge as truly certain: he
    lived most of his life in Banaras (now
    Varanasi), and he was a weaver, one of a low-
    ranked caste that had become largely Muslim
    in Kabir’s time.
    Kabir

     The Kabir Panth regards Kabir as its principal


    guru or even as a divinity—truth incarnate.
    The broad range of traditions on which Kabir
    has had an impact is testimony to his massive
    authority, even for those whose beliefs and
    practices he criticized so unsparingly. From
    early on, his presence in collected works of
    North Indian bhakti (devotional) poetry is
    remarkable
    Meera (Mirabai)
     Mirabai was a great Bhakti saint, Hindu mystic poet and
    a devotee of the Lord Krishna. Born in the late fifteenth
    century into a royal family of Rajasthan, Mira, from her
    childhood was a great devotee of Lord Krishna and
    wrote many beautiful poems in praise of her Lord. The
    ‘bhajans’ she wrote so many centuries ago are still sung
    by Krishna devotees all over the world. However, her
    life is equally inspiring from another point of view. One
    may draw parallel between her life and the struggle
    many modern women have to undergo in order to lead a
    life of their choice.
    Mirabai
     Married off to Prince Bhoj Raj of Chittor at a tender age
    she was expected to lead the life of a princess and was
    pressured into devoting her time to her domestic duties.
    Yet, young as she was, she stood firm and devoted her
    life in the service of her Lord. Neither riches nor danger
    to her life could discourage her from her path. When it
    became impossible to live within the royal household,
    she chose to leave home and went to Vrin-dha-vun,
    where Lord Krishna had spent his boyhood days. There
    she led the life of a saint, devoting her time in the service
    of Lord Krishna.
    Sant Tukaram

     Tukaram also Shri Tukaram, and colloquially


    referred to as "Tuka" , was a seventeenth century
    Marathi poet Sant of India, related to the Bhakti
    movement of Maharashtra. Tukaram was a
    devotee of Vitthal (a form of Lord Krishna), the
    supreme God in Vaishnavism. He is especially
    admired by the Varkari community. Tukaram's
    poetry is widely recognized as the climactic point
    of the Bhagawat .
    Tukaram

     Born in a family of traders, Tukaram was


    innocent of worldly ways, and was often cheated
    and humiliated in dealings with the public. His
    dramatic misadventures as an unworldly man are
    a favorite topic for story tellers. After being
    visited in a dream by Namdev, and Lord Vitthal
    himself, Tukaram began to write (religious
    poetry). His religious activities provoked the
    Brahmin, who victimized him. 
    Tukaram

     Inthe forty-eighth year of his life, in 1649, Tukaram


    disappeared. There is disagreement about Tukaram's
    final day. Some say that he informed his wife early
    in the day that he was going to Vaikuntha (the
    Divine Abode), and his wife laughed at him. He
    went up the hill and waited for Vithoba. By that
    time, news had spread around Dehu and people had
    gathered around the hill, waiting for the Divine
    event. From eyewitness accounts, a large vehicle
    appeared from the skies and Vithoba emerged.

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