Management Information Systems: Managing The Digital Firm, 12e Authors: Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon

Chapter 7
Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Telecommunications, the Internet,
and Wireless Technology
Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 12e Authors: Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon
Networking and Communication Trends
Convergence:
 Telephone networks and computer networks converging into
single digital network using Internet standards
 E.g. Mobile phone operators in Bangladesh offer voice service,

and internet access
Broadband wired internet access:
 Digital Subscriber Line, Optical fiber etc.
Broadband wireless internet access:
 Mobile broadband: GSM, EDGE, 3G, 4G (WiMAX)
 WiMAX: Provided by Qubee, Banglalion. This technology also
offers Wi-Fi
What is a computer network?
– A computer network consists of two or more connected
computers
– Major components in simple network
 Client computer- Computers used by end users

 Server computer- Central computer that provides connections
to client computers, serves web pages, stores data, and stores
Network Operating System
 Network interfaces device (refer to the picture on next slide)
 Connection medium- Telephone wire, Coaxial cable, Wi-Fi
 Network operating system (NOS)- Routes and manages
communications on the network
 Hub or switch- Acts as a connection point between computers
– Routers
 Device used to route packets of data through different
networks, ensuring that data sent gets to the correct address
Network Interface Device

Telecommunications and Networking in
Today’s Business World
COMPONENTS OF A SIMPLE COMPUTER NETWORK

Illustrated here is a very simple computer network, consisting of computers, a
network operating system residing on a dedicated server computer, cable (wiring)
FIGURE 7-1
connecting the devices, network interface cards (NICs), switches, and a router.
Components of networks in large
companies
Company grows and accumulates hundreds of small networks
in each location
Hundreds of local area networks (LANs) can be linked to each

other and to firm-wide corporate network on different locations
Various powerful servers support
 Web site
 Corporate intranet, extranet
 Back-end systems
Mobile wireless LANs (Wi-Fi networks)
Videoconferencing system
Telephone network
Wireless cell phones
Components of networks in large companies

Today’s corporate network infrastructure is a collection of
FIGURE 7-2 many different networks from the public switched telephone
network, to the Internet, to corporate local area networks
linking workgroups, departments, or office floors.
Key networking technologies
Client/server computing
 Distributed computing model in which some of the processing
power is located within client computers

 Clients are linked to each other through a network controlled
by a network server computer
 Server sets rules of communication for network and provides
every client with an address so others can find it on the
network
 Client/server computing is used among departments, factory
floors etc.
Packet switching
 Method of slicing digital messages into parcels (packets),
sending packets along different communication paths as they

become available, and then reassembling packets at
destination
 Previous circuit-switched networks required assembly of
complete point-to-point circuit. This was very expensive.
Example: Telephone system.
 Routers are used for packet switching.
Telecommunications and Networking in
Today’s Business World
PACKED-SWITCHED NETWORKS AND PACKET COMMUNICATIONS

FIGURE 7-3
Data are grouped into small packets, which are transmitted independently over
various communications channels and reassembled at their final destination.
TCP/IP and connectivity
 Connectivity between computers enabled by protocols
 Protocols: Rules that govern transmission of information
between two points in a network. Before TCP/IP there were

incompatible protocols from several vendors
 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
○ Common worldwide standard for Internet
○ TCP
-establishes a connection between the computers

-sequences the transfer of packets
-acknowledges the packets sent
○ IP
-responsible for delivery of the packets
-includes disassembling and reassembling of packets
during transmission
Different types of networks
Local-area network (LAN)
 It is used to connect computers and other devices within a 500
meters distance. This is widely used in an office environment.
 One computer is a dedicated network file server, providing
users with access to shared computing resources in the

network, including software and data files
 The server controls user access
 The router connects the LAN to other networks, which could be
the internet or another corporate network. This way LAN can
exchange information with external network.
 Network Operating Systems (NOS) for LAN are Windows, Linux
 LAN architectures
-Client/server architecture is for 11 or more computers
-Peer-to peer architecture is for 10 or fewer computers
Different types of networks
Wide Area Networks (WANs)

 It is a collection of multiple LANs. Cover broad geographical
distances- an entire region, or the entire world. The most
powerful WAN is internet.

 Example of regional WAN: Network of ATMs
What is internet?
• The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer
networks that use the
Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link billions of devices worldwid
e. It is a

network of networks
that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, an
d government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad
array of
wireless, and wired networking technologies.
• Internet connections (wired broadband and wireless broadband)

are provided by Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Technologies for wired broadband
-Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): Need to have a landline phone
-Asymmetric DSL (ADSL): Most popular form of DSL. Available in
Bangladesh. Example: BTCL
-Fiber to the Home (FTTH): Use internet from optical fiber. Available in
Bangladesh. Example: Link3

-Cable internet connections: Provided by cable TV providers
-T lines: Dedicated lines for businesses and governments that require high-
speed guaranteed service levels. Not available to end users.
•Connection medium:
• DSL: Telephone wire
• FTTH: Optical fiber (Refer to the image of submarine cable)
• Cable internet connection: Coaxial cable
• T lines: Telephone wire
• Speed ranges:
• DSL: 385 kbps to 40 mbps, FTTH: up to 150 mbps
• Cable internet connections: Most providers provide 1 mbps to 6 mbps
• T lines: T1- 1.54 mbps, T3- 45 mbps
Internet address
The internet is based on the TCP/IP networking protocol to

send data from one computer to other computers
Each computer on the internet is assigned with a unique

address called Internet Protocol Address (IP Address).
IP address is represented by four strings of numbers ranging
form 0 to 255 separated by periods (dots)
Example: 207.43.123.241
Major Internet services (Table 7.3 )
E-mail

Chatting and instant messaging
Newsgroups
Telnet
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web
 Website: A collection of web pages
 HTML (Hypertext Markup Language):
– Formats documents for display on Web by using HTML tags
– Example:
<Name> Kabid Md Surid </Name>

<address> Somewhere in Dhaka </address>
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):
 Communications standard used for transferring Web pages
from web server to the client computers.
E.g. http://www.megacorp.com
Uniform resource locators (URLs):
 Addresses of Web pages
○ E.g. http://www.megacorp.com/content/features/082602.html
Web servers
 Used for locating and managing Web pages
Searching information on internet
Search engines
 Started in early 1990s as relatively simple software programs

using keyword indexes
Search engine marketing

 Today, major source of Internet advertising revenue happens
via search engine marketing, using complex algorithms and
page ranking techniques to locate results
Shopping bots
 Use intelligent agent software for searching Internet for
shopping information. Example: pricegrabber.com
Web 2.0
• Web 2.0
Four defining features
 Interactivity: Search customized information as per user
criteria
 Real-time user control: Update, delete, Copy, paste of

information; build applications on web using cloud computing
 Social participation
 User-generated content: You Tube videos
Technologies and services behind these features
 Cloud computing
 Blogs/RSS (Rich Site Summary)
 Mashups: enables mix and match web contents to create
useful information. Example: padmapper.com
 Wikis: Example- Wikipedia
 Social networks: Build communities and friends
Cellular systems
Competing standards for cellular service
 CDMA: Citycell
 GSM: Grameenphone, Robi

Third-generation (3G) networks
– Speed range is 144 Kbps – 2Mbps
4G networks
 Speed range is 100 Mbps – 1Gbps
The Wireless Computer Networks and Internet
Bluetooth (802.15)
 Links up to 8 devices in 10-m area

 Useful for personal area networking (PANs) and in business to
transmit data from handheld devices to other transmitters
Wi-Fi (802.11)
 Set of standards: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n
 Used for wireless LAN and wireless Internet access
 Use access points: Device with radio receiver/transmitter for
connecting wireless devices to a wired LAN
The Wireless Computer Networks and Internet
• Wireless computer networks and Internet access

Wi-Fi (cont.)
 Hotspots: Access points in public place to provide maximum

wireless coverage for a specific area
 Weak security features
WiMax (802.16)
 Wireless access range of 31 miles
 Require WiMax antennas
 Fix the problems of not having Wi-Fi and Fixed broadband
connectivity
The Wireless Computer Network
A BLUETOOTH
NETWORK

(PAN)
Bluetooth enables a
variety of devices,
including cell phones,
PDAs, wireless keyboards
and mice, PCs, and
printers, to interact
wirelessly with each
other within a small 30-
foot (10-meter) area. In
addition to the links
shown, Bluetooth can be
used to network similar
devices to send data
from one PC to another,
for example.
FIGURE 7-15
The Wireless Internet Access
AN 802.11 WIRELESS LAN
Mobile laptop computers
equipped with network
interface cards link to the

wired LAN by
communicating with the
access point. The access
point uses radio waves to
transmit network signals
from the wired network
to the client adapters,
which convert them into
data that the mobile
device can understand.
The client adapter then
transmits the data from
the mobile device back to
the access point, which
forwards the data to the
wired network.
FIGURE 7-16

Management Information Systems: Managing The Digital Firm, 12e Authors: Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Management Information Systems: Managing The Digital Firm, 12e Authors: Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Management Information Systems: Managing The Digital Firm, 12e Authors: Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 7

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

-establishes a connection between the computers

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Wide Area Networks (WANs)

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

• Internet connections (wired broadband and wireless broadband)

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

The internet is based on the TCP/IP networking protocol to

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Search engine marketing

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

• Wireless computer networks and Internet access

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2013 Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

You might also like