Chapter 8A: Application Software

Chapter 8A
Application Software
McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Application Software
• Tells the computer how to accomplish
specific tasks.
• A set of instructions given by the users
• Major categories are:
– Word Processing
– Spreadsheets
– Database Management
– Presentation Programme
– Graphics
– Multimedia
– Entertainments
– Web Design
– Games
– Personal Management
8A-2
Acquiring Software
• Commercial software
– Software that must be purchased
– Stand alone products
• Solve one type of problem
– Software suites
• Integrated tools that work together
• Solve many problems
– Shareware
• Try before you buy
• May deactivate if not purchased
8A-3
Acquiring Software
• Freeware
– No obligation to purchase
• Donations often accepted
– Software may be distributed freely
– Public domain software
8A-4
Acquiring Software
• Open source
– Programs distributed with source code
– Allows users to modify the software
– Modifications and comments are welcome
– Linux and OpenOffice
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Open Office
8A-6
Word Processing Programs
• Creates text documents
• Graphics and other objects are supported
• Professional quality can be achieved
• Simple web pages may be created
• Use
– Memos
– Reports
– Correspondence
– Minutes of Meeting
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Spreadsheet Programs
• Keep track of data, create charts based
from data, and perform complex
calculations.
• Calculates numbers and finances
• Data viewable in many ways
– Tables
– Graphs
• Complex calculations can be automated
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• Use
– Budgeting
– Enrolment Records
– Inventories
– Financial and Accounting
• Balance sheet
• Income Statement
• Salary/ payroll preparation
• ROI
• Ledger
• Checkbook register
• Cash Flow
8A-12
Software Suite
8A-13
Spreadsheet Interface
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8A-14
8A-15
8A-16
8A-17
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DATABASE
• A database is a set of organized, permanent, self-

descriptive store of interrelated data items that can be
processed by one or more business process.
• An assortment of data that is organized to be easily
accessed, managed and updated, and range from relational
databases to cloud databases.
• a comprehensive collection of related data organized for
convenient access, generally in a computer.
• also called electronic database, any collection of data, or
information, that is specially organized for rapid search and
retrieval by a computer.
• It consists of table(s).
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DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(DBMS)
• Set of Software Applications Combined with a

Database
• Enables Effective Management of Data
Electronically
– Identifying the Data necessary to make business
Decisions
– Defining the Characteristics of that Data (e.g., Number
Data vs. Character Data),
– Organizing those Data to promote data quality and
accessibility
– Restricting Access to the Data
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DATABASE, DBMS, AND
BUSINESS APPLICATIONS
Payroll
program
Recruitment
Payroll
data
program
Database
Recruitment management
data system Workplace
Workplace program
profiles
data
Performance Performance
data Program
Application Users
Database Interface
Programs
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RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL
• Relational Model - the overall purpose

of the relational model is to describe
data using a standard tabular format.
• All data elements are placed in two-
dimensional tables, called relations.
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RELATIONAL DBMS
• Retrieval of data from different tables based on Logical
Relationship built into table structures for sharing purpose
• Hierarchical Database Model
– A database model which the data is organized in a top-down
or inverted tree-like structure.
• Network Database Model
– An extension of the hierarchical model or tree model.
Instead of having only levels of one-to-many relationships,
the network model is an owner-member relationship in which
a member may have many owners.
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3
RELATIONAL DBMS: DATA

SHARING
• Data sharing between Different Functions

• Data sharing between Different Levels
• Data sharing between Different Locations
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RELATIONAL DBMS: DATA SHARING
• Data Sharing Between Different Functions

• Relational database technology increased the feasibility and
popularity of integrated business application. Because,
 They facilitate data integration across different functions and this
fuction and this can help own data as well as other data.
 It helps HR department to maintain its database and also get access
the cost information from the accounting departments database.
These integrated applications used in large organizations are
reffered to as Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP)
business applications.
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RELATIONAL DBMS: DATA

SHARING
• Data Sharing between Different Levels
– Three Levels: Operational Employees, Managers,
Executives
– Three Types of Software Systems:
• Transaction Processing System (TMS) Transformational
• Management Reporting System(MRS) Traditional
• Decision Support System (DSS)
(Hansen & Hansen, 1996)
Transactional
Database Concepts and Applications in HRIS

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6
RELATIONAL DBMS: DATA SHARING
• ERP modules are integrated, primarily through a common set of

definitions and a common database.
• ERP modules carry out the most common business functions.

This function includes:
– HR functions
– General ledger
– Accounts payable,
– Accounts receivable,
– Order management
– Inventory control and
– Customer relationship management.
Presentation Programs
• Creates slides or transparencies
• Complete set is a presentation
• Enhances a speech or lecture
• Color and animation enhance the slides
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• Creating a presentation
– Templates can simplify the process
– Build the slides
• Pick a layout
• Enter the desired text
• Apply special formatting
– Continue adding slides in order
– Apply slide transitions if desired
8A-28
• Presenting slide shows
– Use to enhance a speech
– Mouse click advances to next slide
– Physical transparencies on an overhead
– Computer screen delivery
– Large monitor delivery
– Data projector
8A-29
Chapter 8A
End of Chapter
McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Interface
– Rows, columns and cells
• Cell holds data or formulas
– Formula bar
– Labels describe cell contents
– Values
– Dates
– Formulas
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• Interface
– Similar to a word processor
– Slide window
– Outline window
– Speaker notes
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Presentation Interface
8A-36
Using a Large Monitor
8A-37
Personal Information Managers
• PIM software
• Keep track of contact information
• Track upcoming events and times
• MS Outlook is popular
8A-38
Personal Information Managers
• Data organization
– Contact information organized by last name
– Users may search for data
– Appointment reminders can be set
8A-39

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Chapter 8A

• A database is a set of organized, permanent, self-

• Set of Software Applications Combined with a

• Relational Model - the overall purpose

RELATIONAL DBMS: DATA

• Data sharing between Different Functions

• Data Sharing Between Different Functions

RELATIONAL DBMS: DATA

Database Concepts and Applications in HRIS

• ERP modules are integrated, primarily through a common set of

• ERP modules carry out the most common business functions.

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